Umdlala Kanobhutshuzwayo WeNdebe Yomhlaba—Umdlalo Noma Impi?
Ngumlobeli wePhaphama! eItaly
UKUNAKA kwezwe lonke kwakugxile emdlalweni kanobhutshuzwayo. Kusukela ngoJune 8 kuya kuJuly 8, 1990, amehlo abantu abangamakhulu ezigidi ayegqolozele amathelevishini abo ukuze balandelele isehlakalo sonyaka—umncintiswano kanobhutshuzwayo weNdebe Yomhlaba owawuseItaly. Ingqikithi yomhlaba wonke yezethameli zethelevishini yabantu abangu-30 000 000 000 yabuka njengoba kuqhubeka imidlalo engu-52—lelo inani eliphindwe kasithupha labantu abahlala emhlabeni wonke!
Lombukwane wethelevishini wenziwa waba nokwenzeka ngokuhlela okungakaze kubonwe kobuchwepheshe bezinga eliphezulu—isikhungo seTV sokuxhumanisa iziteshi ezingu-147 esimelela amazwe angu-118, namakhamera ethelevishini angu-180, imishini yokuhlunga engu-38, nochwepheshe abangu-1 500. Futhi okwakukhona kulemidlalo, eyayisezinkundleni zemidlalo kanobhutshuzwayo ezingu-12 zaseItaly, kwakuyizibukeli ezingu-2 515 000 nabacosheli bezindaba abangu-6 000 abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba. Nokho, amanani, awayilandisi yonke indaba. Ukuze kuchazwe “lokhu kubalekela isimo esingokoqobo” okukhulu, njengoba abanye babekubiza kanjalo, ababhali, izazi zezenhlalo, izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo, izingcweti, ngisho nezazi zenkolo zaphawula ngalesisehlakalo.
Nokho, ingabe umdlalo kanobhutshuzwayo weNdebe Yomhlaba waba nengxenye ebunyeni bomhlaba wonke nasekuziphatheni okufanele kubadlali? Njengoba zazihlanganiswe uthando lwazo lwalomdlalo, ingabe izigidi zabantu ababukela lemidlalo ngesatellite zakwazi ukunqoba inzondo yazo yobuzwe phakathi nalezozinsuku ezingu-30? Ingabe umdlalo kanobhutshuzwayo wasebenza njengamandla obunye?
Umdlalo Noma Impi?
Ake sicabangele isici esisodwa nje esivamile emidlalweni eminingi yanamuhla—ubudlova. Lesisici senzeka kaningi emidlalweni kanobhutshuzwayo—enkundleni, ezindaweni ezihlala izibukeli, nangaphandle kwenkundla. Izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo, ezenhlalo, nabacosheli bezindaba bayavumelana ngokuthi ezweni elinobudlova kangaka, ezemidlalo azehlukile kulokhu. Izindinganiso zokuziphatha eziyisisekelo zihlanekezelwa ngokuqhubekayo. Njengomzamo wokuvala amaqiniso obudlova emidlalweni yanamuhla, ukusetshenziswa kwemisho efana nethi “umdlalo uyisehlakalo esithembekile,” “umoya wobungane,” noma “ubuhlobo” akusebenzi.
Umncintiswano weNdebe Yomhlaba wawungahlukile. Esikhathini esithile ngaphambi kokuba iqale, kwezwakala imibiko eshaqisayo. Isihloko esikhulu seRepubblica ezinsukwini ezingu-18 ngaphambi komdlalo wokuqala safundeka kanje, “Ubudlova Babathandi Bomdlalo Kanobhutshuzwayo Buyethusa Futhi Izivakashi Zifulathela I-Italy.” Okwakwesatshwa kakhulu kwakuyizigebengu ezaziwayo, ingxenye yeqembu laseNgilandi labalandeli bomdlalo kanobhutshuzwayo eyaziwa kulo lonke elaseYurophu ngokucekela kwayo phansi impahla ngaphambi, phakathi nangemva kwayo yonke imidlalo.a
Uhlelo lwangoJune 1, 1990, lwephephandaba laseTurin iStampa lwahlaziya izimbangela zobudlova ezinkundleni zemidlalo nokuziphatha ngokungacabangi kwezigebengu, ithi: “Ohlangeni lwezemidlalo, manje akunazilinganiso ezincane. Abangezwani akusekhona nje ukuthi abezwani kuphela kodwa ‘sebeyizitha’; ingxabano akuyona nje into eyenzeka ngokwethukela kodwa isiwumthetho, futhi kumelwe ukuba kunzima, kunzima kakhulu.” Kodwa kungani? “‘Kungenxa yokuthi siyazondana,’ kuphendula ezinye izigebengu zasemdlalweni kanobhutshuzwayo zaseBologna.” Sizama ukuchaza imbangela yenzondo enjalo, isazi sezenhlalo uAntonio Roversi sathi: “Abathandi benkundla yebhola likanobhutshuzwayo baphathwa i‘bedouin syndrome.’ Labo abaphethwe yilesifo babheka izitha zabangane babo njengezitha zabo, abangane bezitha zabo njengezitha zabo, futhi umngane womngane ungumngane futhi isitha sesitha singumngane.”
