Chiuru Chemakore Chechitatu Chinovamba Rini?

WATI wanzwa kutaura kwekuti chiuru chemakore chechitatu hachisi kuzovamba mugore ra2000 asi kuti mugore ra2001 here? Kutaura ikoko kwakarurama—zvishoma. Kana tikafungidzira kuti Jesu akaberekwa mune rava kuzivikanwa segore ra1 B.C.E., sezvakambotaurwa nevamwe, ipapo December 31, 2000 (kwete 1999), ndipo pachaperera chiuru chemakore chechipiri, uye January 1, 2001, ndipo pachavambira chechitatu.a Zvisinei, nhasi dzinenge nyanzvi dzose dzinobvumirana kuti Jesu Kristu haana kuberekwa muna 1 B.C.E. Saka, zvino akaberekwa rini?

Jesu Akaberekwa Rini?

Bhaibheri haritauri musi chaiwo wakaberekwa Jesu. Zvisinei, rinotaura kuti akaberekwa “mumazuva aHerodhi mambo.” (Mateu 2:1) Nyanzvi zhinji dzeBhaibheri dzinodavira kuti Herodhi akafa mugore ra4 B.C.E. uye kuti Jesu akanga atoberekwa—zvimwe muna 5 kana kuti 6 B.C.E. Vanotora zvavanotaura nezverufu rwaHerodhi pamashoko emunyori wenhau wechiJudha wezana remakore rekutanga Flavius Josephus.b

Maererano naJosephus, chinguva chiduku Mambo Herodhi asati afa, mwedzi wakaora. Nyanzvi dzeBhaibheri dzinotaura nezvekuora zvishoma kwemwedzi kwakaitika musi waMarch 11, 4 B.C.E., seuchapupu hwekuti Herodhi anofanira kuva akafa mugore iroro. Zvisinei, mugore ra1 B.C.E., mwedzi wakaora wose musi waJanuary 8 uye musi waDecember 27 wakaora zvishoma. Hapana angataura kana Josephus akanga achitaura nezvekuora kwemwedzi kwemuna 1 B.C.E. kana kuti kwemuna 4 B.C.E. Saka hatigoni kushandisa mashoko aJosephus kuti titaure gore chairoiro rakafa Herodhi. Kunyange dai taigona, tisina mamwe mashoko taisagona kuziva kuti Jesu akaberekwa rini.

Uchapupu hwakasimba chaizvo hwatiinahwo hwemusi wakaberekwa Jesu hunobva muBhaibheri. Nhoroondo yakafuridzirwa inoti hama yaJesu Johani Mubhabhatidzi akavamba basa rake semuprofita mugore rechi15 raMambo weRoma Tibheriyo Kesari. (Ruka 3:1, 2) Nhau yenyika inotsigira kuti Tibheriyo akaitwa mambo musi waSeptember 15, 14 C.E., saka gore rake rechi15 raizobva mukupera kwa28 C.E. kusvika kunopera kwa29 C.E. Johani akatanga ushumiri hwake munguva iyoyo, uye Jesu sezviri pachena akatanga ushumiri hwake mwedzi mitanhatu gare gare. (Ruka 1:24-31) Izvi, zvichibatanidzwa nehumwe uchapupu, zvinoratidza kuti kutanga kweushumiri hwaJesu kwaiva mukupera kwa29 C.E.c Bhaibheri rinoti Jesu “akanga ava nemakore anenge makumi matatu” paakavamba ushumiri hwake. (Ruka 3:23) Kana aiva nemakore 30 mukupera kwa29 C.E., anofanira kuva akaberekwa mukupera kwa2 B.C.E. Zvino, kana tikaverenga tichienda mberi makore ane zviuru zviviri kubva mukupera kwa2 B.C.E. (tichiyeuka kuti kwakanga kusina gore rainzi zero; saka kubva muna 2 B.C.E. kusvika muna 1 C.E. makore maviri), tinowana kuti chiuru chemakore chechipiri chakapera uye chiuru chemakore chechitau chakavamba mukupera kwa1999!

