Akabva Pakuva Mai Vapasi Kukuva Vamwarikadzi Voruzvaro

UNOZIVA mwarikadzi anoratidzirwa pabutiro ramagazini ino here? Iye ndiIsis, mai-mwarikadzi wakare weEgipita. Kana wakashanyira miyuziyemu kana kuti kutarira mubhuku rinotaura pamusoro penhau yakare, zvimwe wakatoona zvidhori zvakafanana naiyeyu. Kunyanguvezvo rangarira izvi: Ungakotamira ndokunamata mwarikadzi Isis here?

Kana uri worumwe rwamarudzidziso echiKristudhomu, iwoyo ungaratidzika kuva mubvunzo wechienzi. Sezvingabvira uchataura kuti unonamata Musiki, Uyo anotaurwa kwaari, kuti: “Baba vedu vari mudenga.” (Mateo 6:9, King James Version) Pfungwa yokukotamira mai-mwarikadzi ingaratidzika kuva yechienzi, kunyange inonyangadza. Kunyanguvezvo, kunamata kwakadaro kwave kwakapararira munhau yose, uye ungakatyamadzwa kuziva kuti ndivanaani chaizvo vanonamata mai-mwarikadzi mukuru nhasi.

Zvisinei, tisati takurukura izvozvo, ngatiwanei mashoko ekare kupfurikidza nokurangarira tambanuko yokunamatwa kwamai-mwarikadzi munguva dzakare. Rudzi irworwu rwokunamata runoratidzika kuva chimiro chapakuvamba zvikuru chorudzidziso rwenhema. Zvidhori nemifananidzo zvavanamai-mwarikadzi vasina kupfeka zvakafukunurwa nevezvokuchera matongo panzvimbo dzakare muEurope mose nokuvambira munyika dzeMediterranean kusvikira kuIndia.

Mai Vapasi vairangarirwa samanyuko enguva dzose ezvimiro zvose zvoupenyu, vachipa upenyu uye ipapo kuhudzorera kwavari vamene parufu rwazvo. Savakadaro, ivo vainamatwa asi vaityiwawo. Kutanga, kwaidavirwa kuti, masimba avo okubereka akanga asati ari evatano. Ipapo, mukuwirirana nengano, ivo vakabereka Baba Vedenga vechirume ndokuva mudzimai wavo. Ava vaviri vakabereka vamwe vamwari navamwarikadzi vasingaverengeki.

Mufananidzo weBhabhironi

Muvamwari veBhabhironi, Ishtar akanga ari mwarikadzi mukuru, akafanana namwarikadzi woruzvaro weSumeria Innanna. Mukupesana, iye akanga ari zvose zviri zviviri mwarikadzi wehondo namwarikadzi worudo nemifarwa. Mubhuku rake rinonzi Les Religions de Babylonie et d’Assyrie (Marudzidziso eBhabhironia neAsiria), nyanzvi yeFrance Édouard Dhorme yakati nezvaIshtar: “Iye akanga ari mwarikadzi, mukadzi, mai vane ngoni vanoteerera munyengetero ndokureverera pamberi pavamwari vakatsamwa uye anovadzikamisa. . . . Iye akakwidziridzwa pamusoro pavose, iye akava mwarikadzi wavamwarikadzi, mambokadzi wavamwari vose, changamire wavamwari vokudenga napasi.”

Vanamati vaIshtar vaimudana se“Mhandara,” “Mhandara Tsvene,” uye “Mai Mhandara.” “Munyengetero Wamariro Kuna Ishtar” weSumeria neAkkadia wekare unoti: “Ndinonyengetera kwamuri, Haiwa Mukadzi wavakadzi, mwarikadzi wavamwarikadzi. Haiwa Ishtar, mambokadzi wavanhu vose. . . . Haiwa muridzi wesimba rose roumwari, anopfeka korona youdzori. . . . Nzvimbo dzokunamatira, nzvimbo tsvene, nzvimbo dzinoyera, uye nzvimbo dzinokudzwa zvinoteerera imi. . . . Ndokupiko kusingaitwi mifananidzo yenyu? . . . Ndioneiwo Haiwa Mukadzi wangu; gamuchirai minyengetero yangu.”a

Kunamatwa kwaMai-Mwarikadzi Kunopararira

Édouard Dhorme wezvokuMabvazuva anotaura nezve“futunuko yokunamatwa kwaIshtar.” Kwakapararira muMesopotamia mose, uye Ishtar amene kana kuti vamwarikadzi vane mazita akasiana-siana asi vane mavara akafanana vainamatwa muEgipita, Fenike, uye Kanani, pamwe chete nomuAnatolia (Asia Minor), Girisi, uye Itaria.

