Ukubuka Okwezwe
Ukuthethelela Kopapa Izono
I-Osservatore Romano ibika ukuthi ekugubheni inkulungwane yeminyaka entsha, uPapa John Paul II uye wamemezela ukuthi unyaka ka-2000 uwuNyaka Ongcwele futhi wathembisa nokuthethelela izono zalabo abazothatha uhambo lokuya endaweni engcwele eRome. Ukuthethelela izono yindlela yamaKatolika yokukhululwa ukuze angajeziselwa isono. Iphephandaba laseVatican lithi: “Wonke umsebenzi omuhle owenziwe ngosizo lwaphezulu ufanelwe umvuzo.” Nokho, lona leli phephandaba liphawula ukuthi lo mkhuba uphakamisa eminye imibuzo ethakazelisayo, enjengokuthi, “Uma umusa kaNkulunkulu wokuthethelela unikezwa bonke abantu, kungani kudingeka ukuba iSonto lithethelele izono?” nothi, “Uma iSonto likwazi ukuthethelela ngokuphelele, kungani lizikhathaza ngokuthethelela ingxenye yezinye izono?”
Isifo Esikudla Buthule
Iphephandaba i-Toronto Star libika ukuthi i-osteoporosis iyisifo esikudla buthule “esisongela amaMelika angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-28 nabaseCanada abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-1,4.” Ihlasela abesilisa nabesifazane, abancane nabadala futhi “yenzeka lapho amangqamuzana amathambo amadala ewohloka ngokushesha kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba avuselelwe amathambo amasha.” Abanalesi sifo bangase bangazi kuze kube yilapho kuchachamba ithambo. Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi ukuzincisha ukudla kwentsha eningi nabasubathi basemakolishi “kuwohloza wona kanye amathambo obekufanele ngabe ayakheka ukuze bakhule. Intsha ezincisha ukudla ivame ukungakudli ukudla okudingekayo ukuze kuqinise amathambo ayo.” Ngokwalo mbiko, “lapho usuneminyaka engu-18 ubudala usuke usufinyelele cishe amaphesenti angu-90 esisindo samathambo esiphelele; kanti lapho usuneminyaka engu-30 ubudala ususifinyelele ngokugcwele.” Lo mbiko utusa ukuthi ukuze amathambo aqine ngokwanele, wonke umuntu kufanele ‘athole i-calcium eyanele novithamini D, avivinye umzimba njalo futhi agweme ukubhema nokuphuza ngokweqile.’
Abagibeli Bezindiza Abaphazamisayo
Umagazini i-Business Traveler International uthi “ulaka lwasendizeni”—ukuziphatha okungalawuleki kwabagibeli bezindiza—“luye lwanda ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-400 kule minyaka emihlanu edlule.” Yini eyenza lwande kangaka? Ukucindezeleka kuyimbangela enkulu. Izindiza eziphuza ukufika noma ezingafiki nhlobo, ukuminyana nokwesaba ukuhamba ngendiza kubangela ixhala, lona elibangela ulaka. UStuart Howard, we-International Transport Workers’ Federation uthi “izinkampani zezindiza zigqugquzela ukuhamba ngendiza njengokusheshayo nokunethezekile, kanti akunjalo.” Omunye ummeleli wenkampani yezindiza enkulu ukholelwa ukuthi isimiso sokuthi akubhenywa endizeni singesinye sezici ezibanga ulaka endizeni. Ngokwalo mbiko, “ezenzweni eziphazamisayo ezenziwa abagibeli,” bezindiza zenye inkampani ngo-1997, “ezingaphezu kwesigamu zenziwa abantu ababhemayo abakhungathekile.” Esinye isici ukuphuza utshwala, imiphumela yako engaba namandla kakhulu lapho umuntu esemkhathini. Yini lo mbiko otusa ukuba uyenze uma omunye umgibeli enomsindo? “Ungazibizi izisebenzi zasendizeni. Kunalokho, sukuma esihlalweni sakho bese uzibonisa ngokuhlakanipha ukuthi kunenkinga.” Usikisela nalokhu: “Zihlukanise nabantu okungenzeka babe nothuthuva ngokuphatha izincwadi zokuchitha isizungu noma ulalele umculo opholile” emsakazweni ophathekayo.
