Icell Phone—Ngaba Iluncedo Okanye Iyingozi?

NGUMBHALI KAVUKANI! EOSTRELIYA

KWIMINYAKA ethile eyadlulayo igama elithi “umnxeba ophathwayo” lalingafanelekanga. Icell phone ‘yayiphathwa’ kuphela ngumntu onamandla kakhulu okanye oza kuyifaka kwinqwelo-mafutha kuba ibhetri yayo yayinzima ngendlela emangalisayo. Ezi cell phone zazinkulu kunebhokisi yezihlangu yaye zazixabisa amawaka eerandi.

Namhlanje kukho iicell phone ezimalunga nesi-1,35 samawaka ezigidi. Kwamanye amazwe abemi abangaphezu kwesiqingatha baneecell phone. Inkoliso yazo ilingana nentende yesandla yaye maxa wambi abanye bazifumana simahla.a Ulindixesha waseOstreliya, iThe Bulletin uthi: “Iicell phone zixhaphake kangangokuba inani lazo liphantse lilingane neloomabonwakude neekhompyutha.” Kumazwe angaphezu kwama-20 iicell phone zininzi ngaphezu komnxeba ofakelwa endlwini. Enye ingcali yezoshishino ichaza iicell phone kungekhona njengommangaliso wobugcisa kodwa “njengenxalenye yokuphila kwabantu.”

Iicell phone zinayiphi ingenelo ebantwini? Ngaba ziluncedo okanye ziyingozi?

Ingenelo Kwezoshishino

Ukuthengiswa kweecell phone ezininzi kangaka kuyingenelo kwezoshishino. Enye inkampani enkulu yathi: “Ishishini leecell phone lelona lingenisa imali eninzi kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki.” Ngamany’ amazwi, imali ekuthengwa ngayo iicell phone ngoku ingaphezulu lee kunaleyo yakha yasetyenziswa ekuthengeni nasiphi na esinye isixhobo se-elektroniki.

Ngokomzekelo, eOstreliya, kubemi abangama-20 ezigidi, bangaphezu kwe-15 lezigidi abaneecell phone. Abathengi benye yeenkampani ezininzi zeecell phone kwelo, baye batsala umnxeba izihlandlo ezisi-7,5 samawaka ezigidi kunyaka ophelileyo. Ehlabathini lonke, iinkampani zezonxibelelwano zifumana amawaka ezigidi zeerandi ngonyaka ngenxa yeshishini leecell phone. Naso ke isizathu esibangela ukuba iinkampani ezinkulu zezoshishino zigqale icell phone njengeluncedo.

Ukuqalisa Ulwimi Olutsha

Kwizigidi zemiyalezo edluliselwa ngecell phone akuthethwa ngomlomo kodwa kubhalwa nje amagama. Kunokuba bathethe ngokoqobo emnxebeni, abantu abaninzi abasebenzisa icell phone—ngokukodwa ulutsha—bancokola ngeShort Message Service (iSMS). Oku kubangela ukuba bakwazi ukuthumelelana imiyalezo nje emifutshane ngemali encinane kakhulu. Kuba ukunxibelelana ngale ndlela kufuna uchwetheze umyalezo ngoonobumba abancinane becell phone, abantu abathanda ukubhala iSMS babhala ngezishunqulelo badibanise oonobumba namanani ukuze kuphume igama elithile. Nakuba ukuyila amagama oza kuwasebenzisa kungumgudu kunokuthetha ngokoqobo, imiyalezo ebhalwayo ehlabathini lonke nyanga nganye, imalunga nama-30 amawaka ezigidi.

Kuthethwa ngantoni kule miyalezo? Uphando olwenziwe eBritani lubonisa ukuba ama-42 ekhulwini abantu abasebatsha abaneminyaka ephakathi kwe-18 nama-24 babhala imiyalezo yeSMS yokudlala ngothando, abangama-20 ekhulwini babhala imiyalezo yokwenza amadinga yaye abali-13 ekhulwini babhala iSMS xa beqhawula ulwalamano lothando.

