Ko e Fekumi ki he Folau ʻEa Malu Angé

ʻI HA ngaahi uike siʻi ki muʻa ʻi he Sepitema 11 (9/11), naʻe ongoʻi ai ʻe Alex kuo mei lava ke ne ikunaʻi ʻa e manavahē ʻi he puná. ʻI he mavahe ʻa e vakapuna pāsese naʻá ne heka aí ʻi ha puna mei ʻAtenisi ki Boston, ko e pule taʻu 42 ʻo e ngaahi meʻa fakapuleʻangá naʻe kamata ke ne hokosia ai ha kiʻi ongoʻi ilifia—naʻe kamata ke tā vave ʻa hono mafú pea naʻe pupuhaʻia ʻa hono ongo ʻaofinimá mo e foʻi laʻé.

Ka naʻá ne ʻiloʻi ʻa e meʻa naʻe fiemaʻu ke ne faí. Ko e tokotaha faleʻi faitoʻo naʻe feinga ke ne tokoniʻi ia ke ikuʻi ʻa ʻene manavahē ʻi he puná naʻá ne tala ange kiate ia ke ne mihiʻi lahi ʻene mānavá, sioloto atu ki ha ngaahi tuʻunga lelei, pea piki ke maʻu ʻi he hiliʻanga nima ʻo e seá, ʻo tukuange tuʻo fā ia ʻi he miniti. ʻI he taimi naʻe kamata ke ikuʻi ai ia ʻe he sēlue mo e ngaahi ongo fakatupu ilifiá, naʻe fakakaukau atu ai ʻa Alex naʻá ne ʻi ha anovai nonga. “Naʻá ku fakakaukau kuó u fai ha fakalakalaka moʻoni,” ko e fakamatala ia ʻa Alex.

Ko e laui miliona ʻo e kau pāsese ʻi he ʻeá ne ʻosi ʻi ai ʻenau manavahē ki he puná. ʻI he ngaahi taʻu ki mui ní kuo hanga ai ʻa e tokolahi ki he ngaahi akoʻanga ki he manavahē ʻi he puná ki ha tokoni, ko hono faʻa fakalotoʻi ʻe he ngaahi mēmipa ʻo e fāmilí, kau ngāué, mo e ngaahi kautaha vakapuná, ʻa ia naʻa nau maʻu kotoa ʻa e taumuʻa ke fakaʻaiʻai kinautolu ke puna. Ki he tokolahi taha ʻo e kau pāsesé, naʻe ʻaonga ʻa e ngaahi kalasí; ʻoku talanoa laukauʻaki ʻe he ngaahi kilīniki lahi ʻa e aʻu ʻo e tuʻunga lavameʻá ki he peseti ʻe 90.

Ka naʻe liliu ʻe he 9/11 ʻa e meʻa kotoa ko iá. Naʻe liʻaki leva ʻe Alex ʻa e kalasi naʻá ne kau ki aí. Pea ki he siva ʻo e ʻamanaki ʻa hono pule ngāué, naʻá ne toe liʻaki ʻe ia ʻa e ngaahi palani ke puna ʻo feʻiloaki mo ha kasitomā tuʻu-ki-muʻa ʻoku ʻamanekina. “Ko ʻeku manavahē ʻi he puná fakataha mo e ngaahi ʻohofi fakatautoitoí,” ko e lau ia ʻa Alex, “naʻe mahulu atu ia ʻi heʻeku malava ke fekuki lavameʻa mo iá. Naʻe ʻikai teuʻi au ʻe he faleʻi fakafaitoʻó ki he meʻa ko iá.”

