Dhariusi—Mambo Aiva Nepfungwa Yokururamisira

ACHITAURA nezvemabasa okuvaka aakanga atanga, mumwe mambo akakurumbira akazvirova dundundu achiti: “Pakuvharwa kweBhabhironi ndakaita madziro akasimba okuvhara nawo nechokumabvazuva. Ndakachera mugero wakadzama . . . Ndakavaka nebhitumini nezvidhina madziro makuru, asingagoni kubviswa, kufanana negomo.” Hungu, Mambo weBhabhironi Nebhukadhinezari akanga apinda muchirongwa chikuru chokuvaka uye akanga ashanda zvakaoma kuti asimbise guta guru roumambo hwake. Asi guta reBhabhironi harina kumbova risingakundiki sezvaakanga afungidzira.

Izvi zvakaratidzwa musi wa5 October, 539 B.C.E. Achiperekedzwa neuto reMedhia, mutongi wePersia Koreshi II panguva iyoyo akakurira Bhabhironi ndokuuraya mutongi waro wechiKadhea, Bershazari. Ndiani zvino aizova mambo wokutanga weguta iri rakanga richangobva kukurirwa? Muporofita waMwari Dhanieri, akanga ari muguta racho parakakurirwa, akanyora kuti: “Dhariusi muMedhia akapiwa ushe, ane makore anenge makumi matanhatu nemaviri.”—Dhanieri 5:30, 31.

Dhariusi akanga ari ani? Akava mutongi werudzii? Akabata sei muporofita Dhanieri, akanga akatapwa muBhabhironi kwemakore anopfuura 70?

MAMBO ASINGATAURWI ZVAKAWANDA NEZVAKE

Mashoko anotaura nezvaDhariusi muMedhia haana kuwanda. VaMedhia havana kumbosiya kana zvinyorwa zvakanyorwa. Uyezve, mazana ezviuru emahwendefa ecuneiform akacherwa kuMiddle East anotaura nhau isina kukwana ine zvakawanda zvisimo. Zvimwe zvinyorwa zvenyika zvekare zvakapukunyuka zvishoma uye zvakaparadzana nezviitiko zvinobatanidza Dhariusi nemakore zana kana kuti kupfuura.

Kunyange zvakadaro, uchapupu hunokarakadza kuti apedza kutapa Ecbatana, guta guru reMedhia, mutongi wePersia Koreshi II akakwanisa kuita kuti avimbwe nevaMedhia. Zvadaro, vaMedhia nevaPersia vakarwa vakabatana vachitungamirirwa naye. Achitaura nezvekuwirirana kwavo, munyori Robert Collins akatsinhira mubhuku rake rinonzi The Medes and Persians kuti: “VaMedhia vakanga vakaenzana nevaPersia murugare. Vaiwanzoiswa munzvimbo dzapamusoro muhurumende yevaigaramo nenzvimbo dzokutungamira muuto rePersia. Vokudzimwe nyika vaitaura nezvevaMedhia nevaPersia, vasingasiyanisi vakakurirwa nevakakurira.” Nokudaro vaMedhia vakabatana nevaPersia kuti vaumbe Umambo hweMedhia nePersia.—Dhanieri 5:28; 8:3, 4, 20.

Chokwadi vaMedhia vakaita rutivi rukuru mukukurirwa kweBhabhironi. Magwaro anoti “Dhariusi mwanakomana waAhasuerosi, worudzi rwavaMedhia” ndiye akanga ari mambo wokutanga weUmambo hweMedhia nePersia kutonga Bhabhironi. (Dhanieri 9:1) Simba rake rokuva mambo raibatanidza chiremera chokuisa mitemo “nomurayiro wavaMedhia nevaPersia usingashandurwi.” (Dhanieri 6:8) Zvinotaura Bhaibheri nezvaDhariusi zvinoitawo kuti tione zvishoma unhu hwake pamwe chete nechikonzero chakajeka chokushayikwa kwemashoko anotaura nezvake.