Abahlalutyi boko kwenzekayo phakathi kwebutho labantu bakhathazekile kuba bathi indlela egqwethekileyo yokubhala neyokwakha izivakalisi esetyenziswa xa kubhalwa iSMS iphazamisa ubuchule bokufunda kulutsha. Abanye abavumelani noko kuba bathi ukubhalwa kweSMS “kuvuselela umdla wokubhala kwisizukulwana esitsha.” Isithethi senye inkampani yaseOstreliya eyenza izichazi-magama saxelela abephephandaba iSun-Herald oku: “Asifane silifumane ithuba lokuvelisa indlela entsha yokubhala [ulwimi] . . . ukubhalwa kwemiyalezo [ngeSMS] nakwi-internet kubangela ukuba ulutsha lubhale. Kufuneka ulutsha lube krelekrele ukuze luwaqonde amagama neendlela ezisetyenziswayo . . . kwesi simbo sitsha sokubhala.”

Ezinye Izinto Ezingathandekiyo Ngalo Mnxeba

Ngoxa iicell phone ziluncedo ekunxibelelaneni nabahlobo nakwizinto zomsebenzi, maxa wambi abasebenzi abaninzi bazifumanisa zisisiphazamiso kunokuba zibe luncedo—kuba bavakalelwa kukuba zibankqamangela eofisini ngalo lonke ixesha. Olunye uphando lwabonisa ukuba abaqeshwa bezibhengezo zentengiso abangama-80 ekhulwini nabakhi abangama-60 ekhulwini bavakalelwa kukuba banyanzelekile ukuba bafumaneke ngalo lonke ixesha xa befunwa ngabaqeshi babo okanye ngabantu ababasebenzelayo. Ukuziva kwabantu benyanzelekile ukuba baphendule icell phone enoba baphi okanye benza ntoni na kuye kwabangela oko omnye umphandi akubiza ngokuba “sisiphazamiso.” Ngenxa yoko, iinjineli ziye zavelisa into efakwa kwizakhiwo ebangela ukuba icell phone ingakwazi ukufumana amaza omoya xa umntu ekweso sakhiwo.—Bona ibhokisi ethi “Amacebiso Ngendlela Yokusebenzisa Icell Phone.”

Ngaphandle nje kokuphazamisa, ezi cell phone zizele yonk’ indawo zinokuba yingozi ebantwini. Kuhlolisiso olwenziwe eKhanada kufunyaniswe ukuba ukusebenzisa icell phone ngoxa uqhuba kunokuba yingozi njengokuqhuba usele utywala. UNjingalwazi Mark Stevenson weInjury Research Centre kwiUniversity of Western Australia, uthi ukuncokola emnxebeni kunzima kunokuncokola nje nomnye umntu okhwele naye kwinqwelo-mafutha. Nakuba ukusebenzisa icell phone ngoxa uqhuba kuyingozi yaye kwezinye iindawo amapolisa enokubahlawulisa abaqhubi abaphula umthetho, uhlolisiso olusandul’ ukwenziwa kutshanje lubonise ukuba kubaqhubi baseOstreliya, om-1 kwaba-5 uthumela iSMS ngoxa eqhuba yaye omnye kwabathathu utsala umnxeba okanye atsalelwe umnxeba obekwe kwinqwelo-mafutha ngoxa eqhuba.

Iingozi zokungasetyenziswa kakuhle kwecell phone zichaphazela nohambo ngeenqwelo-moya. Ngoxa indlela ezenziwe ngayo iinqwelo-moya zanamhlanje ibangela ukuba iicell phone zingaphazamisi amaza omoya, zisekho iinqwelo-moya ezisenokuphazamiseka kukusetyenziswa kwecell phone. INew Scientist ithi: “Kuvavanyo olwenziwe kwiinqwelo-moya ezimbini, iCivil Aviation Authority yaseBritani [iCAA] iye yayingqina into yokuba imitha yecell phone iyaphazamisana nobuxhakaxhaka be-elektroniki obukwinqwelo-moya.” Sichaza eyona ngxaki isisisongelo ekusetyenzisweni kwecell phone isithethi seCAA sathi: “Icellphone iba namandla kakhulu xa ikude kwiziko efumana kulo amandla. Ngoko xa inqwelo-moya isuka, icellphone ifumana amandla angakumbi yaye loo nto ibeka inqwelo-moya engozini.” Kuhlolisiso olwenziwe eOstreliya kufunyaniswe ukuba izixhobo ze-elektroniki kuquka iicell phone, ziye zabangela amagingxigingxi kwiinqwelo-moya ngenxa yokuba abo bakhweleyo bengakhange bayinanze imiyalelo yokuzicima ezi zixhobo xa bekhwele kwinqwelo-moya.