Sivisiviʻi ʻa e Tuʻunga Malú

Ko e kau folau ʻea ko ia ʻoku loto-siʻí ʻoku nau toe fakahaaʻi mai ko e ngaahi fehuʻi anga-maheni ʻoku ʻeke ki he kau pāsese ʻoku heká naʻe fai ia ki he kau puke fakamālohí ʻi he 9/11, hangē ko ení: “Kuo ʻi ai ha taha ʻoku ʻikai te ke ʻiloʻi kuó ne kole atu ke ke toʻotoʻo ha meʻa ʻi he puna ko ení? Kuo ʻi ai ha ngaahi meʻa ʻokú ke folau mo ia ʻoku ʻikai te ke toe lava ʻo mapuleʻi talu ʻa e taimi naʻá ke faʻo ai iá?” ʻOku ʻikai ha veiveiua naʻe fai ʻe he kau puke fakamālohí ʻa e tali ʻoku fai ʻe he tokolahi taha ʻo e kakaí: “ʻIkai!” ʻOku pehē ʻa e sio ʻa e kau leʻo mataotao tokolahi ki he lavameʻa ʻo ʻenau heká ko e fakamoʻoni ia ʻo e taʻefeʻunga ʻo e malu ʻi he folau ʻeá. “Naʻe ʻikai ha taha pe ko ha meʻa naʻe lava ke ne fakamālohiʻi ha liliu,” ko e lau ia ʻa Jim McKenna, ko e talēkita ki muʻa ʻo e Talite ki he Malu ʻa e Ngaahi Vakapuná. “Ko e fakatahaʻi ʻo e vakapuna ʻe fā naʻe puke fakamālohi pea fakaʻauhá, fakataha mo e laui afe naʻe maté, ʻoku feʻunga nai ia ke fakamālohiʻi ai ʻa e liliu ko iá.”

ʻI he nunuʻa ʻo e ngaahi havehave fakatupu mate ko iá, kuo hoko ai ʻa e tafaʻaki kotoa ʻo e malu ʻi he malaʻe vakapuná pea mo e vakapuná ʻo ʻi he malumalu ʻo e sivisiviʻi lahi. ʻI ha fakataha fakafalealea, naʻe pehē ai ʻe he ʻinisipēkita seniale ʻo e Potungāue Fetuʻutaki U.S., ko Kenneth M. Mead: “Neongo ʻa e ngaahi fiemaʻu ʻoku lolotonga ʻi ai mo foʻou ki he malú ʻoku kei ʻi ai pē ʻa e ngaahi taʻemalava fakamanavahē ʻo e malú pea ko e niʻihi . . . ʻoku ala ʻohofí ʻoku fiemaʻu ke ʻai ke malu.” Ko e hā ʻoku fai ke fakafefekaʻi ʻaki ʻa e malú?

Siviʻi ʻa e Ngaahi Fakamanamana ʻe Ala Hoko ki he Malú

ʻI he taimi ʻoku ʻeke ai ki ha ʻōfisa leʻo māʻolunga ʻi ha kautaha vakapuna lahi U.S. pe ʻokú ne ilifia ke puna, ʻokú ne tali toumoua: “ʻIkai, ʻoku ou falala pau ki he CAPS.” Ko ʻene lave ia ki ha sisitemi ʻoku ui ko e Tokoni Fakakomipiuta ki he Sivi ʻo e Pāsesé, ʻa ia ʻokú ne lēsisita ʻa e tikite taki taha ʻoku fakatau atu ʻe he kautaha vakapuna ʻoku nau ngāueʻaki iá. ʻOku fakahaaʻi ʻi he sisitemí pe naʻe fakatau ha tikite mei ha ʻōfisi tikite kautaha vakapuna pe ko ha kautaha fakafofonga folau pe fakafou ʻi he ʻInitanetí. ʻOkú ne lēkooti ʻa e fakamatala moʻoni kehe, pe ko e pāsesé ʻoku puna tokotaha pe fakataha mo e ngaahi mēmipa ʻi he fāmilí pe ngaahi kaungāmeʻa kehe, fakataha mo e ngaahi fakaikiiki hangē ko ha ngaahi fehokotaki faihia ʻiloa pe ngaahi tuʻunga ʻo e ʻulungaanga kovi ki he ngaahi kautaha vakapuná, ko ʻenau kau ngāué, pe ko ʻenau koloá.