Inzondo, ubudlova, umbango, ukucekela phansi impahla, i“bedouin syndrome”—umncintiswano webhola likanobhutshuzwayo weNdebe Yomhlaba wawusazoqala, kodwa kakade umoya wawungowokumemezela impi. Naphezu kwalokhu, i-Italy yalungiselela lesisehlakalo ngomoya wenjabulo.
Isibusiso Sikapapa
Ngisho nopapa, ongalokothi aphuthelwe ukuba khona phakathi kwezixuku zabantu, wavakashela “ithempeli” leNdebe Yomhlaba, iNkundla Yemidlalo YeOlympic evuselelwe eRoma, futhi wayibusisa. Wathi: “Ngaphandle kokuba umkhosi wemidlalo, iMincintiswano Yomhlaba Yomdlalo Kanobhutshuzwayo ingaba umkhosi wokwakha ubunye phakathi kwabantu.” Wenezela ngokuthi imidlalo yanamuhla kumelwe igweme izingozi ezimbi, njengokuphishekela inzuzo yezinto ezibonakalayo okungalawuleki, ukugcizelela ngokweqile ekubukiseni, ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa, ukukhwabanisa, nobudlova. Wazwakalisa ithemba “lokuthi imizamo nokuzidela okwenziwayo kuyokwenza i‘Italia ’90’ ibe yisikhahi sokwanda komoya wokuzwana kubantu enihlala nabo nakubo bonke abantu.” UParide Di Luca ongumJesuit, owayengumdlali webhola likanobhutshuzwayo, wenanela imizwa kapapa ‘eMthandazweni Wabalandeli Bomdlalo Kanobhutshuzwayo’ awenza lapho ethi: “Awu Nkulunkulu wami, woza uzobona umncintiswano weNdebe Yomhlaba.”
Kodwa ingabe leNdebe Yomhlaba yayiwumkhosi omuhle ngempela? Ingabe uNkulunkulu wendawo yonke wayeyoba nendaba nawo? Ake sibheke umdlalo njengoba unjalo ngempela, nezindinganiso oziphakamisayo.
Izigebengu Zemidlalo
Ngenxa yezigebengu, amadolobha afana neCagliari neTurin ahlala esesimweni sokuhlaselwa kuyo yonke ingxenye yokuqala yesikhathi semincintiswano. Nazi ezinye izihloko eziqhamile zamaphephandaba: “IRimini Izanyazanyiswa Yimpi”; “ECagliari, Impi Iyagqashuka”; “Ubudlova ETurin: UmJalimane NomBrithani Bagwaziwe”; “Usuku Lokubhikisha Phakathi Kwabalandeli BeNgilandi, IJalimane, NeItaly”; “Sisindiseni Kubalandeli BeNgilandi—IMeya YaseTurin Iyanxusa”; “Ubusuku Bemibango Phakathi Kwabezombangazwe. IMeya: AbaseTurin Bayizigebengu Zangempela.” Nasi esinye isibonelo esihlasimulisayo: “‘Indlela Yokugwaza Umlandeli Ongakolunye Uhlangothi’—Ekhishwe ENgilandi, INcwadi Yesigebengu Sangempela.” Lezihloko eziqhamile zanele ukuba zikunike umfanekiso wesimo. Kodwa izinto ezinjalo zimane ziwumphumela ojwayelekile womphakathi obuka ubudlova.
