Ukubuka Okwezwe

Ingabe Umbono Wesibili Ubalulekile?

I-News yaseMexico City ithi: “Uma kuziwa ekutholeni umbono wesibili kwezokwelapha, abaningi bethu bamane behlise umoya. Kodwa ukuntula isibindi okunjalo kungazibulala iziguli.” Iziguli zivame ukwesaba ukuthi udokotela wazo uzocasuka uma zifuna ukuthola umbono wesibili. Kodwa leli phephandaba lithi “odokotela abaningi abanandaba uma iziguli zibuza. Uma owakho engathandi, kungase kusho ukuthi kunenkinga.” Namuhla, odokotela nezinkampani zomshuwalense babheka ukuthola umbono wesibili njengendlela enhle yokuqinisekisa ukwelashwa kweziguli okungcono. UDkt. Michael Andrews, umongameli we-Georgia Society of Clinical Oncology, uthi ukhuthaza iziguli zakhe ukuba zithole umbono wesibili ngoba zivame ukubuya ziqiniseka kakhulu ngokutusa kwakhe. Umqondisi weqembu lempilo yomphakathi wathi: “Iziguli kudingeka zikhumbule ukuthi kusetshenzwa ngemizimba yazo.”

Abangane Abayingozi

Ucwaningo olwabikwa kuyi-Journal of the American Medical Association luthi abasha abashayelayo banamathuba amaningi okuthola ingozi bafe uma kunabagibeli emotweni. Abacwaningi eJohns Hopkins University, eMaryland, e-U.S.A., bathola ukuthi amathuba okuba umshayeli oneminyaka engu-16 afe akhuphuka ngamaphesenti angu-39 uma enomgibeli oyedwa, ngamaphesenti angu-86 uma kunabagibeli ababili nangamaphesenti angu-282 uma kunabagibeli abathathu noma ngaphezulu. Izizathu eziyinhloko ezishiwo kulolu cwaningo “yimikhuba yokushayela eyingozi . . . , ehambisana nokuba khona kontanga.” Imikhuba eyingozi enjalo ihlanganisa ukugijima, ukusondela kakhulu kwezinye izimoto, ukweqa irobhothi livalile, ukushayela udle izidakamizwa noma uphuze utshwala nokuphazanyiswa abagibeli abadlala kabi.

“Bakhulile Futhi Bahlakaniphile”

I-Times yaseLondon ibika ukuthi abacwaningi baye bathola ukuthi izingxenye zobuchopho ziyakwazi ukukhiqiza amangqamuzana amasha lapho abantu bekhula. Kuqala kwakukholelwa ukuthi amangqamuzana obuchopho awawakhiqizi amanye uma usumdala. I-Times ithi: “Isihluthulelo sokuwakhuthaza ukuba akhule ukugcina ingqondo iphapheme.” Ukuhlolwa kwamuva nje kwabantu abeve eminyakeni engu-65 ubudala kutholé ukuthi ukufunda nokuxhumana nabanye abantu kukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana obuchopho amasha nezinzwa zawo. Abacwaningi bathola ukuthi ukuhlangana nabanye abantu kuthuthukisa “impilo, ubude besikhathi sokuphila nezinga lokuphila.” Usosayensi wezinzwa uSusan Greenfield uyaphawula: “Lapho unokuhlangenwe nakho okuningi, kulapho ukhalipha kakhulu. Ngakho abantu bakhula nokuhlakanipha.”