ʻI he taimi taki taha ʻoku fakahaaʻi ai ʻa e tikite ʻa ha pāsese ʻi ha malaʻe vakapuná, ʻoku fakapapauʻi mo fakaʻaho ʻa e fakamatala ko ení fakataha mo e fakamatala moʻoni fakamuimui tahá, ʻo kau ai ʻa e tali ʻa e tokotahá ki he ngaahi fehuʻi ʻi hono siví. Ko e ngaahi fakaikiiki tonu mātē ʻo e fakamatala moʻoni naʻe tānakí pea mo e ngaahi founga naʻe ngāueʻaki ki hono faʻu mo hono fakamatalaʻi nounoú ʻoku kei hoko pē ia ko e taha ʻo e ngaahi fakapulipuli leʻohi ofi taha ʻa e kautahá. Ko e ngaahi sisitemi kehekehe meimei tatau mo e CAPS ʻoku ngāueʻaki takatakai ia ʻi he māmaní, ko e niʻihi fakataha mo e ngaahi fehokotaki hangatonu ki he puleʻanga pea mo e ngaahi kautaha fakapolisi fakavahaʻapuleʻanga kehé, hangē ko e Interpol. ʻI he ngaahi malaʻe vakapuna ʻIulope lahi, ko e ngaahi sisitemi tokangaʻi ʻo e paasipōtí ʻe lava ke ne lēkooti pea muimuiʻi ha hisitōlia puna ʻo ha pāsese pea mo ʻene ngaahi folau mei he fonua ki he fonua.

Ko e fai fakamatala nounou ko ení ʻoku fai ia ʻi he pehē ko e faʻahinga tāutaha ʻoku fakakaukau koví ʻoku hoko ko e fakamanamana ala hoko lahi ange ia ki he malú ʻi he ngaahi meʻa hangē ko e ngaahi meʻa ʻoku toʻotoʻó mo e ngaahi kato takitakí. Ko ia ai, ke toe fakalahi ange ʻa e malu ʻi he malaʻe vakapuná, ko e ngaahi founga paiometulikí mo e ngaahi kaati fakaʻilongá ko e ongo meʻa ia ke fili mei ai ʻoku lolotonga fakakaukauʻi pe fakahoko.

Tuku kehe ʻa e fakamatala nounou ʻo e tokotaha pāsesé, ko e fekumi ke taʻofi ʻa e ngaahi meʻa pe naunau fakatuʻutāmakí mei hono fakaheka ki he vakapuná ko ha toe meʻa mahuʻinga ia ʻe taha ʻoku fai ki ai ʻa e tokangá ʻo kau ki he malu ʻi he malaʻe vakapuná. Ko e sivi ʻoku faiʻaki ʻa e ngaahi mīsini fakaʻatá ʻoku ʻi ai hono ngaahi fakangatangata. Ko e kau ngāue leʻo malaʻe vakapuná ʻoku nau ʻiloʻi ʻoku faingataʻa ke tokanga ai pē ʻi ha ngaahi vahaʻa taimi lōloa koeʻuhi ko e sio ʻi he ngaahi ʻata fakaʻata nenefu ʻo e ngaahi kató ʻi heʻene paasi ʻi muʻa ʻi honau matá ʻe lava ke hoko ko e meʻa fakapipiko ia. ʻI he taimi tatau, ko e ngaahi mita-makinitó ʻoku hokohoko atu ʻene toutou fakatokanga halá, ʻi hono ʻiloʻi ʻa e ngaahi kī falé, ko e ngaahi koini movetevete, mo e ngaahi pākolo ʻo e letá.

