Ukukhathala—Ugibe Abangaluboni Abashayeli Bamaloli

NGUMLOBELI WE-PHAPHAMA! EJALIMANE

NJENGOBA kudlula amahora amaningi, ukuduma okunesidina kwenjini enamandla nomsindo wamasondo angu-14 emgwaqweni kwenza kube nzima ukuba umshayeli weloli amelane nokukhathala. Izimpawu ezisemgwaqweni zidlula buthule ekukhanyeni kwezibani zeloli ezinkulu. Ngokungazelele, inqola iya ngapha nangapha; seyiqalile ukuphaphalaza emgwaqweni.

Umshayeli ulibuyisela ngamandla emgwaqweni iloli lakhe elingamathani angu-40. Esesangulukile, uyaqaphela ukuthi akazikhumbuli izinto ezenzeke emizuzwaneni embalwa edlule. Ukhathele.

Noma ubani olwa nokukhathala lapho eshayela angazithuka esethathe isihlwathi. Uma kucatshangelwa imigwaqo yanamuhla eminyene, lokho kungaba ingozi kakhulu—ngisho nakwabanye abantu abasebenzisa umgwaqo. Ngokwesibonelo, eNingizimu Afrika, kuzo zonke izingozi ezihilela amaloli athwala izimpahla ezisindayo ezenzeka phakathi kuka-January 1989 no-March 1994, ezingamaphesenti angaphezu kwangu-35 zabangelwa abashayeli abalala ngesikhathi beshayela.

UProfesa G. Stöcker, umcwaningi wemikhuba yabashayeli, eloba kumagazini waseJalimane i-Fahrschule wathi ukwanda kokukhathala kuholela ekozeleni futhi kunemiphumela efana neyotshwala. Yiqiniso, amazwi akhe asebenza kubo bonke abashayeli bezimoto, hhayi abamaloli kuphela.

Izimbangela Zokukhathala

Kungani izingozi ezibangelwa ukukhathala zivame kangaka, kuyilapho emazweni amaningi umthetho utusa, noma unquma ngisho nokunquma isilinganiso samahora umshayeli weloli okufanele awachithe eshayela? Okokuqala, kumelwe sibheke ingqikithi yamahora asetshenzwa abashayeli bamaloli, ahlanganisa isikhathi abangasichithi beshayela kuphela kodwa benza neminye imisebenzi. Ngokuvamile lamahora okusebenza maningi futhi ayashintshashintsha.

Abashayeli bamaloli abaningi bajabulela ukubona umsebenzi uqalwa uze uyophethwa, okusho ukuyisa izimpahla ekhasimendeni kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimo sezulu sinjani. Izinga lomsebenzi linqunywa ngebanga umshayeli alihambile nomthwalo aye wawuthutha. Amahora okusebenza angase abe ngaphezulu kakhulu kwesilinganiso esifanele. EJalimane abantu abaningi basebenza amahora angaphansi kwangu-40 ngesonto, kodwa abashayeli bamaloli abaningi bakuphinda kabili lokho.

Izimo zinjalo nakwamanye amazwe. ENingizimu Afrika iholo liphansi, ngakho abashayeli bazama ukunezela eholweni labo ngokushayela isikhathi eside. Imibiko evela eNdiya ibonisa ukuthi nakuba amafemu ezokuthutha enikeza abashayeli isikhathi esanele sokuqeda uhambo, abashayeli bamaloli abaningi banezela eholweni labo ngokuthuthela izimpahla ezengeziwe kwezinye izindawo, okudinga ukuba bashayele isikhathi eside. Khona-ke kudingeka banciphise isikhathi sokulala ukuze bakwazi ukufika ngesikhathi efemini.