Mai-mwarikadzi mukuru ainamatwa muEgipita akanga ari Isis. Wezvenhau H. G. Wells akanyora, kuti: “Isis akakwezva vazvipiri vakawanda, avo vaipikira upenyu hwavo kwaari. Mifananidzo yake yaimira mutembere, yakapfekedzwa korona saMambokadzi weDenga uye yakatakura mucheche Horus mumaoko ake. Makanduru aipenya uye ainyunguruka pamberi pake, uye zvipiriso zvokuzadzika mhiko zvakagadzirwa nenamo zvakanga zvakaturikwa pose pose munzvimbo inokudzwa.” (The Outline of History) Kunamatwa kwaIsis kwakanga kwakakurumbira zvakanyanya muEgipita. Kwakapararirawo munharaunda yose yeMediterranean, zvikurukuru kusvikira kuGirisi neRoma, kunyange kusvika kuEurope yokumadokero neyokuchamhembe.

MuFenike neKanani, kunamatwa kwamai-mwarikadzi kwakanangidzira ngwariro pana Ashtoreth, kana kuti Astarte, aitaurwa kuva mudzimai waBhaari. Kufanana nomubiyake weBhabhironi, Ishtar, iye akanga ari zvose zviri zviviri mwarikadzi woruzvaro nehondo. MuEgipita manyoro akare akawanwa umo Astarte anodanwa kuti mukadzi wedenga namambokadzi wamatenga. VaIsraeri vaifanira kurwisana nguva dzose nepesvedzero inonyadzisa yokunamatwa kwamwarikadzi iyeyu woruzvaro.

Kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero muAnatolia, akaenzana naIshtar akanga ari Cybele, aizivikanwa saMai Mukuru wavamwari. Iye aidanwawo kuti Mubereki waVose, Mudyisi waVose, Mai wavose Vakakomborerwa. Chichibva Anatolia chitendero chaCybele chakatanga kupararira chichienda kuGirisi uye ipapo kuRoma, kwachakapukunyuka ndokupinda chaizvo muNguva yedu yaVose. Kunamatwa kwamwarikadzi iyeyu woruzvaro kwaibatanidza kudzana kwoupengo, kuzvikuvadza kunoitwa navaprista, kuzvitema kunoitwa navanoda kuva vaprista, uye kufora umo chidhori chamwarikadzi chaitakurwa mumbiri huru.b

VaGiriki vechinyakare vainamata mwarikadzi Mai-Vapasi ainzi Gaea. Asi vamwari vavo vakasvika pakubatanidza vamwarikadzi vorudzi rwaIshtar, vakadai saAphrodite, mwarikadzi woruzvaro norudo; Athena, mwarikadzi wehondo; uye Demeter, mwarikadzi wezvokurima.

MuRoma, Venus akanga ari mwarikadzi worudo uye, saakadaro, aiwirirana naAphrodite wechiGiriki naIshtar weBhabhironi. VaRoma, zvisinei, vainamatawo vamwarikadzi Isis, Cybele, uye Minerva (Athena wechiGiriki), vose vavo vairatidzira munzira yakati mufananidzo mukuru wechiBhabhironi Ishtar.

Nenzira yakajeka, kwezviuru zvamakore, kunamatwa kwamai-mwarikadzi kwakanga kuri mukwikwidzi ane simba wokunamatwa kwakachena kwoMusiki mukuru, Jehovha. Kunamatwa kwamai-mwarikadzi mukuru kwakaparara here? Kana kuti kwakapukunyuka kusvikira kuzuva rino here? Tapota pfuurira kurava.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 3]

ISHTAR weBhabhironi anoratidzirwa senyeredzi

[Kwazvakatorwa]

Courtesy of The British Museum

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 4]

ISIS weEgipita namwari mucheche Horus

[Kwazvakatorwa]

Musée du Louvre, Paris