Lao Fefeka Ange

Ke mafamafatatau ʻa e ngaahi fakangatangata ko iá, kuo tali ʻe he ngaahi puleʻangá ʻaki ha lao ʻoku fakafefekaʻi ai ʻa e malu ʻi he malaʻe vakapuná. ʻI he ʻIunaite Seteté, ʻoku fiemaʻu heni ke ʻalu fakataha ʻa e kató mo e tokotaha ʻoku ʻaʻaná, sivi fakaʻaufuli ʻa e ʻū meʻa ʻi he loki vakapuná, pea sivi ʻa e kato takitakí ki ha ngaahi pomu, ke fakahoko ia ʻi he ngataʻanga ʻo e 2002. Ko e ngaahi matapā ʻo e pailaté ʻoku fai hono ʻai ke mālohi mo malu. ʻOku ʻomai ʻa e ako fakalahi ki he fakatuʻutāmakí ki he kau ngāue ʻa e kautaha vakapuná. Kuo toe ngāueʻaki ha kau ʻōfisa kuo fakanaunau meʻatau ki he ngaahi puna fakakomēsialé.

ʻI he ngaahi uike mo e ngaahi māhina hili ʻa e 9/11, naʻe faaʻi ʻa e kau pāsesé pea naʻe hua nimaʻi ʻa e ngaahi kató ʻi he ngaahi malaʻe vakapuna lahi takatakai ʻi he māmaní. ʻI he ngaahi tuʻunga ʻe niʻihi, naʻe sivi nimaʻi tuʻo ua ai ʻa e kau pāsesé mo e ngaahi meʻa toʻotoʻó. Ko e faʻahinga maluʻi tokamuʻa ko ení ʻoku ʻosi alāanga ki ai ʻa e kau folau ʻIulopé, ʻa ia kuo nau sio ʻi hono fakahoko lahi ia lolotonga ʻa e 1970 tupú, ʻi he taimi naʻe aʻu ai ki ha tumutumu ʻa e ngaahi puke fakamālohí. ʻOku tapui he taimí ni ʻa e kau pāsesé mei hono toʻo ha faʻahinga meʻangāue māsila pē ki vaka. Ko e kau folau pē ʻoku ʻi ai ʻenau tikité ʻoku fakaʻatā ke nau paasi ʻi he leʻó. Kuo hoko ʻo anga ʻa e tokolahi ki he ngaahi laine lōloa ange ʻi he siviʻanga tikité mo e ʻi ai ʻa e kau ngāue kuo fakameʻatau ʻi he ngaahi teminolo malaʻe vakapuná.

Fakamamafaʻi ʻa e Monomonó

Fakaʻuta atu ki he tuʻunga ʻoku faʻa anga-maheni ʻaki ko ení: Hili ʻa e fāinga atu ʻi he ngaahi siviʻanga lahi ʻi he malaʻe vakapuná, ʻoku faifai pē ʻo aʻu ʻa e pāsesé ki he matapaá, ʻo tatali ai ke fanongo ki he fanongonongo mai ʻa e fakafofonga vakapuná ke heká. “Naʻá ke fanongo ki ai?” ko e lea ia ʻa e pāsese pisinisi suti kulei hoko mai kiate iá. “ʻOku ʻi ai ha toloi ʻi ha palopalema fakamīsini.” ʻOkú ne hila takai mo toe pehē mai: “ʻOfa pē ʻe ʻikai te nau fekau ke tau mavahe taʻemīsini!”

Ko e meʻa ʻoku ʻikai ke ʻiloʻi ʻe he tokolahi taha ʻo e kau pāsesé ko e maʻu ko ia ʻe he ngaahi fakafofonga vakapuná ʻa e ngaahi sisitemi sivi mātuʻaki fefeka mo fakahela. Ko e ngaahi monomono ʻoku fiemaʻú ʻoku tomuʻa ʻiloʻi ia fakafou ʻi hono vakaiʻi fakalelei ʻa e tohi loka fakamakēnika ʻa e vakapuná. Ko hono moʻoní, ʻoku fiemaʻu ʻe he ngaahi fakafofonga vaka peheé, ke fou ʻa e ngaahi vakapuná mo honau ngaahi mīsiní ʻi ha taimi-tēpile fefeka ʻo hono tokangaʻi ʻi hono ʻovaholo—ʻo faʻa tuʻo lahi mamaʻo ange ia ʻi he meʻalele anga-mahení—neongo ai pē kapau ʻoku maʻu ʻe he vakapuná ha lēkooti ʻoku mātuʻaki ʻikai ha faingataʻa.