Emazweni ase-European Union, ngokusisebenzisa ngokugcwele isilinganiso senani lamahora avunyelwe umthetho, umshayeli weloli angachitha amahora angu-56 eshayela ngesonto. Kodwa esontweni elilandelayo, isilinganiso samahora awachitha eshayela siyancipha sibe ngu-34. Amahora awasebenzayo, kuhlanganise nesikhathi asichitha elayisha noma ethula, kuqoshwa umshini. Lokhu kusiza ekuboneni ukuthi umshayeli ngamunye uyanamathela yini emibandeleni ebekiwe.

Esinye isici esithinta isikhathi umshayeli asichitha eshayela umbono womnikazi weloli. Iloli lakhe ulibheka njengento eyigugu ebizayo okudingeka isetshenziswe ngokunenzuzo, amahora angu-24 ngosuku uma kwenzeka, ithutha izimpahla. Kuyanda ukuncintisana kwamafemu ezokuthutha, futhi abaphathi bacindezela abashayeli ukuba basebenze ngokuzithandela amahora angeziwe.

Ukukhathala kuba khona lapho isikhathi sokusebenza siside futhi siqala ngezikhathi ezingavamile. Ngokwesibonelo, kuvamile ukuba kuqalwe ukusebenza phakathi kwehora lokuqala nelesine ekuseni. Leso yisikhathi abashayeli abaningi abasuke becobeke kakhulu ngaso futhi ikhono labo lokugxilisa ingqondo liphansi kakhulu. Ukucindezeleka kuyanda lapho amafemu enciphisa isitokwe sawo khona, efuna ukuba izimpahla zifike ‘ngesikhathi.’ Lokhu kusho ukuthi umshayeli kufanele afike nomthwalo emagcekeni ekhasimende ngaso kanye isikhathi okuvunyelwane ngaso. Ukuminyana kwezimoto, isimo sezulu esibi nokulungiswa kwemigwaqo kungase kubambezele umshayeli kumenze adle amagalane ezama ukubamba isikhathi.

Naphezu kwemibandela yenani lamahora okushayela elivunyelwe, ukuhlola kwamaphoyisa kwangezikhathi ezithile kusaveza ukwephulwa komthetho. Ngokukamagazini i-Polizei Verkehr & Technik, “cishe umshayeli oyedwa kwabangu-8 bamaloli, amabhasi nezinqola ezithutha izimpahla eziyingozi akaligcini inani lamahora anqunyiwe okushayela nokuhlaba ikhefu.” Phakathi nokuhlolwa kwezimoto eHamburg, amaphoyisa athola umshayeli weloli othile owayechithe amahora angu-32 eshayela ngaphandle kokuhlaba ikhefu.

Ukuqaphela Ingozi

Umshayeli wamaloli ohamba amabanga amade owayethutha izimpahla zamazwe ngamazwe iminyaka engu-30 wabuzwa ngalenkinga yokukhathala. Waphawula: “Ukuzazisa nokuzethemba ngokweqile kungabangela umshayeli ukuba angakunaki ukukhathala. Izingozi zenzeka kanjalo.” Izimpawu zokukhathala zinikeziwe ebhokisini elisekhasini 22.

Ukuqaphela izimpawu zokuqala eziyisixwayiso kungasindisa ukuphila. Ukuhlola okwenziwa e-United States yi-National Transportation Safety Board kwembula izibalo ezishaqisayo: Ezingozini ezingu-107 ezihilela iloli elilodwa, ezingu-62 kuzo zazibangelwe ukukhathala. Ngakho, izimboni zezokuthutha zithi kubaluleke kakhulu ukusungulwa kwezinto zobuchwepheshe eziwusizo ekuxwayiseni umshayeli lapho esezumeka.

Ifemu yaseJapane yenza isimiso somshini esisebenzisa ikhamera ye-video ebheka ukuthi umshayeli ucwayiza kaningi kangakanani. Uma ecwayiza kakhulu isikhathi eside, kunezwi eliqoshiwe elimxwayisa ngengozi esina imjeqeza. Inkampani ethile yaseYurophu yakha umshini ohlaziya indlela elishayelwa kahle ngayo iloli. Uma kwenzeka iloli liphaphalaza, kukhala inhlabamkhosi. Nokho, kuyothatha isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba kukhiqizwe imishini ewusizo.

