Ungakwenza Ukuhamba Ngendiza Kulondeke Ngokwengeziwe

Ngumlobeli wePhaphama! eFinland

EZINSUKWINI zanamuhla, ukuhamba ngendiza kuyindlela esheshayo nevamile yokuhamba. Kucatshangelwa futhi njengenye yezindlela ezilondeke kakhulu.

Lokhu kulondeka kuwumphumela wemizamo yokuzimisela nebumbene yeziphathimandla nezinkampani zezindiza yokuqeda izingozi ezingase zivele. Ukulondeka kuxhomeke ezicini ezihlukahlukene. Izinkampani zezindiza zinengxenye ngokugcina izindiza zazo zisesimweni esihle ngokuzihlola nokuzilungisa njalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhambo ngalunye lwendiza luklanyelwa izindlela neziyalezo zokuthwalwa kwempahla eziningilizwe ngokucophelela. Imithwalo, izimpahla, neposi kufakwa endaweni yezimpahla ngokuvumelana nalezoziyalezo, futhi kwenziwa ukubalwa okuqondile kwesisindo nokulingana ngokuqondene nohambo lwendiza. Ingabe wake wacabanga ngawo wonke lamalungiselelo enziwa ngasese?

Kodwa ingabe yilokhu kuphela okukhona ngokuphathelene nokulondeka ohambweni lwendiza? Ngokuqinisekile akunjalo! Kunezici ezengeziwe lezo wena njengomgibeli wendiza onganezela kuzo ngokuqondile. Ngayiphi indlela? Ingabe bewazi ukuthi ungaba yingozi yokulondeka ungaqaphele? Noma ukuthi ungathuthukisa ukulondeka kukawonk’ uwonke ohambweni lwezindiza ngokwazi nangokugcina imithetho-sisekelo ethile yezokundiza?

Izinkampani Zezindiza Nokulondeka Kwakho

I-ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization), esebenza ngaphansi kokuqondisa kweZizwe Ezihlangene, iye yenza umzamo wokuthuthukisa ukulondeka kokuhamba ngezindiza, isebenza kanye nezinkampani zamabhizinisi ezindiza. I-IATA (International Air Transport Association) ne-ATA (Air Transport Association of America) ziye zasebenzelana ngokuseduze kakhulu ne-ICAO ngokuqondene nezindaba zokulondeka. Ziye zanyathelisa iziyalezo nezimfuneko futhi zalungiselela iziqondiso nokwaziswa kokuqeqesha ukuze kuzuze amalungu azo kanye nomphakathi uwonke.

Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha ezihlukahlukene nezinto ezenziwe ngamakhemikhali, kanye nemishini yama-electronic esetshenziswa abagibeli, kuye kwaphumela ekwandeni kwenani lezici ezingaba yingozi. Lokhu kuye kwaholela ekwandisweni kwezinyathelo zokulondeka nesidingo sokwenza abagibeli bazi ngakho.

Yiziphi Izimo Eziyingozi Ezingavela?

Imiphumela ebulalayo ibingavela kulezimo ezilandelayo:

(1) Ipotimende lelungu elithile leqembu labadlali abashibilika eqhweni lokheleka ebhandeni lokuthwala izimpahla ngaphambi kokuba lifakwe endizeni. Lapho lihlolwa, latholakala linoketshezi lokususa ingcina yezicathulo zokushibilika eqhweni. Loluketshezi lwaluye lwavuza esitsheni salo. Kwakukhona futhi nesokhela-mlilo se-gas epotimendeni, futhi inhlansi eyabangelwa ukunyakaza kwepotimende yokhela okungaphakathi ngomlilo. Ngenhlanhla, konke lokhu kwenzeka phansi emhlabeni futhi hhayi egumbini lokuthwalwa kwezimpahla ekuphakameni kwamamitha angu-11 000, lapho okwakungase kuphumele khona engozini engathi sína kakhulu.

