Ingabe Uyawudinga Umshuwalense?
KWAMANYE amazwe izinhlobo ezithile zomshuwalense zifuneka ngokomthetho. Kwamanye, izinhlobo eziningi azaziwa nhlobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani lomshuwalense kanye nalokho okuhlanganisayo kuhlukahluka kakhulu, kuye ngamazwe. Kodwa isimiso esiyisisekelo somshuwalense—ukuhlanganyela ekusingatheni ingozi—sisafana.
Ngokuvamile, uma umuntu enempahla eningi, ulahlekelwa kakhulu. Ngokufanayo, uma umuntu enomthwalo womkhaya othé xaxa, igalelo liba likhulu uma efa noma ekhubazeka. Ukuba nomshuwalense kungadambisa ixhala lomuntu ngamathuba okulahlekelwa yimpahla noma ukuvelelwa yingozi ekhubazayo.
Kodwa-ke, ingabe kuwukuhlakanipha ukuchitha imali ngomshuwalense ngisho noma ungeke usifune isinxephezelo? Ingabe ukugcina ithayi eliyisipele emotweni kuwukudlala ngesikhathi, ngisho noma lelo thayi lingeke lidingeke? Umuzwa wokulondeka womshayeli wemoto ungase wenze izindleko zelinye ithayi zifaneleke. Nakuba isinxephezelo semali singenakuzibuyisa ezinye izinto ezilahlekela umuntu, singase sizivale ezinye izikhala.
Yikuphi ukulahlekelwa okuhlanganiswa umshuwalense?
Izinhlobo Zomshuwalense
Iningi lemishuwalense ethengwa abantu lingena ezigabeni zomshuwalense wempahla, wesinxephezelo, wempilo, wokukhubazeka nowokuphila.
Umshuwalense wempahla: Ukuthenga umshuwalense ogada ukulahlekelwa yimpahla—kungaba yindlu, ibhizinisi, imoto noma ezinye izimpahla—kuphakathi kwezinqubo zomshuwalense ezivame kakhulu. Lona umshuwalense uJohn, okukhulunywe ngaye esihlokweni esandulele, anquma ukuba angawuthengi ukuze avikele ishabhu lakhe lokubaza namathuluzi.
Eminye imishuwalense yendlu ihlanganisa nezinye izinto ezisendlini. Uma uthenga lolu hlobo, kuwukuhlakanipha ukubala ukuthi izinto onazo endlini ozibhalise emshuwalenseni ziyimalini zizonke, uma kungenzeka uhlanganise nezithombe noma ikhasethi le-video. Leli nani kanye namaphepha entengo alezi zinto kufanele kugcinwe endaweni ephephile engekho endlini. Ukuba nala marekhodi kungakwenza kube lula ukusingatha isicelo sesinxephezelo somshuwalense.
Umshuwalense wesinxephezelo: Noma ubani oshayela imoto, onomuzi noma indawo ethile, onebhizinisi, noma onabaqashwa unomthwalo uma kwenzeka ingozi. Futhi leyo ngozi ingase iphumele ekonakaleni kwempahla noma ekulimaleni noma ekufeni komunye umuntu. Umshayeli wemoto noma umnikazi wendawo noma webhizinisi angase abe nomthwalo wokukhokhela ukulungiswa kwendawo noma ukwelashwa, noma ngisho nobuhlungu nokuhlupheka komunye umuntu. Emazweni amaningi abaqashi nabashayeli baboshwa umthetho ukuba babe nomshuwalense wesinxephezelo wokusiza ekukhokheleni lezi zindleko. Ngisho nasezindaweni lapho umshuwalense ungewona umthetho, umshayeli, umnikazi wendawo, noma umqashi angase athweswe umthwalo wokusiza izisulu zengozi noma imikhaya yazo.
Umshuwalense wempilo: Amazwe amaningi anohlobo oluthile lomshuwalense oxhaswa nguhulumeni onezinzuzo ezinjengempesheni yasebekhulile nokunakekelwa kwempilo. Nokho, ngisho nalapho kunjalo khona, umshuwalense onjalo ungase ukhokhele ingxenye kuphela yezindleko zokwelapha noma ukhokhele ezithile kuphela. Ngakho-ke, abanye abantu bathenga omunye umshuwalense ukuze bakwazi ukukhokhela ezinye izindleko. Ezindaweni eziningi izisebenzi zingathola umshuwalense wempilo njengengxenye yezinzuzo zomsebenzi wazo.
Ezinye izinqubo zokunakekelwa kwempilo, kuhlanganise namalungiselelo okunakekelwa nezinhlangano zokulondolozwa kwempilo (health maintenance organizations [HMO]), zinikeza ukunakekela okukhulu kwezokwelapha ngemali emisiwe ekhokhwa nyanga zonke noma minyaka yonke. Lezi zinhlangano zizama ukunciphisa izindleko ngokunakekela okungabizi kwezempilo nangokukhuthaza imithi evimbela ukugula. Nokho, kuyi-HMO, odokotela noma izindlela zokwelapha isiguli esingakhetha kuzo zilinganiselwe kakhulu kunasemshuwalenseni ovamile wempilo.