Izvozvo zvine basa here? Somuenzaniso, kutanga kwechiuru chemakore chechitatu kucharatidza kuvamba kweKutonga kwaMakore Ane Chiuru kwaJesu Kristu, kunotaurwa mubhuku reBhaibheri raZvakazarurwa here? Kwete. Bhaibheri hapana parinoratidza kubatana kuripo pakati pechiuru chemakore chechitatu neKutonga kwaMakore Ane Chiuru kwaKristu.

Jesu akanyevera vateveri vake kuti vasafungidzire misi. Akaudza vadzidzi vake kuti: “Hazvisi zvenyu kuti muzive nezvenguva kana mwaka zvakaiswa naBaba musimba ravo.” (Mabasa 1:7) Jesu akanga amboratidza kuti kunyange iye akanga asingazivi apo Mwari aizotonga gadziriro ino yakaipa, achivhura nzira yeKutonga kwaMakore Ane Chiuru kwaKristu. Akati: “Hapana munhu anoziva pamusoro pezuva iroro neawa, kunyange ngirozi dzokumatenga kana Mwanakomana, asi Baba bedzi.”—Mateu 24:36.

Zvine musoro here kutarisira kuti Kristu achadzoka makore 2 000 chaiwo kubva musi waakaberekwa semunhu? Kwete, hazvina. Jesu anofanira kuva aiziva musi wekuberekwa kwake. Uye zvechokwadi aiziva kuverenga makore 2 000 kubva pamusi iwoyo. Asi, akanga asingazivi zuva kana awa yokuuya kwake. Zviri pachena kuti zvaisava nyore kududza zvakananga musi wokudzoka kwake! ‘Nguva uye mwaka’ zvaiva musimba raBaba—nguva yakatarwa yavanoziva voga.

Uyezve, Jesu haana kurayira vateveri vake kuti vamumirire pane imwe nzvimbo yakati. Akavaudza, kuti vasaungane ndokumirira, asi kupararira “kusvikira kurutivi rwuri kure zvikuru rwepasi” ndokuita vanhu vemarudzi ose vadzidzi. Haana kuchinja murayiro iwoyo.—Mabasa 1:8; Mateu 28:19, 20.

Tarisiro Dzavo Dzemakore Ane Chiuru Dzichashaya Basa Here?

Kunyange zvakadaro, vamwe vezvechitendero vanonyanyisa vane tarisiro huru dzegore ra2000. Vanodavira kuti mumwedzi mishoma iri kutevera, zvikamu zvebhuku raZvakazarurwa zvichazadzika chaizvoizvo. Zvechokwadi, vanozviona pachavo vachibatanidzwa mukuzadzika kwakadaro. Somuenzaniso, vanotaura nezveuprofita hwakanyorwa pana Zvakazarurwa 11:3, 7, 8, hunotaura nezvezvapupu zviviri zvinoprofita mu“guta guru rinonzi Sodhomu neIjipiti mupfungwa yomudzimu, umo Ishe wazvo akarovererwawo.” Pazvinopedza kupupura kwazvo, zvapupu zviviri izvi zvinourayiwa nechikara chinotyisa chinobuda mugomba rakadzika-dzika.

Maererano nomushumo uri muThe New York Times Magazine yaDecember 27, 1998, mutungamiriri werimwe boka rechitendero “akaudza vateveri vake kuti iye mumwe wezvapupu zviviri uyo akatemerwa kuti azozivisa kuparadzwa kwepasi uye kuuya kwaShe—obva aurayiwa naSatani mumigwagwa yemuJerusarema.” Nenzira inonzwisisika zviremera zvemuIsrael zviri kunetseka. Zvinotya kuti vamwe vanonyanyisa vangaedza “kuzadzika” uprofita hwacho pachavo—kunyange izvozvi zvingareva kumutsa chimurenga chezvombo! Zvisinei, Mwari haadi “kubatsirwa” nemunhu kuti azadzike chinangwa chake. Uprofita hwose huri muBhaibheri huchazadzika munguva yaMwari pachake uye munzira yake pachake.