Umkhosi omkhulu wezemidlalo awuphelanga kahle. Ukushaya amakhwelo ngendlela yendelelo kwabalandeli beItaly beshayela iqembu laseArgentina nompetha walo, uMaradona, ngokukhipha iqembu laseItaly, kwasibekela injabulo yomdlalo futhi kona umdlalo wokuphetha. NgalowoJuly ebusuku, kwakungekho “moya wokuzwana omuhle womdlalo” eNkundleni Yemidlalo YeOlympic; “ithempeli” leNdebe Yomhlaba lalingcolisiwe. ITempo kaJuly 10, 1990, yaphawula: “Ngaphandle enkundleni, bonakalisa umdlalo—ezihlalweni, bawungcolisa.”
Kwaba nesiphetho esidabukisayo somkhosi abanye ababenethemba lokuthi uzokwenza umhlaba ube “yisigodi sembulunga yonke” esingenamingcele okungenani izinsuku ezingu-30. Kodwa uma umdlalo kanobhutshuzwayo ungenakuletha ukuthula nobunye ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle kwenkundla, ingabe kuwukubheka izinto ngeso elingokoqobo ukucabanga ukuthi ungaba nethonya lokuthula komhlaba?
Umbono Olinganiselwe Ngomdlalo Kanobhutshuzwayo
IStampa yaphakamisa umdlalo kanobhutshuzwayo, iwuchaza “njengensalela engcwele yomzabalazo wokhokho, ibhola lezinyawo ilichaza njengophawu lokungabikezeleki, isisekelo sayo yonke imincintiswano yezemidlalo.” Uma kucatshangelwa lendlela yokucabanga, umKristu oqotho kumelwe awubheke kanjani umdlalo kanobhutshuzwayo? Ngempela, umKristu kumelwe ayibheke kanjani yonke imidlalo ekhokhelayo?
UBertrand Russell kuthiwa wathi ‘labo abangawuthandi umdlalo kanobhutshuzwayo baphuthelwa okuthile ekuphileni kwabo.’ Njengoba kulindelekile, ukudlala umdlalo kanobhutshuzwayo noma yinoma imuphi omunye umdlalo kungase kujabulise futhi kube nempilo, ikakhulukazi esikhathini lapho abantu abaningi kangaka behlala phansi isikhathi esiningi. Kodwa ingabe lokhu kusho ukuthi azikho izingozi ezihilelekile?
IBhayibheli lithi: “Masingafuni udumo oluze, [sincintisana, NW], sifelane umhawu.” (Galathiya 5:26) Imincintiswano yeNdebe Yomhlaba yakubonisa kahle indlela ubudlova nesimo sokufuna ukuphumelela kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwenzekani okuvame ukuhambisana ngayo. Lolu uhlangothi olungeluhle lwemidlalo ekhokhelayo. Ukuze agweme ‘lemisebenzi yenyama,’ amaKristu, kokubili angabadlali nayizibukeli, kumelwe agade umoya wawo, ikakhulukazi ngokuphathelene nesifiso sokuba ngungqá phambili. (Galathiya 5:19-21) Khumbula amazwi embongi: “Ngokuba lapho oyiNgcweti Enkulu Yokubalwa Kwemiphumela efika ukuzobhala eduze kwegama lakho, ubhala—hhayi ukuthi uphumelele noma wehluliwe—kodwa indlela odlale umdlalo ngayo.”
Esinye isici okungamelwe sikhohlakale isici sesikhathi. Ingabe uphakathi kwezigidi zezibukeli ezijolozela ithelevishini ezichitha amahora amaningi zibukela imidlalo? Ngokuphambene nalokho, singakanani isikhathi sakho osichithela ekunyakaziseni umzimba? Linganisela—leli yigama eliyisihluthulelo. Kusho ukuthola isikhathi sokunyakazisa umzimba nokuzilibazisa, ngaphandle kokudebeselela imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu engokomoya. Umphostoli uPawulu wanikeza uThimothewu osemusha iseluleko esibaluleke ngisho nakakhulu namuhla: “Ukujwayeza umzimba kusiza ingcosana, kepha ukumesaba uNkulunkulu kusiza ezintweni zonke, kunesithembiso salokhukuphila nalokho okuzayo.”—1 Thimothewu 4:8.
[Umbhalo waphansi]
a Enye incazelo yendabuko yegama elithi isigebengu, (“hooligan” ngesiNgisi) ithi: “Umuntu owayebizwa ngokuthi uPatrick Hooligan, owayehla enyuka komakhelwane bakhe, ebaphamba futhi ngezikhathi ezithile ebadukluza.”—IDictionary of Slang and Unconventional English, kaEric Partridge.
[Umthombo Wesithombe ekhasini 10]
Photo Agenzia Giuliani