Ko ha ʻōfisa monomono ʻi ha kautaha vakapuna lahi ʻe lava ke ne fakamoʻoni ki he meʻá ni. “ʻI hoku meimei taʻu ʻe 15 ʻi he ngāueʻanga ko ení,” ko ʻene leá ia, “kuo ʻikai ʻaupito te u sio, talanoa, pe vakai ki ha taha pē ʻoku ngāue ʻi he monomonó naʻe ʻikai te ne tokanga mātuʻaki fakamātoato ki he malú. He ko ē, ʻoku toe puna ʻa e ngaahi kāinga mo e ngaahi fāmili ʻo e kau ngāué ʻi he vakapuna ʻoku nau ngāue ki aí, ko ia ai, ʻoku ʻikai te nau fakavalevale ʻo ʻaiʻainoaʻia.”

ʻOku hilifaki ʻa e fatongia mafatukituki fakafoʻituitui ʻi he kau ngāue fakatekinikale mo monomono ʻo e vakapuná. ʻOku manatu ha taha ʻo kinautolu: “ʻE ʻikai ʻaupito ngalo ʻiate au ʻa e pō naʻe mole ai meia kimautolu ha vakapuna DC-10 ʻi Sioux City, Iowa. Naʻá ku ngāue ko ha tokotaha ngāue fakatekinikale vakapuna ʻi he taimi ko iá, pea naʻá ku maʻu ʻa e ngāue ko hono siviʻi mo ngāue ʻi loto ʻi he konga hiku ʻo e kalasi vakapuna tatau. ʻI he tuʻunga ko ení, naʻe siʻi ʻaupito ʻa e fakamatala ne mau maʻu fekauʻaki mo e meʻa naʻe hoko moʻoni ki he vakapuna ne molé. ʻOku ou manatuʻi ʻa ʻeku hohaʻa lahi ʻi heʻeku fai ʻeku ngāué ʻi he pō ko iá, ʻi he fifili, ‘Ko e hā ne hoko ki he vakapuna ko iá? Naʻe taʻetokangaʻi nai ʻe ha taha kehe ha meʻa te u lava nai ke ʻiloʻi he taimí ni pea taʻofi ai ha toe hoko ha meʻa fakamamahi pehē? Naʻá ku fai ʻa e meʻa kotoa pē ʻi he founga tofu pē ko ia naʻe totonu ke u faí?’ Naʻá ku fakamoleki ʻa e taimi lōloa ʻi he hikú ʻi he efiafi ko iá, ʻi hono fakasio mo hono fakakaukauʻí.”

Ko e kau ngāue fakatekinikalé ʻoku fai maʻu pē hono akoʻi kinautolu ʻi he tafaʻaki kotoa pē ʻo ʻenau ngāué, mei he ngaahi ngāue tuʻumaʻú ki he siviʻi fakaʻāulilikí mo e ngaahi pōtoʻi ki hono ʻiloʻi ʻo fakangata ʻa e palopalemá. Ko e ngaahi koosi ako fakangāué ʻoku fakaleleiʻi fakataʻu ia ke kāpui ha faʻahinga tuʻunga pē ʻoku ala fakaʻuta atu ki ai ʻe lava ke fakafepakiʻi, mei he meʻa anga-mahení ki he meʻa ʻoku ngalikehé.

