Vafundisi Vanofanira Kuparidza Zvematongerwe Enyika Here?
“KUPINDIRA mune zvematongerwe enyika kunogona kubatsira varombo, akadaro bhishopu mukuru wokuCanada achiudza vaya vanoenda kunzvimbo tsvene kunonamata . . . Kunyange zvazvo vezvematongerwe enyika vasingaratidziki kuti vari kuita kuda kwaMwari, ‘tinofanira kupindira kuti tiruramisire varombo.’”—Catholic News.
Mishumo yevatungamiriri vechitendero vanotaura vachitsigira kupindira mune zvematongerwe enyika haishamisi; uyewo hazvishamisi kuti vatungamiriri vechitendero vave nezvinzvimbo mune zvematongerwe enyika. Vamwe vakaedza kugadzirisa zvematongwerwe enyika. Vamwe vanoyemurwa uye vanoyeukwa nokutsvaka rutsigiro panhau dzakadai sokuenzana kwemarudzi uye kurambidzwa kwouranda.
Zvisinei, vazhinji vanoenda kuchechi havanzwi zvakanaka vafundisi vavo pavanotsigira nyaya dzezvematongerwe enyika. “VaPurotesitendi ndivo vaimbova nemibvunzo nezvokupindira mune zvematongerwe enyika kwevafundisi vavo,” yakadaro imwe nyaya yomuChristian Century pamusoro pedzidzo yezvematongerwe enyika. Vanhu vakawanda vechitendero vanofunga kuti chechi inzvimbo tsvene chaizvo kuti iitirwe zvematongerwe enyika.
Izvi zvinomutsa mibvunzo inonakidza inokosheswa nevose vanofarira kuona nyika yakanaka. Vafundisi vechiKristu vangagadzirisa zvematongerwe enyika here?a Kuparidza zvematongerwe enyika ndiyo nzira yaMwari yokuunza nayo hurumende uye nyika iri nani here? ChiKristu chakatanga senzira itsva yokuita zvematongerwe enyika here?
Kutanga Kwakaita Vafundisi Kupindira Mune Zvematongerwe Enyika
Mubhuku rinonzi The Early Church, munyori wezvakaitika kare Henry Chadwick anoti ungano yechiKristu yekare yaizivikanwa “nokusava neshungu nezvezvinzvimbo mune zvenyika ino.” Yaiva nzanga “isiri yezvematongerwe enyika, yaiva norugare, uye yaiva norunyararo.” Bhuku rinonzi A History of Christianity rinoti: “VaKristu vainzwa kuti hapana mumwe wavo aifanira kuva nechinzvimbo muhurumende . . . Kunyange pakunotanga kwezana remakore rechitatu, Hippolytus akataura kuti tsika yechiKristu yakanga yakakurumbira yairayira kuti mutongi asiye chinzvimbo chebasa kana aida kuva nhengo yeChechi.” Zvisinei, zvishoma nezvishoma, varume vaikara zvinzvimbo vakatanga kutungamirira muungano dzakawanda vachizvipa mazita okuremekedza. (Mabasa 20:29, 30) Vamwe vaida zvose kuva vatungamiriri vechitendero uye kupindira mune zvematongerwe enyika. Kuchinja kwakaitika nokukurumidza muhurumende yeRoma kwakapa vafundisi ivavo mukana wavaida.
Mugore ra312 C.E., Constantine, Mambo wechihedheni weRoma akatanga kufarira vaya vaiva vaKristu zvezita. Zvinoshamisa kuti mabhishopu echechi aigutsikana nokubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira namambo wechihedheni pamusana pezvavaipiwa naye. Henry Chadwick akanyora kuti, “Chechi yakaramba ichiwedzera kubatanidzwa zvikuru muzvirongwa zvinokosha zvematongerwe enyika.” Kubatanidzwa mune zvematongerwe enyika kwevafundisi kwakaguma nei?
Kuchinja Kwakaitwa Vafundisi Nezvematongerwe Enyika
Pfungwa yokuti Mwari aizoshandisa vafundisi mune zvematongerwe enyika yakanyanya kutsigirwa naAugustine, mufundisi weKaturike aiva nomukurumbira womuzana remakore rechishanu. Aifunga nezvechechi ichitonga marudzi uye ichiunzira vanhu rugare. Asi munyori wezvakaitika kare H. G. Wells akati: “Nhau dzakaitika muEurope kubva muzana remakore rechishanu kusvika mune rechigumi nemashanu inhau, zvikurukuru dzokukundikana kweiyi pfungwa huru yokuti hurumende yaMwari itonge.” ChiKristudhomu hachina kuunza rugare kunyange kuEurope, ndoda nyika yose. Chaionekwa sechiKristu chakanga chisisakoshi kune vakawanda. Chii chakakanganisika?
