ChiKristudhomu Uye Kutenga Nokutengesa Varanda
MUKATI mezana ramakore rechi 19, vafundisi veKaturike nevePurotesitendi vakanga vakabatana muchishoro chavo kukutenga nokutengesa varanda. Zvisinei, ichocho chakanga chave chisati chiri chimiro chavo nguva dzose. Mumazana amakore akapfuura, ivo vakatendera uye vakatora rutivi mukutenga nokutengesa varanda pasinei zvapo nokutambura kunotyisa ikoku kwaiparira.
Vafundisi vakatanga kuuya kumhenderekedzo yegungwa yokumabvazuva pamwe chete nemhenderekedzo yegungwa yokumadokero dzeAfrica apo nzira yokutenga yokufamba nomugungwa nokuCape yeGood Hope yakawanwa muzana ramakore rechi 15. Pashure pamazana amakore matatu, zvisinei, basa roufundisi muAfrica rakanga rodokusvika kumugumo. Makanga mune vatendeuki vashomanene veAfrica. Chikonzero chimwe cheiyi kundikano yakanga iri batanidzwo yechiKristudhomu nokutenga nokutengesa varanda. C. P. Groves anotsanangura muThe Planting of Christianity in Africa:
“Kurondwa kwokushingaira kwokutenga nokutengesa varanda kwakaperekedza mishoni yechiKristu uye hakuna kufungwa kuva kusina kururama. Zvamazvirokwazvo, mishoni imene yaiva navaranda vayo imene; panogara vaJesuit paLoanda [zvino Luanda, dzimbahwe reAngola] pakapiwa vane 12 000. Apo kutenga nokutengesa varanda kwakatangwa pakati peAngola neBrazil, bhishopi weLoanda, ari pachigaro chebwe parutivi pepanomira ngarava, akaisa chikomborero chake chabhishopi pangarava dzinotakura zvinhu dzakanga dzoenda, achidzipikira mufarwa womunguva yemberi apo miedzo yakaipa youpenyu yaizopera.”
Vafundisi veJesuit havana kumutsa “chirambidzo chokurwisana nouranda hwamaNegro,” anosimbisa kudaro C. R. Boxer sezvakanokorwa mashoko mubhuku rinonzi Africa From Early Times to 1800. MuLuanda, varanda vasati vakwira ngarava dzaienda kunyika dzehurumende yokumwe dzeSpain nePortugal, anowedzera kudaro Boxer, “vaiendeswa kuchechi iri pedyo . . . uye ikoko vaibhapatidzwa nomuprista woruwa mumapoka ezana panguva.” Ipapo, pashure pokusaswa ne“mvura tsvene,” varanda vaiudzwa, kuti: “Tarirai imi vanhu matova vana vaMwari; muri kuenda kunyika yavaSpain kwamuchadzidza zvinhu zvoKutenda. Musasafungezve pamusoro pokwamakabva . . . Endai nomufaro.”
Chokwadika, vafundisi vechiKristudhomu vakanga vasiri voga mukutendera kutenga nokutengesa varanda. “Kutozosvikira pahafu yokupedzisira yezana ramakore regumi nerechisere,” anotsanangura Geoffrey Moorhouse mubhuku rake The Missionaries, “yakanga iri nzira yenyika yose.” Moorhouse anodudza muenzaniso womufundisi wePurotesitendi wezana ramakore rechi 18, Thomas Thompson, uyo akanyora turakiti rine musoro unoti The African Trade for Negro Slaves Shown to Be Consistent With the Principles of Humanity and With the Laws of Revealed Religion.
Kunyanguvezvo, kupfurikidza nokutora rutivi kwacho chiKristudhomu chinogoverana mutoro wokutambura kunotyisa kwakaitirwa mamirioni avaranda veAfrica. “Kunze kwavaranda vakafa vasati vaenda negungwa vachibva Africa,” inodaro The Encyclopædia Britannica, “12 1/2% vairasika mukati mokuenda kwavo kuWest Indies; paJamaica 4 1/2% vakafa vari muzviteshi zvengarava kana kuti vasati vatengeswa uye vamwe vane chikamu chimwe muzvitatu mu‘kurapwa kwavasviki vatsva kuvaita vave varanda vakakodzera.’”
Nokukurumidza Jehovha Mwari achaita kuti zvose zviri zviviri chiKristudhomu nezvimwe zvimiro zvorudzidziso rwenhema zvizvidavirire nokuda kwamabasa ose anotyisa ane chishava azvakafuratira uye kunyange kukomborera.—Zvakazarurwa 18:8, 24.
[Mufananidzo uri papeji 8]
(Kana uchida mashoko azere, ona bhuku racho)
Mufananidzo unoratidza nzira iyo varanda vaitutirwa nayo mungarava yavaranda
[Kwazvakatorwa]
Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture / The New York Public Library / Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations