OFakazi BakaJehova Balwelwe EGreece

NGUMLOBELI WE-PHAPHAMA!

UMPRISTI wobu-Orthodox edolobhaneni laseCrete eGazi phakathi nenye yezintshumayelo zakhe wathi: “OFakazi BakaJehova banehholo khona lapha edolobhaneni lethu. Ngidinga usizo lwenu ukuze sibaqede.” Ngobunye ubusuku ngemva nje kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, amafasitela eHholo LoMbuso aphulwa futhi ladutshulwa abantu abangaziwa. Yaphinde yaphakama impikiswano yenkululeko engokwenkolo eGreece.

Lezi zenzakalo zashukumisela oFakazi abane bendawo, uKyriakos Baxevanis, uVassilis Hatzakis, uKostas Makridakis, noTitos Manoussakis, ukuba bafake isicelo kuNgqongqoshe Wezemfundo Nezenkolo sokuthola imvume yokuqhuba imihlangano yenkolo. Babenethemba lokuthi ukuthola imvume kamuva kwakuzokwenza ukuba amaphoyisa abavikele. Nokho, kwakungeke kube lula kanjalo.

Umpristi wathumela incwadi ekomkhulu lamaphoyisa ezokulondeka eHeraklion, edonsela ukunakekela kwezikhulu eHholo LoMbuso LoFakazi BakaJehova elisesifundeni asiphethe futhi ecela ukuba kumiswe imithetho evimbelayo nanokuthi kuvalwe imihlangano yabo. Lokhu kwabangela ukuba amaphoyisa ahlolisise futhi aphenye ngemibuzo. Ekugcineni, umshushisi wamangalela oFakazi ngokuthi bayizigebengu, futhi icala lalethwa phambi kwenkantolo.

Ngo-October 6, 1987, iNkantolo Yobugebengu yaseHeraklion yabathetha abamangalelwa abane, yathi “abazange balenze icala abamangalelwa ngalo, ngoba amalungu enkolo akhululekile ukuqhuba imihlangano . . . , akukho mvume edingekayo.” Nakuba kunjalo, ezinsukwini ezimbili kamuva, umshushisi wasiphikisa leso sinqumo, icala lase liyiswa enkantolo ephakeme. Ngo-February 15, 1990, lenkantolo yagweba oFakazi izinyanga ezimbili ejele nenhlawulo engaba ngu-R470. Kamuva, icala abamangalelwa balidlulisela eNkantolo Ephakeme YaseGreece.

Ngo-March 19, 1991, iNkantolo Ephakeme yakuchitha lokho kudluliswa kwecala futhi yasisekela isigwebo esasikhishiwe. Eminyakeni engaphezu kwemibili kamuva, ngo-September 20, 1993, lapho kumenyezelwa isinqumo seNkantolo Ephakeme, iHholo LoMbuso lendawo lavalwa ngokomthetho amaphoyisa. Njengoba incwadi yobufakazi yamaphoyisa yabonisa, iSonto Lobu-Orthodox laseCrete yilona elaliwumshoshozeli walokhu.

Lesi simo sabangelwa ukuthi eminye imithetho eyakhishwa ngo-1938 ngenjongo yokunciphisa inkululeko engokwenkolo isasebenza eGreece. Ibalula ukuthi uma umuntu efisa ukuba nendawo yokukhulekela, kufanele athole imvume eMnyango Wezemfundo Nezenkolo nakumbhishobhi wendawo weSonto Lobu-Orthodox. Emashumini amaningi eminyaka, lemithetho esiphelelwe isikhathi iye yababangela izinkinga eziningi oFakazi BakaJehova.

Inkululeko Yenkolo, Namalungelo Abantu

Lapho oFakazi abane bezwa ukuthi iNkantolo Ephakeme yayisisekela isigwebo sabo, bafaka isicelo ku-European Commission of Human Rights, eStrasbourg, eFrance, ngo-August 7, 1991. Laba bamangalelwa basho ukuthi isigwebo sabo sasiphikisana neSiphakamiso 9 se-European Convention, esivikela inkululeko yokucabanga, kanembeza nenkolo kanye nelungelo lokuqhuba inkolo yakho uwedwa noma unabanye emphakathini noma endaweni engasese.

Ngo-May 25, 1995, amalungu angu-25 eKhomishane ngazwilinye afinyelela isinqumo sokuthi kuleli cala iGreece yayephule iSiphakamiso 9 se-European Convention. Isikhalazo sabo sasiwukuthi lesi sigwebo sasingavumelani nomqondo wenkululeko engokwenkolo futhi sasingadingeki emphakathini obuswa ngentando yeningi. Lesi sinqumo esimayelana nokufaneleka kwaleli cala sabuye sathi: “Laba bamangalelwa . . . bangamalungu enhlangano emikhuba yayo engokwenkolo yaziwa kakhulu futhi iyagunyazwa emazweni amaningi aseYurophu.” Ekugcineni, iKhomishane yadlulisela leli cala kuyi-European Court of Human Rights.

OFakazi BakaJehova Abanakuyekiswa

Kwakhethwa u-May 20, 1996 njengosuku lokuqulwa kwecala. Kwakunabantu abangaphezu kuka-200 enkantolo, kuhlanganise nabafundi kanye noprofesa abavela eyunivesithi yendawo, abacosheli bezindaba kanye noFakazi BakaJehova abaningana baseGreece, eJalimane, eBelgium naseFrance.

UMnu. Phédon Vegleris, uprofesa osewathatha umhlalaphansi e-University of Athens nongummeli woFakazi, wagcizelela ukuthi inkambiso izikhulu zezwe eziyisebenzisayo kanye nezahlulelo ezizikhiphayo akuphikisani nje kuphela ne-European Convention kodwa nanoMthetho-sisekelo waseGreece. “Ngakho iNkantolo icabangela umthetho wesizwe kanye nendlela osebenza ngayo.”

Ummeli kahulumeni waseGreece wayengumahluleli we-Council of State, okwathi esikhundleni sokuxoxa ngamaqiniso, wakhuluma ngesenzo esasenziwe iSonto Lobu-Orthodox eGreece, ubudlelwane balo obuseduze noHulumeni nabantu, nesidingo esiqinisekile sokuhlala kubekwe iso kwezinye izinkolo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, waphawula ukuthi kusukela ngo-1960 kuqhubeke, oFakazi BakaJehova baye baphumelela kakhulu ekwandiseni amalungu abo. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba yingqongqo kwenkolo yobu-Orthodox kuye kwabekelwa inselele ngokuphumelelayo!

Inkululeko Engokwenkolo Iyalwelwa

Isahlulelo sasizokhishwa ngo-September 26. Amaphaphu ayephezulu ngempela, ikakhulukazi koFakazi BakaJehova. UMongameli Womkhandlu Wabashaya Umthetho, uMnu. Rudolf Bernhardt, wafunda isinqumo: INkantolo, eyakhiwa amajaji ayisishiyagalolunye, yayivumelane ngazwilinye ngokuthi iGreece yayingqubuzane neSiphakamiso 9 se-European Convention. Futhi yanikeza abamangalelwa imali ethi ayibe ngu-R79 500 yokuhlangabezana nezindleko. Okubaluleke kakhulu, lesi sinqumo sahlanganisa nezimpikiswano eziningi ezibalulekile ezazilwela inkululeko engokwenkolo.

INkantolo yaphawula ukuthi umthetho waseGreece uvumela ukuba “izikhulu zezombangazwe, eziphethe nezenkolo zigxambukele kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwenkululeko engokwenkolo.” Yanezela ngokuthi lenqubo eyayidingeka ukuze kutholwe imvume yayisetshenziswa uMbuso “ukuze uphoqelele izimo eziqinile, noma ezivimbela ngempela ukulandelwa kwezinkolelo ezingokwenkolo yizinhlangano ezingezona ezobu-orthodox, ikakhulukazi oFakazi BakaJehova.” Lenkantolo yomhlaba wonke yawadalula amaqhinga onya iSonto Lobu-Orthodox elawasebenzisa amashumi amaningi eminyaka.

LeNkantolo yagcizelela ukuthi “ilungelo lokuba nenkululeko engokwenkolo njengoba liqinisekiswa ngaphansi koMthetho ophethe, alihlanganisi noma iliphi ilungelo loMbuso lokunquma ukuthi izinkolelo ezithile ezingokwenkolo noma izindlela ezibonakaliswa ngazo zingokomthetho yini.” Yaphawula nokuthi “oFakazi BakaJehova baphakathi kwezinkolo okuthiwa ‘inkolo eyaziwayo’ njengoba kunelungiselelo elinjalo emthethweni waseGreece . . . Ngaphezu kwalokho uHulumeni wakuvuma lokhu.”

Akulona Nje Ihlaya

Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezalandela, leli cala lavela emaphephandabeni amaningi abalulekile aseGreece. Ngo-September 29, 1996, iphephandaba langeSonto i-Kathimerini lasho lokhu: “Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uMbuso waseGreece uzama kangakanani ukukuchiliza ‘njengehlaya nje elingasho lutho,’ ‘ukuphoxeka’ owakuthola kuyi-European Court of Human Rights eStrasbourg kuyiqiniso elingokoqobo, iqiniso eliwumlando ngokufanelekile emhlabeni wonke. INkantolo yakhumbuza iGreece ngeSiphakamiso 9 se-Convention on Human Rights futhi yawugxeka ngazwi linye umthetho obusayo waseGreece.”

I-Ethnos yase-Athens ephuma nsuku zonke ngo-September 28, 1996, yabhala ukuthi i-European Court “yayigxeka iGreece, yayitshela ukuba ihlawulele izakhamuzi zayo okungenzeka ukuthi ziye zabhekana neshwa lokuba oFakazi BakaJehova.”

Uhlelo oluthile lomsakazo lwaxoxa nomunye wabameli babamangalelwa, uMnu. Panos Bitsaxis, futhi wathi: “Siphila onyakeni ka-1996, onqenqemeni lwekhulu lama-21, futhi kusobala ukuthi izikhulu eziphethe akufanele zibandlulule, zihluphe, noma ziphazamise ukusetshenziswa kwelungelo elibalulekile lenkululeko engokwenkolo. . . . Leli ithuba elihle ngohulumeni lokubukeza inkambiso yakhe futhi aluyeke lolu bandlululo olungenangqondo, olungasizi ngalutho kulenkathi yesimanje.”

Isinqumo esathathwa ecaleni lika-Manoussakis and Others v. Greece sanikeza ithemba lokuthi uMbuso waseGreece uzokwenza umthetho wawo uvumelane nesahlulelo se-European Court, ukuze oFakazi BakaJehova eGreece bajabulele inkululeko engokwenkolo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa kwezikhulu eziphethe, amaphoyisa noma isonto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi isahlulelo sesibili se-European Court esilahla amajaji aseGreece ezindabeni eziphathelene nenkululeko engokwenkolo.a

Kuyaziwa kabanzi ukuthi oFakazi BakaJehova bayawalalela “amagunya aphakeme” kuzo zonke izindaba ezingangqubuzani neZwi likaNkulunkulu. (Roma 13:1, 7) Abalona neze usongo ekuhlelekeni komphakathi. Ngokuphambene nalokho, izincwadi zabo nenkonzo yabo yasobala kukhuthaza wonke umuntu ukuba abe isakhamuzi esithobela umthetho futhi aphile ukuphila kokuthula. Bayinkolo eqotho nezinzile, futhi amalungu abo aye aba nesandla enhlalakahleni yomakhelwane bawo. Ukuzimisela kwabo ukusekela izindinganiso eziphakeme zokuziphatha zeBhayibheli kanye nothando lwabo ngomakhelwane, njengoba ikakhulu bekubonakalisa ngomsebenzi wabo wokufundisa ngeBhayibheli, kuye kwaba nomphumela omuhle emazweni angaphezu kuka-200 abakuwo.

Kwethenjwa ukuthi izinqumo ezakhishwa i-European Court zizoletha inkululeko enkudlwana engokwenkolo koFakazi BakaJehova nakuzo zonke ezinye izinkolo ezincane eziseGreece.

[Umbhalo waphansi]

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IHholo LoMbuso lokuqala elavalwa ngokusemthe- thweni amaphoyisa ngo-September 20, 1993

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I-European Court of Human Rights, eStrasbourg

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OFakazi ababehilelekile yilaba: uT. Manoussakis, uV. Hatzakis, uK. Makridakis, uK. Baxevanis