DHANIERI ANOITIRWA NYASHA

Achangotanga kutonga muBhabhironi, Dhariusi akagadza “machinda ane zana nemakumi maviri paushe hwake, vaifanira kuva paushe hwose;” rinodaro Bhaibheri, “pamusoro pavo wakagadza vakuru vatatu, Dhanieri ari mumwe wavo.” (Dhanieri 6:1, 2) Zvisinei, nzvimbo yepamusoro yaDhanieri haina kumbofadza vamwe vakuru vakuru. Pasina mubvunzo kutendeka kwake kwaizodzivisa uori, zvimwe zvichizoparira kutsamwa. Vakuru vakuru vanofanira kuva vakapesvedzerwawo neshanje, sezvo mambo aida Dhanieri uye akafunga nezvokumuita mutungamiri wehurumende.

Vachikarira kugumisa zvinhu izvi, vakuru vakuru vaviri nemachinda vakaronga kumuteya zviri pamutemo. Vakaenda kuna mambo ndokuita kuti asayine murayiro waizorambidza ku“kumbira chinhu kuna mwari upi noupi kana munhu upi noupi” kunze kwaDhariusi kwemazuva 30. Vakaronga kuti chero munhu upi zvake aiuputsa aifanira kukandirwa mugomba reshumba. Dhariusi akaitwa kuti adavire kuti murayiro wakadaro waizofarirwa nevakuru vakuru vose vehurumende vaiva nezvinzvimbo zvapamusoro, uye zvakanga zvarongwa zvakaita sokuti kuratidzira kuvimbika kwavo kuna mambo.—Dhanieri 6:1-3, 6-8.

Dhariusi akasayina murayiro wacho uye nenguva isipi akanangana nezvawakazoparira. Dhanieri ndiye akatanga kuputsa murayiro wacho, sezvaakapfuurira kunyengetera kuna Jehovha Mwari. (Enzanisa naMabasa 5:29.) Dhanieri akatendeka akakandwa mugomba reshumba pasinei zvapo nenhamburiko dzechokwadi dzamambo dzokutsvaka nzira yokukonesa nayo murayiro wacho wakanga usingachinjiki. Dhariusi akataura kuti aivimba kuti Mwari waDhanieri akanga ane simba rokuchengeta muporofita wake ari mupenyu.—Dhanieri 6:9-17.

Apedza usiku hwose asina kurara achitsanya, Dhariusi akamhanyira kugomba reshumba. Akafara sei kuona Dhanieri ari mupenyu uye asina kukuvadzwa! Kuti arange nenzira yekururamisira, mambo akabva angoita kuti vapomeri vaDhanieri nemhuri dzavo vakandirwe mugomba reshumba. Akapawo murayiro wokuti ‘panyika yose youshe hwake vanhu vose vadedere vatye pamberi paMwari waDhanieri.’—Dhanieri 6:18-27.

Zvakajeka kuti Dhariusi akaremekedza Mwari waDhanieri nechitendero uye akanga achidisisa kururamisa chakaipa. Asi, kuranga vapomeri vaDhanieri kunofanira kuva kwakaita kuti vakuru vakuru vakanga vasara vashatirwe. Uyezve, kuzivisa kwaDhariusi kuti vose vaiva muumambo hwacho ‘vatye pamberi paMwari waDhanieri’ kunofanira kuva kwakaparira ruvengo rukuru pakati pevafundisi vaiva nesimba veBhabhironi. Vanyori sezvavakanga vapesvedzerwa zvechokwadi nezvinhu izvi, hazvingashamisi kana zvinyorwa zvenyika zvakachinjwa kuti vabvise mashoko anotaura nezvaDhariusi. Asi, nhoroondo pfupi iri mubhuku raDhanieri inoratidza Dhariusi somutongi ane pfungwa yekusasarura nekururamisira.