Baphi Abathembekile?
NGUMLOBELIWE-PHAPHAMA!ESPAIN
“Ayikho into ebulala kakhulu enkolweni njengokungabi nasithakazelo.”
U-EDMUND BURKE, ISIKHULU SIKAHULUMENI WASEBRITHANI SEKHULU LE-18.
ETHAFENI elivunguza umoya enyakatho yeSpain kunedolobhana laseCaleruega. Leli dolobhana langenkathi ephakathi linesakhiwo esikhangayo sezindelakazi zamaRoma. Sakhiwa eminyakeni engu-700 edlule kuhlonishwa uDomingo de Guzmán, umsunguli wesigaba sikaDominic, owazalelwa lapha. Sekuyiminyaka engamakhulu angu-7 lesi sakhiwo sinezindelakazi ezikhetha ukuhlala ngokuthula nangokuzehlukanisa.
Uphahla lwalesi sakhiwo luyavuza, futhi izindonga zasendulo seziqala ukubhidlika. Kodwa owesifazane ophethe izindelakazi ukhathazeke ngokuwohloka okukuyo yonke indawo—ukubhidlika kwenkolo ngokwayo. Uyachaza: “Lapho ngifika kulesi sakhiwo sezindelakazi cishe eminyakeni engu-30 edlule, kwakunezindelakazi ezingu-40. Manje singu-16 kuphela. Azikho ezingabantu abasebasha. Ubizo olungokwenkolo kubonakala luyinto yesikhathi esidlule.”
Okwenzeka eCaleruega kwenzeka kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Akuzange kube khona ukumelana nenkolo, kumane kwaba ukushiya buthule okubuhlungu. Amasonto adumile aseYurophu akhonza izivakashi ezibuka amazwe kunokuba akhange “abathembekile” bendawo. Isonto elake laba likhulu—kungakhathaliseki ukuthi elamaProthestani noma amaKatolika—linqotshwa ukungabi nasithakazelo. Ukuphila kwabantu kubuswa izithakazelo zezwe kunokuba kubuswe izithakazelo ezingokwenkolo—umkhuba abakhulumeli bamasonto abawubiza ngokuthi ubuqaba. Kubonakala sengathi inkolo ayisabalulekile. Kungenzeka yini ukuthi isimo senkolo eYurophu siyisandulela sokuwohloka okufanayo osekuzogadla kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba?
Kwenzekani Kubantu Abaya Esontweni?
Lesi senzakalo asisisha neze enyakatho yeYurophu. Amaphesenti amahlanu kuphela amaLuthela aseScandinavia aya esontweni njalo. EBrithani amaphesenti amathathu kuphela abantu abathi bangamaSheshi abaya ezinkonzweni zangeSonto. Kodwa manje, kubonakala sengathi amaKatolika aseningizimu yeYurophu alandela isibonelo somakhelwane bawo basenyakatho.
EFrance, izwe eligcwele amaKatolika, isakhamuzi esisodwa kuphela kweziyishumi esiya esontweni kanye ngesonto. Kuleminyaka engu-25 edlule, inani labantu baseSpain abazibheka “njengamaKatolika asontayo” liye lehla kusuka kumaphesenti angu-83 kuya kwangu-31. Ngo-1992, umbhishobhi omkhulu waseSpain uRamon Torrella watshela abacosheli bezindaba ukuthi “ayikho iSpain yamaKatolika; abantu baya odwendweni lweSonto Elingcwele naseMiseni likaKhisimusi—kodwa abayi [eMiseni] masonto onke.” Phakathi nokuvakashela kukapapa eMadrid ngo-1993, uJohn Paul II waxwayisa ngokuthi “iSpain kudingeka ibuyele emsukeni wayo wobuKristu.”