Indlela YaseNyakatho Nolwandle

Umthengisi wezinongo wekhulu le-16 uRobert Thorne wayefisa ukuthola indlela yasolwandle esuka eYurophu iye eMpumalanga Ekude enqamula e-Arctic. I-Times yaseLondon ibika ukuthi namuhla, isifiso sikaThorne sesigcwalisekile ngenxa yokufudumala kwembulunga yonke. Amanzi asogwini lwaseRussia naseMpumalanga Siberia manje asencibilika cishe ngokuphelele ezinyangeni zasehlobo, okwenza ukuba imikhumbi yezimpahla ikwazi ukuhamba isuka oLwandle LwaseNyakatho, izungeze i-Arctic Circle, iye ePacific idlule eBering Strait. Uma amanzi eyiqhwa kulo mzila, imikhumbi esuka eYurophu kufanele isebenzise iSuez Canal, ihambe ngasemaphethelweni eningizimu ye-Afrika, noma inqamule iPanama Canal ukuze iyofika eMpumalanga Ekude. Zinkulu izinzuzo zokonga uma kusetshenziswa indlela yasolwandle esenyakatho. Cishe yenza ibanga eliphakathi kweHamburg, eJalimane neYokohama, eJapane libe isigamu—libe ngaphansi kwamakhilomitha angu-13 000.

Izinkinga Zokuhlola Igazi

Umbiko we-Associated Press uthi: “Amazwe omhlaba angaphezu kwesigamu ayahluleka ukulihlola ngokuphelele igazi elithekelisiwe, okwandisa ingozi yokusakaza ingculaza nezinye izifo.” Lo mbiko osekelwe ekwazisweni okuvela kuyi-World Health Organization, uthi futhi “kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu abangamaphesenti amahlanu kuya kwayishumi abanengculaza bayithola ngokumpontshelwa igazi.” Nokho, ingculaza imane nje ingesinye sezifo ezidluliselwa ngale ndlela. Unyaka ngamunye, bayizigidi ezingu-8 kuya kwezingu-16 abathola isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B kanti bayizigidi ezimbili kuya kwezine abathola isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C ngokumpontshelwa igazi nokujovwa ngemijovo engaphephile. Esinye isizathu esinikezwayo esibangela ukuba igazi lingahlolwa ngokufanele ukuthi kuyabiza. Kubiza amaRandi angu-280 kuya kwangu-350 ukuhlola iphayinti ngalinye. Noma kunjalo, lo mbiko uphawula ukuthi ukuhlola okunjalo “akuthembekile ngaso sonke isikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma kwenziwa yizisebenzi ezingaqeqeshiwe ngokwanele noma ezisebenzisa amathuluzi angenele.”

Ukuxhashazwa Kwezingane ENdiya

I-New Indian Express ibika ukuthi njalo emizuzwini eyishumi eNdiya ingane eyodwa inikelwa ekudayiseni ngomzimba. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izingane zaseNdiya ezingaba ngu-50 000 ziphoqelelwa ukuba zidayise ngobulili njalo ngonyaka. Esifundazweni saseKerala, umhlangano ophathelene nokuxhashazwa kwezingane ngokobulili wabika omunye umphumela oshaqisayo. Leli phephandaba lithi odokotela kulelo zwe “bamanqikanqika ukuhlola izingane ezidlwenguliwe ngoba abanabo ubuchwepheshe bokwenza kanjalo, futhi abafuni nokuhileleka.” Kwezinye izimo, ngisho nabazali baba nesandla kule nkinga. UNsumpa we-Central Vigilance uSreelekha uthi: “Abazali bamanqikanqika ukubika amacala [okudlwengulwa] kwezingane ngenxa yokuthi bangase bakhishwe inyumbazane emphakathini.”