Izindleko Zokungcwaba Ezinyukayo
Inani elandayo labantu liphendukela emkhubeni wokushisa isidumbu ukuze linciphise izindleko zokungcwaba. Ngokwe-National Funeral Directors Association, isilinganiso sezindleko zomngcwabo ovamile e-United States sasingamaRandi angu-27 600 ngo-1996. Ngokuphambene, i-Chicago Sun-Times ithi “izindleko zokushisa isidumbu ziphakathi kwama-dollar angu-500 kuya kwangu-2 000 [amaRandi angu-3 000 kuya kwangu-12 000], kuye ngokuthi isidumbu sizoshiselwa kuphi nokuthi umlotha uzofakwa kuphi.” Futhi, isidumbu esishisiwe akudingeki ukuba singcwatshwe emathuneni bese kubekwa netshe, okunganezela izindleko zomngcwabo ovamile ngamaphesenti angu-40. Leli phephandaba lathi e-United States ngo-1997, abantu abangamaphesenti angu-23,6 abafa, izidumbu zabo zashiswa, futhi leli nani kulindeleke ukuba lenyukele kumaphesenti angu-42 phakathi neminyaka eyishumi ezayo.
Imivubukulo Esengozini
I-New Scientist ibika ukuthi izindawo zemivubukulo esezinezinkulungwane zeminyaka zikhona zisongelwa amasela, abantu abacekela phansi nezivakashi ezingenakuzithiba. Lo magazini uthi “ezinye izazi zokuma komhlaba zingathanda ukuthuthela eminye imivubukulo eyigugu kakhulu eminyuziyamu noma zivimbele izivakashi zingezi kulezi zindawo.” Nokho, abanye bathi kuyilungelo lomphakathi ukubona le mivubukulo isesimweni sayo semvelo. Izama ukuxazulula le nkinga, i-International Palaeontological Association isiqale ukwenza uhlu lwezindawo zemivubukulo ezisengozini emhlabeni wonke. Kodwa kuze kube manje, cishe izindawo ezingu-50 kuphela ezisafakwe ohlwini.
Udokotela Wamazinyo Ongakuzwisi Buhlungu?
Abantu abaningi abaphethwe amazinyo bangathanda ukuba umshini osetshenziswa udokotela wamazinyo ungabi bikho. Ngokwe-FDA Consumer, ngokushesha nje lokho kungenzeka ngezinga elithile. I-U.S. Food and Drug Administration muva nje igunyaze ukusetshenziswa komsebe we-laser we-erbium:YAG ekuhlinzeni amazinyo. Lo magazini uthi esikhundleni sokususa ukubola okusezinyweni ngomshini wamazinyo omncane, odokotela bamazinyo manje sebengasebenzisa i-laser, ngokuyinhloko bashise izicubu zezinyo elibolile. I-laser inezinzuzo eziningi kunodlawu oluvamile. Okokuqala, ngokuvamile ukwelapha nge-laser akubuhlungu. Ngakho-ke, iziguli eziningi ngeke zisadinga imijovo ezenza zibe ndikindiki. Okwesibili, njengoba udokotela wamazinyo kungasadingeki ukuba alinde umlomo wakho uze ube ndikindiki, angavele aqale zisuka nje. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungqangqazela okucasulayo kwezindlawu ezisheshayo ngeke kusaba khona. Nokho, okukodwa nje okubi ukuthi i-laser ayinakusetshenziswa ezinyweni eselagcwaliswa.