Hili ha fakatuʻutāmaki ʻi ha vakapuna, ʻoku fakatahatahaʻi mai leva ʻa e fakamatala moʻoní ʻo ʻanalaiso pea fakahū ia ki ha simuleita. Ko e kau pailate tesi vakapuná mo e kau ʻenisinia vakapuná ʻoku nau fakapuna ʻa e simuleitá ke sio pe ko e hā ha ngaahi fakaleleiʻanga kehe ʻe ala lava, ʻa ia ʻe malava ke nau ʻiloʻi koeʻuhi ke lava ai ʻa e kau ngāué ʻo ngāue lelei ange ki he ngaahi palopalema meimei tatau ʻi he kahaʻú. ʻOku fokotuʻutuʻu leva ha polokalama ako ʻo fekauʻaki mo eni ki he kau ngāué koeʻuhi ke lava ʻo fai ai ha fakahinohino makehe. Ko e ngaahi sivi hangē ko ení ʻoku toe iku ai ki he ngaahi liliu ʻi he vakapuná mo e konga ʻo hono faʻú, ʻi he ʻamanaki ko e ngaahi taʻelavameʻa peheé ʻe lava ke ʻomai ai ʻa e fakahinohino ʻaonga pea ʻe lava ai ke fakasiʻisiʻi.

ʻOku fakaʻosiʻaki ʻe ha tokotaha ngāue monomono: “ʻOku tala mai kia kimautolu kotoa ko e ‘malú ʻoku ʻikai ke hokonoa mai pē—kuo pau ke fai ha palani ki ai.’”

Toe Foki ki he ʻEá

Hili ha fili fakaekita ʻo e vahaʻa taimi ʻo e ʻikai puna ʻi he māhina ʻe fā, naʻe fakapapauʻi ai ʻe Alex kuo taimi ke fekuki mo ʻene manavaheé. Ko e ʻi ai ʻa e kau ʻōfisa polisi mo e kau leʻo fakapuleʻanga ʻi he Malaʻe Vakapuna Fakavahaʻapuleʻanga Logan ʻi Boston naʻe ʻikai hā ʻokú ne uesia ia. Ko e ngaahi laine siviʻanga tikite lōloá mo e hua nimaʻi ʻo ʻene kató naʻe ʻikai ʻaupito haʻane fakalotomamahiʻi ia.

Kia Alex ko e ngaahi fakaʻilonga fakafiemālie eni ʻi heʻene kumi ki ha folau malu ange ʻi he ʻeá. ʻOku kei ʻi ai pē ha kiʻi pupuhaʻia mo e kiʻi tā vave ange ʻa e mafú. Kae kehe, ʻi hono tuku ʻe Alex ʻene kato takitakí ki he puha ʻi ʻolunga ʻiate iá, ʻokú ne pehē: “ʻOku ou ongoʻi lelei ʻaupito ange he taimí ni.”

[Puha/Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 5]

Moʻoniʻi Meʻa ki he Puná

Fakatatau ki he ngaahi fakafuofuá, ko e manavahē ki he puná ʻoku hoko ia ʻi he pāsese vakapuna ʻe toko 1 ʻi he toko 5. Kae kehe, ʻoku ʻikai ke ongoʻi ʻe he kakai kotoa ko ení ʻoku taʻemalu ʻa e puná. ʻOku faʻa hoko, ʻenau ngaahi loto-hohaʻá ko e tupu ia mei he ngaahi manavahē lahi kehe, hangē ko e manavahē ʻi he māʻolungá pe ʻi he ngaahi feituʻu kakaiʻiá.

[Saati ʻi he peesi 8]

ʻOKU NGALINGALI FĒFĒ KE HOKO HA FAKATUʻUTĀMAKI FAKATUPU MATE?

Meʻalele 6,212 81

Tāmate tangata 15,104 197

Ngaahi mīsini 265,000 3,500

Havehave ʻa e vakapuná 390,000 5,100

Melemo ʻi he topu kaukaú 802,000 10,500

Fanga manu mo e ʻakau ʻoku koná 4.2 million 55,900

Tapa ʻa e ʻuhilá 4.3 million 56,000

[Maʻuʻanga]

Maʻuʻanga fakamatalá: National Safety Council

[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 6]

Fakalahi ʻa e malu ʻi he malaʻe vakapuná

[Maʻuʻanga]

AP Photo/Joel Page

[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 7]

Fakamatala nounou mo e sivi ʻo e pāsesé

[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 7]

Fakalaka ange ʻa e monomonó

[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 8]

Ko e kau pailaté ko e kau palōfesinale kuo akoʻi māʻolunga