Ukubuka Okwezwe
Isinqumo Ngokumpontshelwa Igazi EItaly
NgokoMthetho-sisekelo waseItaly, akekho ongelashwa ngendlela ethile ngokumelene nentando yakhe. Isinqumo samuva soMnyango Wezempilo waseItaly siqinisekisa ukuthi isiqondiso salomthetho-sisekelo sisebenza nasekumpontshelweni igazi. Eqinisweni, lesinqumo, sangoJanuary 15, 1991, sithi “ukumpontshelwa igazi, izingxenye zegazi, noma izinto ezivela egazini, kuyindlela yokwelapha engakhululekile ezingozini; ngakho-ke, idinga ukuba isiguli siyivume sinolwazi ngayo.” Ngamanye amazwi, iziguli kumelwe zazi ngezingozi futhi zibe nelungelo lokwenqaba igazi. Amazwi ayisenezelo akhuluma ngalesinqumo aphawula ukuthi ukumpontshelwa kungadlulisela “izifo ezithathelwanayo, ezinjengesifo sokuvuvukala kwesibindi nengculaza,” nokuthi “ukuhlola kwasezindlini zokuhlola zezesayensi akukwazi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthola abantu abasanda kuthola igciwane.”
Upapa Unika UMariya Udumo
Phakathi nokuhambela kwamuva ePortugal, uPapa John Paul II wavakashela ithempeli leNcasakazi yaseFátima ngokukhethekile ukuze agubhe unyaka weshumi wokuzama komdubuli ukumbulala eRome. Umzamo wokumbulala wenziwa “ngoSuku lweNtokazi Yethu yaseFátima”—usuku lokukhumbula isehlakalo sango-1917 lapho abantwana abathathu eFátima bazisholo ukuthi babeye baba nombono weNcasakazi uMariya—ngaleyondlela upapa unika uMariya udumo ngokusindisa ukuphila kwakhe ngosuku lokudutshulwa. Eqinisweni, ngalolusuku enye yezinhlamvu eyakhishwa emzimbeni wakhe yasetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa umqhele ohlotshiswe ngamadayimane ogqokwa umfanekiso obunjiwe wencasakazi oseFátima. Upapa futhi wabonga incasakazi “ngezinguquko ebezingalindelekile” eziye zaletha isiphelo sokubusa kobuKhomanisi eMpumalanga Yurophu eminyakeni yamuva.
Inobude Obulingana Nobendiza IBoeing 737
“Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwakuyini, izinsalela zakho zinkulu ngendlela emangalisayo. Imihlandla ngaminye yentamo ingamamitha angu-1,5 ububanzi kuyilapho izimbambo zinesilinganiso samamitha amathathu okuholela ukuba izazi zesayensi zilinganisele ukuthi bonke ubude balesilwane bungamamitha angu-27 kuya kwangu-30,” kubika iVancouver Sun yaseCanada. Lobo ubude obulingana nobendiza iBoeing 737! Ngo-1986 intamo eyomile yalesilwanekazi yavubukulwa endaweni yaseInner Mongolia iqembu lezazi zesayensi zaseCanada naseShayina. Eminyakeni emine kamuva kwavubukulwa ugebhezi lwaso olukhulu. “Okubaluleke kakhulu ngokuthola lolugebhezi lwekhanda kuwukuthi ngokokuqala ngqá sizokwazi ukubona ukuthi lesibankwakazi sihlobene yini nezibankwakazi ezaziwa kakhulu zaseNyakatho Melika,” kusho uPhilip Currie waseRoyal Tyrell Museum of Paleontology eDrumheller, eAlberta, eCanada.
Unya Lokwahlukaniswa Ngokobuhlanga
Isimiso saseNdiya sokuhlukanisa umphakathi ngokobuhlanga sasiyimbangela yokubulawa obala kwabantu abasha abathathu okwenzeke muva nje, kubika i-India Today. Edolobheni elincane laseMehrana, umfana oneminyaka engu-18 ubudala wohlanga lwamaJatav wathandana nentombazane eneminyaka engu-16 ubudala yohlanga oluthe ukunotha, nolunamandla kakhudlwana lwamaJat. Abazali bentombazane, nabanye abaningi bohlanga lwamaJat, bawotha ubomvu. Emkhandlwini, okubikwa ukuthi kubusa amaJat acebile kuwo, labantu abasha ababili nomunye umfana wamaJatav okunguye owayebaxhumanisa bagwetshelwa ukufa. Labafana ababili bashushiswa ngonya amahora amaningi, khona-ke kuthiwa oyise baphoqwa ukuba bafake izintambo zokulengisa ezintanyeni zamadodana abo. Bobathathu labantu abasha balengiswa endaweni esobala yedolobha. I-India Today ibika ukuthi abamangalelwa abayinhloko kulelicala lokubulala manje sebesejele kodwa ithi: “Kwakuyisikhumbuzo esibuhlungu sokuthi izigodi zalelizwe ziyaqhubeka zicwila ekuthandeni ukuhlukanisa abantu ngokobuhlanga okwakwenziwa kudala, okungekho lutho ‘lwesimanje’ olungakuqeda.”