(2) Ngendlela efanayo, umentshisi ovamile wathungeleka epotimendeni lomgibeli ngenxa yokukhuhlana kwezinto.

(3) Kwesinye isikhumulo sezindiza, izisebenzi zathola ibhodlela le-gas elivuzayo. Lelibhodlela ngokushesha laliqhubekela ekubeni ibhomu elicushiwe elizithathela isikhathi salo!

(4) I-acid eyayivuza ebhethrini lesihlalo sabakhubazekile esizihambelayo yabangela ukudleka nomonakalo omkhulu endizeni. Lendiza ayizange ivunyelwe ukuba indize izinsuku eziningana ukuze kwenziwe umsebenzi wokuhlanza nokulungisa, okwabangela ukulahlekelwa ngokwezimali kwalenkampani yezindiza.

Lokho Okungamelwe Kuhanjwe Nakho Endizeni

Izinhlangano zomhlaba wonke okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla zinyathelisa incwajana ebizwa ngokuthi Dangerous Goods Regulations, etholakala ezinkampanini zezindiza nakumanxusa ezokuthuthwa kwezimpahla. Eziningi zezimfuneko zayo zakha ingxenye yomthetho wezwe wezokundiza emazweni ahlukahlukene. Lezimfuneko zihlanganisa ukuhlelwa kwezinkulungwane zezinto eziyingozi kanye neziqondiso eziningiliziwe zokupakisha nokuthutha izinto ezinjalo.

Kukhona ezinye izinto nezimpahla ongavunyelwe nakancane ukuba uzithuthe ngendiza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinto ezingenakuthuthwa nemithwalo kodwa ezingase zivunyelwe njengempahla ethwalwa indiza ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile ezihlelwe kusengaphambili. Bese kuba nezinto—nakuba kuthiwa ziyingozi—imithetho yenkampani ngayinye yezindiza engase ikuvumele ukuba uhambe nazo ngezilinganiso ezincane, ngokwesibonelo ezimpahleni zakho oziphatha ngesandla. Noma nini lapho ungaqiniseki, kuhlakaniphile ukuthintana nenkampani yangakini yezindiza ngaphambi kohambo.

Ungakutholaphi Ukwaziswa Okudingekayo?

Izinkampani eziningi zezindiza zibhala ezimisweni zazo zokuhamba kwezindiza okwenqatshelwe ngokuphathelene nezinto eziyingozi. Ithikithi lakho nalo linohlu lwezinto nezimpahla ezenqatshelwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emhlanganweni wazo owaqhutshwa ngo-1989, izinkampani zezindiza emhlabeni wonke zanquma ukuqondisa ukunakekela komphakathi ezicini eziyingozi ongazidala ungahlosile. Ekuqaleni kuka-1990, lezinkampani zaqalisa umkhankaso owawuqondiswe kubagibeli. Kwagxonyekwa amapheshana ezikhumulweni zezindiza nasezinkampanini ezihlela uhambo ukuze kwaziswe umphakathi ukuthi kwakuyohlelwa izinto eziyingozi epheshaneni elaliyotholakala nethikithi.

Yini Ehlanganisiwe Ezimpahleni Nasezintweni Eziyingozi?

Kunezimpahla nezinto eziningi ezibonakala zingenangozi ezingabangela ingozi ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile endizeni. Ngokwesibonelo, ohambweni lwendiza, ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa nomfutho womoya kungase kubangele ukuvuza. Ezinye izinto zingase zibonakale zilondekile, kodwa njengoba zithintana nezinye izinto ezingenangozi ngokuvamile, zingabangela ukusabela kwamakhemikhali. Lokhu kungase kubangele umlilo noma kusakaze intuthu enoshevu. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuba wazi lokho okupakishayo epotimendeni lakho.

Njengoba kuboniswe ngaphambili, izinto ezenqatshelwe zihlanganisa umentshisi ovamile nezinto zokokhela ugwayi. Uvunyelwe ukuziphatha kuphela emthwalweni wakho owuphatha ngezandla.