Icell Phone Nomhlaza

Kusekho impikiswano enoba amaza ecell phone namaziko efumana kuwo imitha abangela umhlaza kusini na ebantwini. Kuba ezi zixhobo zisetyenziswa ngamakhulu ezigidi zabantu, kwanengxakana nje encinane enokuchaphazela impilo yabantu ibinokudala omkhulu wona umonakalo. Ngoko ke, izazinzulu ziye zenza uphando ngokuphindaphindiweyo zizama ukuqonda umonakalo obangelwa ngamaza omoya kwiiseli zomzimba. Ziye zafikelela kwisiphi isigqibo?

I-Independent Expert Group on Mobile Phones (IEGMP) yathi: “IExpert Group ikholelwa ukuba, ngokobungqina obukhoyo ngoku, akukho sizathu sokuba abantu baxhalabe ngokusetyenziswa kweecell phone.” INew Scientist yathi: “Nakuba kwiminyaka yakutshanje kuye kwathethwa izinto ezininzi ezoyikisayo, ubungqina obuninzi obufunyenweyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku bubonisa ukuba amaza omoya esebenza ngawo icell phone akayongozi empilweni. Abaphandi abathi ukho umonakalo obangelwa kukusebenzisa lo mnxeba, kuye kwanzima ukuba bawuchaze.”

Ngenxa yokuba bekusoloko kukho amathandabuzo ngobungozi becell phone empilweni, kusachithwa izigidi zeerandi ekwenzeni uphando olungakumbi. De kufumaneke impendulo echanileyo, i-IEGMP incomela oku kulandelayo: “Icell phone yisebenzise ixesha elifutshane kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Sebenzisa uhlobo lwecell phone oluneSAR ephantsi, oko kukuthi olungatsali mitha mininzi. Sebenzisa izixhobo ezilungiselelwe ukuba icell phone ungayibambi ngesandla kodwa kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba ezi zixhobo ziyawuhlisa umlinganiselo wamandla etsala ngawo amaza omoya, oko kukuthi iSAR.” IExpert Group incomela nokuba “abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka elishumi elinesithandathu ubudala bangayisebenzisi icell phone,” kuba imithambo-luvo yabantwana abasakhulayo inokuba “sesichengeni ngakumbi sezo ngozi zempilo kucingwa ukuba zibangelwa kukusebenzisa lo mnxeba.”

Nakuba ibangela impikiswano, icell phone iyingenelo kwezoqoqosho nakuluntu ngokubanzi. Ngokufanayo nezinye izixhobo ze-elektroniki—umabonwakude nekhompyutha—icell phone inokuba luncedo okanye ibe sisiphazamiso. Into enokugqiba enoba icell phone iluncedo okanye iyingozi kusini na yindlela umniniyo ayisebenzisa ngayo.

[Umbhalo osemazantsi]

[Ibhokisi/Umfanekiso okwiphepha 27]

AMACEBISO NGENDLELA YOKUSEBENZISA ICELL PHONE

1. Xa uthetha kwicell phone esidlangalaleni, thethela phantsi. Imicrophone yecell phone inamandla kakhulu yaye abantu abakufuphi nawe abanamdla kwincoko yakho.

2. Xa ukwiindibano zonqulo, kwiintlanganiso zasemsebenzini, kwiimovie okanye kwenye indawo ekuhlanganisene abantu abaninzi kuyo okanye kwivenkile yokutyela, yicime icell phone yakho okanye ucofe iqhosha lokuyenza ishukume (silent-vibrate) xa kukho umntu okutsalela umnxeba.

3. Ukuba uyaqhuba musa ukuyibamba ngesandla xa uyiphendula.

[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 26]

Ehlabathini lonke, kuthunyelwa malunga neeSMS ezingama-30 amawaka ezigidi nyanga nganye

[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 28]

Ukusebenzisa i“cell phone” ngoxa uqhuba kunokuba yingozi njengokuqhuba usele utywala