Ubugebengu Obungajeziswa
IHome Office Research and Statistics Department yaseBrithani muva nje ikhiphe ezinye zezibalo ezishaqisayo ngokuphathelene nobugebengu obukulelozwe. Ake ucabangele amacala angu-100. Kulawo, angu-59 awabikwa. Amanye alawo abikwayo, amaphoyisa ahlola angu-26 kuphela. Kulawa, axazulula angaphansi kwengxenye yesithathu—ayisikhombisa kuphela agcina exazululekile. Futhi kulawa, amane kuphela aholela ekugwetshweni noma ngisho ekuxwayiseni kwesigebengu! Nokho, lezibalo zihlanganisa wonke amacala, kuhlanganise nokucekela phansi impahla kanye nokweba. Amaphoyisa aseBrithani axazulula amacala afinyelela kumaphesenti angu-70 ahilela ubudlova nangamaphesenti angu-90 okubulala.
Ukucindezeleka Nezindinganiso Zokuziphatha
Ukuziphatha ngokwezindinganiso ezinhle kungase kuhlotshaniswe nenjabulo, kuyilapho ukuziphatha okungalawulwa yizindinganiso ezinhle kungase kuhlotshaniswe nokucindezeleka, kusikisela ukuhlola kwamuva. NgokweWall Street Journal, ifemu enikeza izeluleko zochwepheshe okuthiwa yiLondon House yahlola izikhulu ezingu-111, abaphathi, nezinye izisebenzi ezifundile ochungechungeni lokuhlola ukuze ibone impilo yabo engokomzwelo iyonke. Abantu ababezohlolwa kwakumelwe futhi bavume noma bangavumi ukuqhwandwa okunjalo ngokuphathelene nezindinganiso zokuziphatha: “Akudingekile ukuzihlanganisa nabantu bezebhizinisi abangenazo izindinganiso zokuziphatha ukuze ube phambili” futhi, “Izephula-mthetho ezisebenza imisebenzi eziyifundele kumelwe ziphathwe ngesandla esingaqinile kakhulu . . . kunezigebengu ezigebenga emigwaqweni.” Ukuhlola kwembula ukuthi izikhulu ezabonisa umuzwa othuthukile wezindinganiso zokuziphatha zazinempilo enhle futhi ngokomzwelo. Zazijabule kakhudlwana, zikwazi kakhudlwana ukunakekela umthwalo wemfanelo, futhi kungenzeki njalo ukuba zizizwe zicindezelekile, zinenzondo, noma zesaba kunozakwabo abangenazo kahle izindinganiso zokuziphatha.
Kuthiwa Imayini Iyakhwabanisa
Ezinye izinkampani zezimayini ezingu-50 eUnited States ziye zenza uhlobo lokukhwabanisa olungalimaza ukuphila kwezinkulungwane zezisebenzi zasezimayini, kumangala iDepartment of Labor yaseU.S. muva nje. Izinkampani zezimayini umthetho ufuna ukuba sikhathi sonke zilethe izisefo ezintweni ezihlola umoya ezifakwe ezimayini zazo. Lomnyango uhlola lezisefo futhi ungase uvale izimayini ezibonisa amazinga entuthu yamalahle aphakeme ngokuyingozi emoyeni, lawo angabangela izifo zamaphaphu amnyama ngisho nokufa. Lomnyango umangala ngokuthi onyakeni odlule nengxenye, izimayini ezingu-847 ziye zathumela izisefo ezingu-4 710 ezinobufakazi bokukhwabanisa. Ezinye zezisefo ziye zafuthwa ngezifutho zasekhaya ezivimbela ukunqwabelana kwezintuli. Ezinye zaziye zasuswa izintuli ngemishini ukuze kuncishiswe ubungako bezintuli ezibonakalayo. Isifo samaphaphu amnyama siphatha amakhulu ezinkulungwane ezisebenzi zasezimayini; minyaka yonke, izisebenzi esezithathe umhlala-phansi zasezimayini ezingaba ngu-4 000 ziba nemiphumela yaso ekhubaza kancane kancane bese ziyafa.
Ukuvikela Abapristi Abanukubeza Izingane Ngokobulili?
