Toʻutupú ʻi he Faingataʻá

◼ ʻI he ʻIunaite Seteté, ʻoku fana ai ʻe ha tokotaha ako taʻu 15 ʻa e faʻahinga ʻi heʻene kalasí, ʻo mate ai ʻa e toko 2 pea lavelavea ai ʻa e toko 13.

◼ ʻI Lūsia, ʻoku fakapoongi anga-fakamanu ai ʻe ha kulupu ʻo e kau taʻu hongofulu tupu ne nau konā ha taʻahine taʻu hiva pea haha ʻa ʻene tamaí mo e tamasiʻi ʻokú ne tuongaʻaneʻaki.

◼ ʻI Pilitānia, ʻoku haha ai mo hoka heleʻi ʻe ha tamasiʻi taʻu 17 ha tokotaha taʻu hongofulu tupu siʻi ange. “Naʻe ʻikai te u fakataumuʻa ʻi he ʻuluaki taimí ke tāmateʻi ia,” ko ʻene tala ia ki he kau polisí, “ka ʻi he taimi naʻá ku sio ai ki he totó naʻe ʻikai te u toe taʻofi.”

KO E ngaahi meʻa fakalele-loto hangē ko ení ʻoku ʻikai ke hoko tātātaha ia. ʻOku ʻikai lava ke tukunoaʻi kinautolu ʻi he tuʻunga ko ha ngaahi meʻa ngalikehe pē ʻoku hoko. “Ko e fakamālohi ʻa e toʻutupú ko ha palopalema lahi ia ʻi hotau sōsaietí,” ko e lau ia ʻa ha kupu ʻi he Professional School Counseling. ʻOku poupouʻi ʻe he ngaahi fiká ʻa e taukaveʻi ko ení.

ʻOku fakahaaʻi ʻe he Senitā Fakafonua Sitētisitika U.S. ki he Akó ʻo pehē, lolotonga kuo ʻi ai ha hōloa ʻi he fakamālohi ʻoku līpooti mei he ʻapiakó ʻi he fonua ko iá, “ko e kau ako ʻi he taʻu 12-18 naʻe maʻukovia kinautolu ʻi he ngaahi faihia ʻikai fakatupu mate nai ʻe 2 miliona ʻo e fakamālohi pe kaihaʻa ʻi he ʻapiakó ʻi he 2001.” Kuo toe ʻi ai foki ha fakautuutu ʻi he ngaahi līpooti fekauʻaki mo e houtamaki ʻi he ʻapiakó.

Ka ʻoku ʻikai ko e fakamālohi kotoa ʻa e toʻutupú ʻi he ʻIunaite Seteté ʻoku fakahanga ia ki he kau ako kehé. “Lolotonga ʻa e vahaʻa taimi ko e taʻu ʻe 5 mei he 1997 ki he 2001,” ʻoku līpooti ʻe he maʻuʻanga fakamatala tatau ʻo pehē, “ko e kau faiakó ʻa e faʻahinga maʻukovia ʻo e ngaahi faihia ʻikai fakatupu mate fakafuofua ki he 1.3 miliona ʻi he ʻapiakó, ʻo kau ai ʻa e ngaahi kaihaʻa ʻe 817,000 mo e ngaahi faihia fakamālohi ʻe 473,000.” ʻIkai ko ia pē, “ko e peseti ʻe 9 ʻo e kau faiako ʻi he ako siʻí mo e ako lotolotó kotoa naʻe fakamanamanaʻi kinautolu ʻaki hano fakalaveaʻi ʻe ha tokotaha ako, pea ko e peseti ʻe 4 naʻe ʻohofi fakaesino kinautolu ʻe ha tokotaha ako.”