Ukudla Ndawonye Njengomkhaya Kunempilo Kakhulu

Iphephandaba i-Globe and Mail lithi enye yezindlela ezingcono kakhulu ngabazali zokuqiniseka ukuthi izingane zabo zinempilo enhle ukudla nazo. NgokukaDkt. Matthew Gillman weHarvard Medical School, “ukudla okuphekelwe umkhaya kuba nempilo kakhulu kunalokho obekungase kudliwe yizingane nentsha.” Izingane ezidla ukudla ekhaya zinamathuba angcono okudla isilinganiso esifanele sezithelo nemifino, zithole amavithamini namaminerali eziwadingayo futhi zidle ushukela namafutha amancane. Abacwaningi baye bathola nokuthi ukudla ndawonye njengomkhaya kuvusa izingxoxo ngokudla okunempilo futhi kugxilisa imikhuba yokudla engcono ezinganeni—imikhuba eziyoqhubeka nayo noma zidla ngaphandle. I-Globe ithi lolu cwaningo olusha oluqhubekayo olwenziwe ezinganeni ezingaba ngu-16 000 ezineminyaka ephakathi kwengu-9 nengu-14 ubudala, lwathola ukuthi “yizingane zesikole ezimbili kuphela kwezinhlanu ezivame ukudla nabazali bazo kusihlwa, kanti eyodwa kwezinhlanu ayidli nhlobo nabo.”

Abaphothi Abayizingcweti

Umagazini i-New Scientist uthi: “Ulwembu lwesicabucabu lungenye yezinto eziqine kakhulu eMhlabeni.” Umucu ngamunye unganwebeka ngokuphindwe kabili kuya kokuphindwe kane ngaphambi kokuba ugqashuke futhi uqine kangangokuthi kuye kwathiwa umucu wolwembu olingana nomsizi wepensela ungamisa indiza enkulu lapho indiza. Abacwaningi bebelokhu bezama ukuthola imfihlo yokuphotha kwesicabucabu ukuze isetshenziswe ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, lo magazini uthi okwamanje indwangu okwenziwa ngayo izikibha ezingangeni nhlamvu ngokukhethekile yi-Kevlar, indwangu eyenziwa “nge-asidi yesibabule ejiyisiwe bese ishisiswa ize icishe ibile.” Kodwa nakuba izinto ezisala ngemva kokukhiqizwa kwe-Kevlar ziyingozi futhi kunzima ukuzilahla, izicabucabu ziphotha ulwembu “ngamaprotheni namanzi avamile, ngamazinga e-asidi nokushisa afana nalawo atholakala emlonyeni womuntu.” Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ngxube yamanzi namaprotheni iphothwa yenziwe umucu ongeke uqedwe imvula. Ngakho, i-New Scientist ithi: “Naphezu kweminyaka eminingi yocwaningo, ulwembu lwesicabucabu luseyimpicabadala.”

Ukungcola Ekhaya

I-Times yaseLondon ithi: “Ingaphakathi lomuzi wakho linamathuba aphindwe kayishumi okuba lingcole kunengadi yakho esegcekeni.” Ukuhlolwa kwemizi yaseBrithani engu-174 okwenziwa yi-Building Research Establishment kwabonisa ukuthi amazinga omhwamuko we-formaldehyde, obangelwa yifenisha ye-chipboard nezinye izinto zokwenziwa, ayephakeme ngokuphindwe kayishumi ngaphakathi endlini kunangaphandle. Engu-12 yemizi eyahlolwa yayingafaneleki ngokwezinga lomoya onempilo le-World Health Organization. Ifenisha yezinto zokwenziwa, iphansi, izinto zokwakha nezokuhlobisa ze-vinyl, amakhemikhali okuhlanza noma izinto zokufudumeza indlu noma zokupheka zingakhipha isisi, i-nitrogen dioxide, umhwamuko we-benzene, noma izinhlanganisela ezihwamukayo. Umhwamuko we-benzene, okwaziwa ukuthi ubanga umdlavuza, uyisici sezifutho zokuhlanza nentuthu kagwayi, okungenye yezinto eziyinhloko ezingcolisa endlini. UCharlotte Gann, umhleli kamagazini i-Health Which? uthi abantu abaningi bachitha isikhathi esingamaphesenti angu-80 kuya kwangu-90 besendlini. Weluleka ukuba “kuncishiswe imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali, kuvulwe amafasitela futhi kuhlolwe izinto zegesi” ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga lomoya onempilo endlini.