“Abanye abengameli bamasonto basabavikela abapristi abamangalelwa ngamacala okunukubeza izingane ngokobulili,” sasho kanjalo isihloko esikhulu samuva sephephandaba laseU.S. iNational Catholic Reporter. Abaleliphephandaba baxoxa noJeffrey Anderson, ummeli osebenza kakhulu ngamacala okunukubeza ngokobulili. Ulinganisela ukuthi kusukela ngo-1985, lapho ukunukubeza izingane ngokobulili okwenziwa abapristi kucwaningwa ngokwengeziwe umphakathi, kuye kwaba namacala angaphezu kwenkulungwane lapho abapristi banukubeza khona izingane ngokobulili. UAnderson wayenamagama ashubile ngokusabela kwesonto kulomonakalo oqhubekayo: “Kuwumlando oqhubekayo wokubalekela umthwalo wemfanelo,” uyakugxeka, elahla ukugxila kwesonto ekuvikeleni abefundisi abamangalelwayo. “Njengomthetho ovamile, ukusabela kwesonto kuye kwaba okungenele kokubili ekunakekeleni izisulu nasekubhekaneni nezingozi.”
Ukungalali Kahle
“Abantu abangashadile balala kahle kakhulu, abantu abashadile balala kahle nje, kanti abafelokazi noma abantu abadivosile abahlala bodwa bakhathazwa kakhulu ukungalali kahle,” kubika iphephabhuku lezokwelapha laseJalimane iÄrztliche Praxis. Ukuhlola okwenziwa ezigulini ezingu-1 500 eziphakathi kweminyaka engu-18 nengu-65 ubudala kwembula ukuthi amaphesenti angu-19 njalo ayengalali kahle okwakuwenza akhathale phakathi nosuku, amaphesenti angu-31 ayenezinkinga ngokulala kwawo, nakuba kwakungekubi kangako, futhi ingxenye kuphela eyabika ukungabi nankinga ekulaleni. Inkinga yokungalali kahle yayiphakeme kubantu asebethathe umhlala-phansi, abangasebenzi, abaphazamisekile ngokomzwelo, nabagula kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, “abantu besilisa balala kangcono kunabantu besifazane,” kuphawula leliphephabhuku, futhi “abagugile balala kabi kunabasebancane.”
Ukuvikela Izilwane Zasendle ZaseAsia
Leyo inselele ebhekene namazwe aseAsia afana neThailand. Ngokukamagazini iAsiaweek, iWorld Wide Fund for Nature iye yabalula iThailand yodwa ngokudayisa kwayo okungemthetho ngezilwane zasendle ezisengozini, ibiza lelizwe ngokuthi “imakethe enkulu yezilwane zasendle yomhlaba wonke.” Ngokusobala umthetho waseThailand awuzivikeli izilwane zasendle ezingezona ezendabuko kulelozwe; khona-ke, iThailand iye yaba umkhakha okhethwayo wokushushumbisa izilwane ezisengozini ezivela emazweni aseduze. Kunezimakethe lapho izilwane nezinyoni eziningi kudayiswa khona, futhi ezinye izitolo zokudlela zize ngisho zibonise ‘ukudla kwasehlathini’ ezincwadini zazo zokudla ezikuthengisayo, kuhlanganise nenyama yezilwane ezisengozini ezifana nengwenya, inyamazane ekhonkothayo, nengulube yasendle.
Ukwanda Okusheshayo Kwezinto Ezenziwa Yisonto
NgokweBureau of Statistics yaseAustralia, ukwanda okusheshayo kwabalandeli akwenzeki emasontweni ayinhloko noma ngisho phakathi kwamaqembu ashisekela ivangeli. Kunalokho, ukubalwa kwango-1986 kwembula ukwanda okusheshayo enanini labantu abasho ngokucacile ukuthi babengenankolo noma abashiya imibuzo engaphenduliwe ngenkolo efomini lokubalwa. Ukubala kwabonisa ukuthi cishe amaphesenti angu-25 abantu baseAustralia bakulesisigaba, noma bacishe bawaphinde kabili amaphesenti eminyaka engu-20 edlule. Kodwa uDkt. G. Bailey, uprofesa wezenkolo waseyunivesithi, watshela iWeekend Australian, iphephandaba laseSydney, ukuthi abantu abanjalo nakuba benjalo banayo “into ethatha indawo yenkolo.” Wabhekisela embonweni wezwe wokuthanda izinto ezibonakalayo, “nokugcizelela kwalo ebugovwini nebhizinisi nomgomo walo wokusinda ngokuba nezinto ezibonakalayo nokulondeka ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo.”