Ko e hā ʻa e tuʻungá ʻi he ngaahi fonua kehé? “Naʻe puke ʻi Siaina ʻa e fānau maumau-lao ʻe toko 69,780 ʻi he 2003,” ko e līpooti ia ʻa e kautaha ongoongo ʻe taha, “ko ha tupu ia ʻo laka hake ʻaki ʻa e peseti ʻe 12.7 mei he 2002.” ʻOku pehē ʻe he kupu ʻi he ongoongó ko e “ngaahi faihia fakakengí naʻe tupu mei ai ʻa e peseti ʻe 70 ʻo e fānau maumau-laó.” Ko ha līpooti mei Siapani ʻi he 2003 naʻe leaʻaki ai ʻa e meʻa meimei tatau ʻo pehē ko e toʻutupú naʻa nau fakatupunga ʻa e vaeua ʻo e ngaahi faihia naʻe fai ʻi he taʻu ʻe hongofulu ki muʻá.

Faitoʻo Kona Tapú​—Ko ha Fakatupunga Maumau ki he Sino ʻo e Toʻutupú

Ko e fakamoʻoni lahi ange ʻo e faingataʻá ʻoku kau ki ai ʻa e fakatupunga maumau ʻoku fai ʻe he toʻutupu tokolahi ki honau sinó tonu. Ko ha līpooti ʻa e Akoʻanga Fakafonua U.S. ki he Ngāuehalaʻaki ʻo e Faitoʻo Kona Tapú ʻoku fakahaaʻi ai ko e vaeua nai ʻo e kau taʻu hongofulu tupu kotoa pē ʻi he fonua ko iá kuo nau ʻahiʻahiʻi ha faitoʻo kona tapu taʻefakalao ki muʻa ke nau ʻosi mei he akoʻanga māʻolungá. ʻOku tānaki mai ʻe he līpōtí: “Ko e ngāueʻaki ʻo e ʻolokaholó ʻoku kei mafolalahia lahi fakaʻulia ia ʻi he lotolotonga ʻo e kau taʻu hongofulu tupu he ʻaho ní. Ko e meimei toko fā mei he kau ako ʻe toko nima kotoa pē (77%) kuo nau maʻu ʻa e ʻolokaholó (ʻo laka hake ʻi ha ngaahi maʻanga siʻi pē) ʻi he aʻu ki heʻenau ʻosi mei he akoʻanga māʻolungá; pea ko e meimei vaeua (46%) kuo nau fai ia ʻi heʻenau aʻu ki he kuleiti hono valú.”

Fehokotaki Fakasino Fakaʻaluʻalu

ʻI he kuonga ko eni ʻo e ʻeitisí, ko e fehokotaki fakasino fakaʻaluʻalú ʻoku fakatuʻutāmaki taʻetoefehuʻia ia. Neongo ia, ʻoku hā ngali vakai ʻa e toʻutupu tokolahi ki he fehokotaki fakasinó ko ha vaʻinga pē ia ʻoku ʻikai hano maumau. Ko e fakatātaá, ko e toʻutupu ʻAmelika ʻe niʻihi, ʻoku nau lea fakataʻetaʻetokanga fekauʻaki mo e “fehokotaki fakasino tuʻo taha peé”—ko ha lea fakangalilelei ʻoku ongo ʻikai hano maumau ki he fehokotaki fakasino fāinoá. ʻOku nau talanoa fekauʻaki mo hono maʻu “ha kaumeʻa fakataha mo ha ngaahi ʻaonga”—ko ha hoa fehokotaki fakasino ʻoku ʻikai ke ne kounaʻi ha ngaahi tukupā ke fai.

ʻOku fakamatala ʻa e faʻu-tohi ko Scott Walter ki he ngaahi paati konā taʻemapuleʻi ʻoku fokotuʻutuʻu ʻe he toʻutupu ʻe niʻihi ʻi he ngaahi tuʻa koló lolotonga ʻa e ʻi he ngāué ʻenau ngaahi mātuʻá. ʻI ha paati pehē ʻe taha, naʻe talaki ai ʻe ha kiʻi taʻahine “te ne fehokotaki fakasino mo e tamaiki tangata kotoa pē ʻi aí. . . . Ko e fānau iiki ne aʻu ki he taʻu 12 naʻa nau kau ʻi he ngaahi pātí.”