Ukuthuthwa kwazo zonke izinhlobo zoketshezi olungokhela umlilo kwenqatshelwe. Upende, upholishi wamapulangwe, nezinto ezinamathelayo nakho kungaba yingozi, kungasaphathwa okwezinto eziwuketshezi njenge-thinner ne-acetone.

Zonke izinhlobo zama-gas angavutha, njengezibani ze-gas nalezo ezigcwaliswayo, zenqatshelwe endizeni.

Iziqhumane, izinto eziqhumayo ezikhipha umlilo, nama-signal flares nakho kwenqatshelwe ngenxa yokuba yingozi kwako.

Cishe uye wajwayelana nokusebenzisa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamakhemikhali nemikhiqizo enamandla ekhaya lakho. Ingabe bewazi ukuthi lapho uhamba ngendiza, ungase ungavunyelwa ukuba uthathe okunye kwako? Izinto ezenqatshelwe zihlanganisa ama-aerosol amaningi, izibulali-zilokazane, uketshezi lwe-bleach, kanye nezinto zokuhlanza. Zingase zibangele ukudleka noma ukugqwala noma zilimaze indiza noma ezinye izimpahla ezipakishwe nazo.

Izinto ezinamandla kazibuthe zingase ziphazamise ukusebenza kwamathuluzi endiza, futhi izinto ezikhipha imisebe zingabangela umonakalo ngokukhipha imisebe.

Ungase Uthinte Isimiso Sokuqondiswa Kwezindiza!

Kuleminyaka embalwa edlule, kungenzeka uye wakwazi ukujabulela ukusebenzisa zonke izinhlobo zezinto ezisunguliwe emkhakheni wama-electronic. Imisakazo, amakhamera e-video amancane, imishini edlala amaCD, nezingcingo eziphathwayo, kanye namathoyizi alawulwa ngemishini ethungatha amaza, kuye kwathandwa kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, uvunyelwe ukuba upakishe lezimpahla emthwalweni wakho kuphela uma uye wakhipha amabhethri. Njengoba imithetho ihlukahluka ngezinkampani zezindiza, kufanele uthintane nenxusa lezokuthutha ngaphambi kokuba upakishe. Nokho, kungumthetho owaziwayo ukuthi awunakusebenzisa imishini yalolohlobo phakathi nohambo lwendiza njengoba kungase kuphazamise isimiso sokuqondiswa kwendiza.

Umgibeli ngamunye uvunyelwe ukuthwala inani elilinganiselwe lemithi, izimonyo, nophuzo oludakayo komuntu siqu, futhi ama-aerosol anjengesifutho sezinwele nezinqanda-mjuluko ngokuvamile zingase zihlanganiswe emthwalweni.

Ingabe Uthuthukisa Ukulondeka Ohambweni?

Ingabe uyazilalela zonke leziqondiso? Ingabe uyawuqaphela umthwalo wakho wemfanelo? Ngaphambi kokupakisha izimpahla zohambo lwakho lwendiza olulandelayo, hlala phansi futhi ngokucophelela ufunde imibandela yezohambo, ikakhulukazi imithetho ephathelene nezinto eziyingozi. Siye saxoxa ngezimfuneko ezivamile kulendaba, kodwa kungase kube nokungafani ezinkampanini zezindiza ezihlukahlukene.

Uma ungaqiniseki ngento ethile ofisa ukuhamba nayo, ungangabazi ukuthintana nenkampani yakho yezindiza ukuze nje uqiniseke. Kanjalo, ungase ugweme ukwephula imithetho ungahlosile. Ngalokho, ugwema futhi ukuzifaka wena, abagibeli abakanye nawe, nempahla yenkampani yezindiza ezimweni eziyingozi. Yebo, ungakwenza ukuhamba ngendiza kulondeke ngokwengeziwe.

[Isithombe ekhasini 25]

Ingabe ungakwazi ukubona ukuthi yiziphi kulezinto ezingafuneki emthwalweni wakho?