Ukulwisana Nalengozi

Ukukhathala kuye kwaba umgibeli ongamenywanga futhi ongathandeki cishe ezimotweni eziningi. Umbuzo uwukuthi iyiphi indlela angaxoshwa ngayo. Abanye abashayeli baphuza iziphuzo eziningi ezine-caffeine, kodwa bathole ukuthi ukukhathala kusabanyonyobela. Abanye basebenzisa eminye imithi ebagcina bephapheme. Ngokungangabazeki lezi zinto ziyingozi empilweni. EMexico abanye abashayeli badla upelepele ukuze bahlale bephapheme.

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale emsebenzini, kuhle ukuba ulale ngokwanele. Futhi njengesimiso, umuntu kufanele anamathele enanini elinqunyiwe lamahora okushayela. ENingizimu Afrika, ochwepheshe batusa ukuhlaba ikhefu ngemva kokushayela amahora amahlanu. Emgwaqweni omude oyithafa, umshayeli kufanele agcine ingqondo yakhe iphapheme futhi aqaphele. Abanye abashayeli balalela umsakazo noma bakhulume nabanye ngomsakazo we-CB. Omunye umshayeli, ongomunye woFakazi BakaJehova, ulalela amakhasethi anezihloko zeBhayibheli, njenge-Nqabayokulinda ne-Phaphama! namavesi eBhayibheli. Amanye amacebiso angatholakala ebhokisini elikuleli khasi.

Ukuthola imali eyanele ukuze uhlangabezane nezindleko zokuphila kuba nzima ngokuqhubekayo, ngakho akulula ukulinganisela. Amanye amafemu noma abaphathi bayibukela phansi ingozi engavelela abashayeli ngenxa yokukhathala. Khona-ke wonke umuntu osebenza ebhizinisini lezokuthutha uyokwenza kahle ngokuthi akhumbule lokho osekufundiwe ngokukhathala. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, ngokuvamile abashayeli banamacebiso awusizo asekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo siqu angasiza abanye bamelane nokozela.

Yiqiniso, indlela engcono kunazo zonke yokuhlala uphapheme ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zomzimba: Uma uzwa noma yiziphi izimpawu eziyisixwayiso, yima endaweni yokuphumula elandelayo ukuze uthathe isihlwathi. Ngemva kwalokho, phinda ubhekane nenselele yokushayela. Ungaweli ogibeni olungabonakali lokukhathala!

[Ibhokisi ekhasini 22]

Izimpawu Eziyisixwayiso Ezidinga Uthathe Isinyathelo Ngokushesha

• Ingabe amehlo akho ayahlaba noma ayesinda?

• Ingabe ucabanga ngezinto ezingekho noma uzithola uphupha ubhekile?

• Ingabe umgwaqo ubukeka uwumngcingo, okubangela ukuba ushayele phezu komugqa ophakathi nendawo?

• Ingabe awuzikhumbuli izinto ezithile ezenzeke phakathi nohambo?

• Ingabe indlela ojikisa ngayo amasondo eloli nendlela obhuleka ngayo ayisafani nasekuqaleni?

Uma impendulo yakho inguyebo komunye walemibuzo engenhla kusho ukuthi kudingeka uhlabe ikhefu ngokushesha

[Ibhokisi ekhasini 23]

Ohambweni Lwebanga Elide

• Lala ngokwanele

• Ungathembeli emithini ezokugcina uphapheme

• Hlaba ikhefu ngezikhathi ezithile, uvivinye umzimba ukuze uphaphame

• Khumbula ukuthi umgwaqo omude oyithafa uyingozi kakhulu

• Ungathathi uhambo ulambile. Ziqeqeshe ukuba ube nemikhuba emihle yokudla: yidla ukudla okulula futhi okunempilo

• Phuza izinto eziningi eziwuketshezi, kodwa ubugweme utshwala