Fakalele-loto? ʻOku ʻikai fakalele-loto ia ki he kau mataotao kuo nau ako ki he tōʻonga fakaefehokotaki fakasino ʻa e taʻu hongofulu tupú. “Laka hake ʻi he taʻu ʻe 20 kuohilí,” ko e tohi ia ʻa Dr. Andrea Pennington, “kuo tau mamata ai ki he taʻu fakaʻavalisi ki he kau taʻu hongofulu tupu ko ē ʻoku nau kau ʻi he fakafiefia fakaefehokotaki fakasinó ʻoku ʻalu ia ki he toe taʻu siʻi ange. ʻOku ʻikai kei ngalikehe ke ʻiloʻi ʻa e tamaiki tangata mo e tamaiki fefine kei siʻi hangē ko e taʻu 12 ʻoku nau kamata kau ʻi he fehokotaki fakasinó.”

Ko e meʻa ʻoku tautefito ʻene fakalotomamahí ko ha līpooti ʻi he nusipepa USA Today: “Ko e tokolahi fakautuutu ʻo e kau taʻu hongofulu tupu siʻisiʻi taha ʻi he fonuá . . . ʻoku nau fai ʻa e feʻauaki ngutú. . . . Kuo fakatuipauʻi ʻe he fānaú kiate kinautolu ‘ko e meʻá ni ʻoku ʻikai moʻoni ko ha fehokotaki fakasino ia.’” Fakatatau ki ha savea ʻe taha ʻo e tamaiki fefine ʻe toko 10,000, “naʻe pehē ai ʻe he 80% ʻoku nau veisinia, ka ko e 25% kuo nau kau ki he feʻauaki ngutú. Pea naʻe fakamatalaʻi ʻe he 27% ko e tōʻonga ko iá ko e ‘meʻa ia ʻokú ke fai mo ha tangata ke maʻu ai ʻa e fiefiá.’”

Ko e fakakaukau pehē ki he fehokotaki fakasinó kuo hūhū māmālie ia ki he feituʻu kehé. “Ko e toʻutupu ʻo ʻĒsiá ʻoku fakautuutu ʻenau hoko ʻo maʻungofua kinautolu ʻe he HIV fakafou ʻi he ngaahi holi ki ha vā fakaefehokotaki fakasino mo e tokolahi ʻo nau hoko ai ʻo longomoʻui fakaefehokotaki fakasino ʻi ha taʻu kei siʻi ange,” ko e līpooti ia ʻa e UNESCO, ʻo tānaki mai ai: “ʻOku fakautuutu ʻa e taʻetokaʻi ʻe he kau taʻu hongofulu tupú ʻa e ‘ʻulungāanga mahuʻinga faka-ʻĒsia’ ʻa ʻenau ngaahi mātuʻá, ʻaki ʻenau fehokotaki fakasino ki muʻa ʻi he malí, ʻo faʻa fai ia mo e ngaahi hoa kehekehe tokolahi.”

ʻOku toe ʻi ai ha ngaahi fakaʻilonga ʻo e faingataʻaʻia fakaetoʻutupú? ʻOku līpooti ʻe he Women’s Health Weekly ʻa Kānatá: “Ko e peseti ʻe 25 ʻo e kakai fefine ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e taʻu 16 mo e 19 te nau hokosia ha tuʻunga ʻo e loto-mafasia lahi.” Kae kehe, ko e loto-mafasiá ko ha mahaki ia ʻokú ne fakahohaʻasi fakatouʻosi ʻa e tangatá mo e fefiné. Fakatatau ki he U.S.News & World Report, ʻi he taʻu kotoa pē ko e toʻutupu ʻoku aʻu ki he toko nima afé ʻoku nau tāmateʻi pē kinautolu. ʻI ha ʻuhinga, ʻoku pehē ʻe he līpōtí, “ʻoku tāmateʻi ʻe he tamaiki tangatá kinautolu ʻo liunga ono lahi ange ia ʻi he tamaiki fefiné.”

ʻOku ʻikai ha veiveiua, ko e toʻutangata ʻo e toʻutupu he ʻaho ní ko ha toʻutangata faingataʻaʻia lahi ʻaupito ia. Ko e hā ʻoku tuʻu mei mui ʻi he taimi faingataʻa ko ení?

[Maʻuʻanga ʻo e Tā ʻi he peesi 3]

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