Ingabe Ukungabi Nabulungisa Akunakugwemeka?
“Naphezu kwakho konke ngisakholelwa ukuthi abantu banezinhliziyo ezinhle ngempela. Anginakwakhela amathemba ami esisekelweni esinokudideka, usizi nokufa.”—U-Anne Frank.
U-ANNE FRANK, intombazanyana engumJuda eneminyaka engu-15 ubudala, wabhala lawo mazwi athinta umzwelo encwadini yakhe yezenzakalo zansuku zonke ngaphambi nje kokushona kwakhe. Umkhaya wakubo wawucashiswe ekamelweni elingaphansi kophahla e-Amsterdam iminyaka engaphezu kwemibili. Amathemba akhe ezwe elingcono ashabalala lapho impimpi iwudalula kumaNazi. Ngonyaka olandelayo, ngo-1945, u-Anne wabulawa isifo sezintwala ekamu lokuhlushwa laseBergen-Belsen. Amanye amaJuda ayizigidi eziyisithupha abhekana nesimo esifanayo.
Isu likaHitler lobudeveli lokuqothula sonke isizwe lingase libe isenzakalo esibi kunazo zonke sokungabi nabulungisa ngokohlanga okwenzeka ekhulwini lethu leminyaka, kodwa akusona kuphela. Ngo-1994 amaTutsi angaphezu kwengxenye yesigidi abulawa eRwanda, ngenxa nje yokuba awesizwe “esingafanele.” Futhi phakathi nempi yezwe yokuqala, abantu base-Armenia abangaba isigidi bafa ekuqothulweni kohlanga.
Izici Ezinonya Zokungabi Nabulungisa
Ukuqothulwa kohlanga akusona kuphela isici sokungabi nabulungisa. Ukungabi nabulungisa ngokwenhlalo kwenza abantu abangaba ingxenye yesihlanu yalo lonke uhlanga lwesintu babhekane nobumpofu obubhubhisayo ukuphila kwabo konke. Okubi nakakhulu, iqembu elilwela amalungelo abantu okuthiwa i-Anti-Slavery International lithi abantu abalinganiselwa ngaphezu kuka-200 000 000 bayizigqila. Kungenzeka ukuthi ezweni namuhla kunezigqila eziningi kakhulu kunanini emlandweni. Zingase zingathengiswa ezindalini zomphakathi, kodwa izimo zazo zokusebenza ngokuvamile zimbi kakhulu kunezezigqila eziningi zangesikhathi esidlule.
Ukungabi nabulungisa okungokomthetho kuphuca izigidi amalungelo azo ayisisekelo. “Izenzo zonya ezithinta amalungelo abantu zenziwa nsuku zonke, ndawana-thile emhlabeni,” kusho i-Amnesty International embikweni wayo ka-1996. “Abasengozini kakhulu abampofu nabanezimo ezingezinhle, ikakhulukazi abesifazane, izingane, abantu asebekhulile nababaleki.” Lo mbiko waphawula: “Kwamanye amazwe, izimiso zikahulumeni wezwe ziye zawa ngokuqondile, zishiya kungenagunya elingokomthetho lokuvikela ababuthakathaka kwabanamandla.”
Phakathi no-1996 amashumi ezinkulungwane aboshwa futhi ahlushwa emazweni angaphezu kwekhulu. Futhi eminyakeni yamuva, amakhulu ezinkulungwane zabantu aye anyamalala, ngokusobala ethunjwa amabutho ezokuvikela noma amaqembu amaphekula. Abaningi babo kucatshangwa ukuthi bafa.
Yiqiniso ukuthi izimpi, ngokungenakugwenywa, azinabo ubulungisa, futhi ziya ziba zimbi nakakhulu. Izimpi zanamuhla zihlasela umphakathi ongahilelekile empini, kuhlanganise nabesifazane nezingane. Futhi lokhu akubangelwa nje ukubhonjwa kwamadolobha ngokungakhethi. Abesifazane namantombazane badlwengulwa ngokwenqubo ehleliwe eyingxenye yokusebenza kwebutho lezempi, futhi amaqembu amaningi amavukela-mbuso athumba ngenkani izingane ukuze aziqeqeshele ukuba zibe ababulali. Uphawula ngalezi zinto ezenzekayo, umbiko weZizwe Ezihlangene othi “Ithonya Izimpi Ezinalo Ezinganeni” uthi: “Ingxenye eyandayo yezwe iya intula ukuziphatha.”
Akungabazeki ukuthi lokhu kuntuleka kokuziphatha kuye kwaholela ezweni eligcwele ukungabi nabulungisa—ngokohlanga, ngokwezenhlalo, ngokomthetho noma ngokwezempi. Yiqiniso, lokhu akukusha. Eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-2 500 edlule, umprofethi ongumHeberu wakhononda: “Umthetho ubuthakathaka futhi awusizi, futhi abenziwa ubulungisa. Abantu ababi banqoba abalungileyo, ngakho ubulungisa buyahlanekezelwa.” (Habakuki 1:4, Today’s English Version) Nakuba ukungabi nabulungisa bekulokhu kudlangile, kumelwe ukuthi ikhulu lethu lama-20 leminyaka liyisikhathi lapho ukungabi nabulungisa kufinyelele ezingeni elisha eliphakeme.
Ingabe Kunendaba Ukuthi Abukho Ubulungisa?
Kuba nendaba lapho kuhlupheka we-na ngenxa yokungabi nabulungisa. Kunendaba ngoba kwephuca iningi lohlanga lwesintu ilungelo lalo lokuba nenjabulo. Futhi kunendaba ngoba ngokuvamile ukungabi nabulungisa kuphehla izimpi ezinokuchitheka kwegazi, ezibangela ukuba ukungabi nabulungisa kuqhubeke kukhona.
Ukuthula nenjabulo kuhlangene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa nobulungisa, kodwa ukungabi nabulungisa kuqeda ithemba futhi kushabalalise isimo sokuba nethemba. Kunjengoba u-Anne Frank akuthola ngendlela ebuhlungu, abantu abanakwakhela amathemba abo esisekelweni esinokudideka, usizi nokufa. Njengaye, sonke silangazelela okuthile okungcono.
Lesi sifiso siye saholela abantu abaqotho ekubeni bazame ukuletha isilinganiso esithile sobulungisa emphakathini wesintu. Ukuze bafeze lokhu, i-Universal Declaration of Human Rights, eyamukelwa uMkhandlu-jikelele WeZizwe Ezihlangene ngo-1948 yathi: “Bonke abantu bazalwa bekhululekile futhi belingana ngesithunzi nangamalungelo. Banengqondo nonembeza futhi kufanele baphathane ngomoya [ofana nowabantu] abazalwa ndawonye.”
Lawa amazwi amahle impela, kodwa kusekude kakhulu ukuba isintu sifinyelele lo mgomo oyigugu—umphakathi onobulungisa lapho wonke umuntu ejabulela amalungelo alinganayo futhi wonke umuntu ephatha omunye aphila naye njengomfowabo. Ukufinyelela lo mgomo, njengoba isingeniso se-UN Declaration sibonisa, kuyoba “isisekelo senkululeko, ubulungisa nokuthula emhlabeni.”
Ingabe ukungabi nabulungisa kugxile emphakathini wesintu kangangokuthi akunakususwa nanini? Noma ingabe siyobekwa ngandlela-thile isisekelo esiqinile senkululeko, ubulungisa nokuthula? Uma kunjalo, ubani ongasibeka futhi aqiniseke ukuthi kuzuza wonke umuntu?
[Umthombo Wesithombe ekhasini 3]
UPI/Corbis-Bettmann