Vakawanda vaizviti vanoparidza chiKristu vakapindira mune zvematongerwe enyika vaine vavariro dzakanaka, asi vakazozviwana vachibatanidzwa muzvinhu zvakaipa. Martin Luther, muparidzi nomushanduri weBhaibheri, ane mukurumbira wokuedza kwaakaita kuchinja Chechi yeKaturike. Zvisinei, kushinga kwake kusabvumirana nedzidziso dzechechi kwakaita kuti afarirwe nevaya vaiva nevavariro dzezvematongerwe enyika dzokupandukira. Luther haana kuzoremekedzwa nevakawanda paakatanga kutaurawo maonero ake panyaya dzezvematongerwe enyika. Pakutanga aifarira vanhuwo zvavo vakanga vachipandukira vanhu vepamusoro vaidzvinyirira. Zvadaro, kupandukira kwacho pakwakazova nechisimba, akakurudzira vanhu vepamusoro kuti vakupedze, vachibva vaita izvozvo, vachiuraya vanhu vakawanda. Hazvishamisi kuti vanhuwo zvavo ava vakamuti mutengesi. Luther akakurudzira vanhu vepamusoro mukupandukira kwavowo mambo weKaturike. Chokwadi, vateveri vaLuther vakazozivikanwa sevaPurotesitendi, vakaumba sangano rezvematongerwe enyika kubvira pakutanga. Kuva nesimba kwakaita kuti Luther aite sei? Kwakamuita kuti ave nouori. Somuenzaniso, kunyange zvazvo pakutanga aishora kumanikidza vaitsoropodza chitendero, akazenge ava kukurudzira shamwari dzake dzezvematongerwe enyika kuti dziuraye dzichiita zvokupisa vaya vaishora kubhabhatidzwa kwevacheche.
John Calvin aiva mufundisi akakurumbira muGeneva, asi akazovawo nesimba rinotyisa mune zvematongerwe enyika. Michael Servetus paakaratidza kuti Utatu hahutsigirwi neMagwaro, Calvin akashandisa simba rake rezvematongerwe enyika kutsigira kuurayiwa kwaServetus, uyo akapisirwa padanda. Kutsauka kunototyisa padzidziso dzaJesu!
Zvichida varume ava vakakanganwa zvinotaurwa neBhaibheri pana 1 Johani 5:19, zvinoti: “Nyika yose iri musimba rewakaipa.” Vaiva nechido chomwoyo wose chokugadzirisa zvematongerwe enyika zvomuzuva ravo, kana kuti vakakwezvwa nokuda simba uye kuva neshamwari dzepamusoro here? Pasinei neizvi zvose, vaifanira kunge vakayeuka mashoko akafuridzirwa aJakobho, mudzidzi waJesu, anoti: “Hamuzivi here kuti kushamwaridzana nenyika kuvengana naMwari? Naizvozvo, munhu wose anoda kuva shamwari yenyika anozviita muvengi waMwari.” (Jakobho 4:4) Jakobho aiziva kuti Jesu akanga ambotaura nezvevateveri vake kuti: “Havasi rutivi rwenyika, seni ndisiri rutivi rwenyika.”—Johani 17:14.
Kunyange zvazvo vakawanda vachiziva kuti vaKristu havafaniri kuva nechokuita nouipi hwenyika, havadi kusiyana nayo, zvechokwadi kusava “rutivi rwenyika.” Vanotaura kuti kusava nokwawakarerekera kwakadaro kunotadzisa vaKristu kunyatsoratidza vamwe rudo. Vanodavira kuti vatungamiriri vemachechi vanofanira kutaura maonero avo voitawo zvavanogona kurwisana nouori nokusaruramisira. Asi kusava nokwawakarerekera kwakadzidziswa naJesu hakunyatsoenderani nokuva nehanya nevamwe here? MuKristu angakwanisa here kuramba asingapindiri munyaya dzezvematongerwe enyika dzinoparadzanisa asi achibatsira vamwe zviri pachena? Nyaya inotevera inoongorora mibvunzo iyi.
[Mashoko Omuzasi]
a Zvematongerwe enyika zvakatsanangurwa se“zviito zvine chokuita nokutongwa kwenyika kana kuti nharaunda, kunyanya kukurukurirana kana kuti magakava ari pakati pevanhu kana kuti pemasangano ane simba kana kuti anotarisira kuzowana simba rokutonga.”—The New Oxford Dictionary of English.
[Mufananidzo uri papeji 4]
Vatungamiriri vechechi vakabvumirana pane zvisina kufanira nevatongi, vakadai saMambo Constantine, kuti vawane simba rezvematongerwe enyika
[Kwazvakatorwa]
Musée du Louvre, Paris
[Mifananidzo iri papeji 5]
Nei vatungamiriri vechitendero vainyatsozivikanwa vakapindira mune zvematongerwe enyika?
Augustine
Luther
Calvin
[Kwazvakatorwa]
Augustine: ICCD Mufananidzo; Calvin: Mufananidzo naHolbein, kubva mubhuku rinonzi The History of Protestantism (Vol. II)