Imfucumfucu Yenuzi
Kusukela ngawo-1960, angaphezu kuka-200 000 amathani emfucumfucu yenuzi aye alahlwa izimboni zenuzi emhlabeni wonke, kubika umagazini i-New Scientist. Futhi unyaka ngamunye kwenezelwa amathani angu-10 000 kule nqwaba. Le mfucumfucu eyingozi ishonaphi? Lo magazini uthi “eningi yayo imane nje igcinwe ezikhungweni eziphehla amandla enuzi.” Nokho, lezi zindawo zaziklanyelwe ukugcina imfucumfucu yenuzi amashumi nje ambalwa eminyaka. Ngakho, ngelinye ilanga le mfucumfucu yenuzi kuyodingeka iyiswe ezindaweni eyolahlwa kuzo unomphela. Kodwa inkinga iwukuthi alikho izwe eselithole indawo ephephile yokugqiba imfucumfucu yalo yenuzi. Ngenxa yalokho, i-New Scientist ithi “isikhuni sesibuya nomkhwezeli embonini yenuzi.”
Ukushukuma Komzimba Okufanelana Negama
“Ukucwaninga okusanda kwenziwa kubonisa ukuthi ukushukuma komzimba kuvame ukusiza izikhulumi ukuba zikhumbule amagama athile,” kubika i-Newsweek. Nakuba ukushukuma komzimba okuchazayo kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuchaza ubukhulu bento noma indlela eyakheke ngayo, okunye ukushukuma komzimba, “njengokunyakazisa izandla emoyeni zihambisane nenkulumo oyishoyo,” kufeza injongo ehlukile. URobert Krauss, uprofesa wokusebenza kwengqondo eColumbia University, uthi lokhu kushukuma komzimba “kusiza abantu bakhumbule amagama abalekayo engqondweni” ngokuvula lokho akubiza ngokuthi “inkumbulo yamagama.” Abacwaningi baqhathanisa inkumbulo enjalo nalokho okwenzeka engqondweni uma iphunga, ukunambitheka noma umsindo othile uhlotshaniswa nesenzakalo esithile. Ngokwesibonelo, isazi sezinzwa uBrian Butterworth sithi njengoba iphunga lamakha athile lingase likukhumbuze ugogo, ukushukuma komzimba kungavula “umnyango” ofanayo oya egameni elithile.
Izingozi Zasemsebenzini
I-Monde, iphephandaba laseFrance lansuku zonke, ibika ukuthi emhlabeni wonke, kufa abantu abangu-3 000 usuku nosuku ngenxa yezingozi ezenzeka emsebenzini. Ngokwe-International Labour Bureau, kunezisebenzi ezibalelwa ezigidini ezingu-250 ezilimala unyaka nonyaka, okuyimbangela yokufa kwabantu abangaphezu kwesigidi. Leli phephandaba lithi “inani labantu abafa emsebenzini lingaphezu kwesilinganiso sabantu abafa unyaka ngamunye ezingozini zomgwaqo (abangu-990 000), ezimpini (abangu-502 000), kwezinye izenzo zobudlova (abangu-563 000) nangenxa yengculaza (abangu-312 000).”
Umqedazwe Womdlavuza Womlomo
I-Indian Express ibika ukuthi eDelhi, eNdiya, inani labaphethwe umdlavuza womlomo liphindwe izikhathi ezine kunelaseLos Angeles, eCalifornia. Okwamanje, kwabesilisa baseDelhi abaphethwe umdlavuza, abangamaphesenti angu-18,1 baphethwe umdlavuza womlomo—inani elisuka kumaphesenti ayishumi ngo-1995. Izimbangela eziyinhloko zomdlavuza womlomo ukuhlafuna ugwayi, i-bidi (ugwayi wamaNdiya) ne-pan masala (ingxube kagwayi, i-betel nut egayiwe kanye nezinye izithako), esongwa ngeqabunga bese iyahlafunwa. Leli phephandaba lathi kuyethusa ukwenyuka kwenani lezingane zesikole ezingaqaphile ezisebenzisa i-pan masala. Omunye uchwepheshe waxwayisa ngokuthi lonke elaseNdiya libhekene “nomqedazwe womdlavuza womlomo.”