Lesi simo sokungayishayi mkhuba inkolo siye sathinta abefundisi kanye nabantu abavamile. Inani labapristi abasha abagcotshwayo eFrance lehla laya ku-140 ngo-1988 (okuyisibalo esingaphansi kwengxenye yesibalo sango-1970), kuyilapho eSpain kunabangaba ngu-8000 abashiye ubupristi ukuze bashade. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abanye abasakhonza imihlambi yabo bayasingabaza isigijimi sabo. Amaphesenti angu-24 kuphela abefundisi baseLuthela eSweden anomuzwa wokuthi angashumayela ngezulu nangesihogo “ngonembeza omsulwa,” kuyilapho ingxenye yesine yabapristi baseFrance ingaqiniseki nokuqiniseka ngovuko lukaJesu.
Ukubeka Injabulo Nokuzikhethela Ngaphambi Kokuzinikela
Yini ethatha isikhundla senkolo? Emakhaya amaningi ukuzijabulisa kuye kwaba ngaphezu kokukhulekela. NgamaSonto imikhaya ibhekisa amabombo emabhishi noma ezintabeni kunokuba iye esontweni. “Ukuya eMiseni kubangela isithukuthezi,” kusho uJuan, osemusha waseSpain. Izinkonzo zenkolo ngeke ziqhathaniswe nemidlalo yebhola likanobhutshuzwayo namakhonsathi omculo wokuqhashaqhasha (pop), izenzakalo ezidonsa inqwaba yabantu abagcwalisa izinkundla zezemidlalo.
Ukuncipha kwabantu abaya esontweni akubona kuphela ubufakazi bokuwa kwenkolo. Abantu abaningi baseYurophu bakhetha ukuzikhethela imibono engokwenkolo. Namuhla imfundiso yesonto engokomthetho ingase ingafani nezinkolelo zomuntu siqu zalabo abathi bangamalungu aleyo nkolo. Iningi labantu baseYurophu—kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bangamaProthestani noma amaKatolika—alisakholelwa ekuphileni ngemva kokufa, kuyilapho namaKatolika aseFrance, e-Italy, naseSpain angamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-50 engakholelwa ezimangalisweni.
Kubonakala sengathi isigungu sabefundisi asinamandla okuvimbela lokhu kungavumelani okuqubukayo. Lokhu kuye kwaphawuleka kakhulu emkhankasweni kapapa wokulwa nokuvimbela inzalo. Ngo-1990, uPapa John Paul II wanxusa osokhemisi abangamaKatolika ukuba bangazithengisi izinto zokuvimbela inzalo. Wathi lemikhiqizo “iphikisana nemithetho yemvelo okuholela ekuwohlokeni kwesithunzi somuntu.” Ngokufanayo, i-Catechism of the Catholic Church igcizelela ukuthi “ngaleyo ndlela ukuthandana kowesilisa nowesifazane kungaphansi kwesibopho esikabili sokuthembeka nokuzala.”
Naphezu kwalemiyalo eqinile, umbhangqwana ovamile ongamaKatolika umane wenze okuthandayo. Imikhaya enezingane ezingaphezu kwezimbili manje ayivamile emazweni obuKatolika naseningizimu yeYurophu. ESpain, ama-condom—ayecishe abe umkhiqizo ongekho emthethweni eminyakeni engamashumi amabili edlule—akhangiswa njalo kuthelevishini, futhi amaphesenti amathathu kuphela abesifazane baseFrance abangamaKatolika athi anamathela esinqumweni esingokomthetho samaKatolika ngokuphathelene nokuvimbela inzalo.
Ngokusobala, abantu baseYurophu bayawafulathela amasonto nezimfundiso zawo. Umbhishobhi omkhulu waseSheshi eCanterbury uGeorge Carey wasichaza ngokucacile isimo sesonto lakhe: “Sekusele umndondo nje,” esho, “futhi lolo udaba oluphuthumayo okumelwe sibhekane nalo.”
Azikaze zibonakale zintenga kangaka izisekelo ezingokwenkolo zaseYurophu kusukela ngeziyaluyalu zeNkathi Yenguquko. Kungani abantu abaningi baseYurophu bengenasithakazelo enkolweni? Liyini ikusasa lenkolo?