Bhuku raZvakazarurwa rakanyorwa “muzviratidzo.” Maererano naZvakazarurwa 1:1, Jesu aida kuzivisa “varanda vake” (kwete nyika yose zvayo) zvaizoitika nokukurumidza. Kuti vanzwisise bhuku raZvakazarurwa, varanda vaKristu, kana kuti vateveri, vaizoda mudzimu mutsvene waMwari, uyo Jehovha anopa kune vanomufadza. Kana bhuku raZvakazarurwa richizonzwisiswa sezvariri, kunyange vanhu vasina kutenda vangarirava vakarinzwisisa. Ipapo vaKristu havazofaniri kunyengeterera mudzimu mutsvene kuti varinzwisise.—Mateu 13:10-15.

Taona kuti maererano nouchapupu huri muBhaibheri, chiuru chemakore chechitatu kubva pakuberekwa kwaJesu chinovamba mukupera kwa1999 uye kuti musi iwowo kana kuti January 1, 2000, kana kuti January 1, 2001, hauna zvinokosha zvaunoreva. Kunyange zvakadaro, kune chiuru chemakore chinofadza vaKristu zvikuru. Kana chisiri chiuru chemakore chechitatu, ndechipi? Nyaya yokupedzisira mune idzi ichapindura mubvunzo uyu.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]

[Bhokisi riri papeji 5]

2000 Kana Kuti 2001?

Kuti unzwisise kuti nei vamwe vachiti chiuru chemakore chechitatu kubva pakaberekwa Jesu chichatanga musi waJanuary 1, 2001, funga nezvemuenzaniso uyu. Ngatitii uri kurava bhuku rine mapeji 200. Paunosvika kumusoro kwepeji 200, wapedza kurava mapeji 199, uchiri neimwe peji yokurava. Haupedzi kurava bhuku iri kusvika wasvika panoperera peji 200. Nenzira yakafanana, makore 999 echiuru chino chemakore, sezvinozivikanwa nevakawanda, achave apera musi waDecember 31, 1999, kwasara rimwe gore kusvika panozoperera chiuru chino chemakore. Tichifunga neiyi nzira, chiuru chemakore chechitatu chichavamba musi waJanuary 1, 2001. Zvisinei, izvi hazvirevi kuti pamusi uyu makore 2 000 chaiwo achave apera kubva pakaberekwa Jesu, sezvinoratidzwa nenyaya ino.

[Bhokisi riri papeji 6]

Kuverenga Nguva Kunonzi B.C.-A.D. Kwakatanga Sei?

Pakuvamba muzana remakore rechitanhatu C.E., Pope John I akapa basa mumwe mumongi ainzi Dionysius Exiguus kuti atange nzira yokuverenga nayo nguva yaizoita kuti machechi agone kutara zuva repamutemo reIsita.

Dionysius akatanga basa. Akaverenga nguva achidzokera kumashure, kudarika zuva rokufa kwaJesu, kusvika pane raakafunga kuti ndiro zuva rakaberekwa Jesu; uye ipapo akatanga kuverenga gore rimwe nerimwe achienda mberi kubva ipapo. Dionysius akati nguva yokubva pakaberekwa Jesu ndeye“A.D.” (Anno Domini—“mugore raShe wedu.”) Nepo aingoda hake kutanga nzira yakavimbika yekuverenga nguva yeIsita gore rimwe nerimwe, Dionysius asingazivi akatanga nzira yokuverenga makore kubva pakaberekwa Kristu zvichienda mberi.

Kunyange zvazvo nyanzvi zhinji dzichibvumirana kuti Jesu haana kuberekwa mugore rakashandiswa naDionysius sehwaro hwekuverenga kwake, nzira yake yokuverenga nguva inoita kuti tigone kuziva zvakaitika mukufamba kwenguva uye kuona kubatana kwazvakaita nechimwe nechimwe.