Umshuwalense wokukhubazeka nowokuphila: Umshuwalense wokukhubazeka ukhokha imali ethile uma umuntu elimele futhi engenakukwazi ukusebenza. Umshuwalense wokuphila ubanikeza usizo lwemali labo abondliwayo uma kwenzeka lowo muntu obondlayo efa. Umshuwalense onjalo uye wasiza imikhaya eminingi ukuba ikhokhe izikweletu ezisele futhi iqhubeke nendlela yayo yokuphila ngemva kokulimala noma kokufa komondli oyinhloko.
Ukuthola Izinkampani Zomshuwalense Ezinokwethenjelwa
Umshuwalense usekelwe esimisweni sokukhokha imali manje ukuze uthole isivikelo semali esikhathini esizayo, ngakho akumangalisi ukuthi imboni yomshuwalense inabakhohlisi abaningi kakhulu. Lokhu kunjalo emazweni asethuthukile ngokomnotho kanye nasathuthuka. Ngakho-ke, umuntu uyobe uhlakaniphile uma ebhekisisa lokho okuthiwa umshuwalense oshibhile futhi aphaphamele noma yiziphi izinqubo zomshuwalense ezingabazisayo. Abantu abaningi abathenga umshuwalense benethemba baye basala bencela izithupha lapho izinkampani ezinjalo zihluleka ukukhokhela umshuwalense—noma ziwa ngokungazelelwe!
Ngakho, njenganoma yini ebalulekile oyithengayo, kuwukuhlakanipha ukuqhathanisa, futhi ngokuvamile konga imali. Ngokwesibonelo, ezinye izinkampani zibakhokhisa imali encane yomshuwalense wempilo abantu abangabhemi kanye nomshuwalense wemoto kulabo abaphumelele ezifundweni zokushayela. Kodwa umuntu ofuna ukuthenga angawuthola kanjani umshuwalense onokwethenjelwa?
Isinyathelo sokuqala kungaba ukuthola ukuthi yini abanye abaye bahlangabezana nayo ngezinkampani nabathengisi bomshuwalense abahlukahlukene. Abangane nomakhelwane bangase bazi idumela lenkampani lokusebenzelana namakhasimende noma idumela lomdayisi womshuwalense othile lokwethembeka nokukhathalela. Futhi kuwukuhlakanipha ukuphaphamela imibiko yezindaba ebonisa ukuthi yiziphi izinkampani zomshuwalense ezinezinkinga.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umlando wenkampani nesimo sayo sezimali kungatholakala ngokubheka izincwadi ezitusa imishuwalense emtatsheni noma esitolo sezincwadi noma kuyi-Internet. Lapho, ungathola izimpendulo zemibuzo enjengokuthi: Ingabe le nkampani izinzile ngokwezimali? Ingabe isineminyaka eminingi iqhuba ibhizinisi ngokuphumelelayo? Ingabe yaziwa ngokukhokha izimali ngokushesha nangokuthula?
Nokho, izincwadi ezitusa imishuwalense akufanele zibhekwe njengezingenaphutha. Inkampani ethile yomshuwalense, eyayinezindodla zezimali, okwase kuyisikhathi eside ikhona, kwadingeka ukuba ithathwe nguhulumeni kusaphele isonto elilodwa nje kuphela ngemva kokuba kuthiwe idl’ ubhedu ephephabhukwini elidumile!
Indima Yabadayisi Bomshuwalense
Ngokuvamile umdayisi womshuwalense usebenzela inkampani ethile ngokukhethekile. I-broker, noma umdayisi ozimele, angase athintane nezinkampani ezihlukahlukene ukuze athole umshuwalense ongcono kakhulu ngenani elithile. Bobabili kufanele balondoloze ubuhlobo obuhle namakhasimende ukuze baqhube ibhizinisi. Uma umdayisi womshuwalense ethembekile futhi ekhathalela, angaba usizo olukhulu kumakhasimende akhe.
Okokuqala, umdayisi okahle angasiza ikhasimende ukuba likhethe umshuwalense ofanele ohlwini olungenamkhawulo lwezinqubo zomshuwalense. Uyochazela nekhasimende lakhe imininingwane yaleso sivumelwano somshuwalense. Njengoba abaningi bazi, izivumelwano zomshuwalense ziyinkimbinkimbi ngendlela exakile. Umongameli wenkampani ethile yomshuwalense wavuma ukuthi wayengaziqondi izingxenye ezithile zomshuwalense womuzi wakhe siqu!
Incazelo yomdayisi ingasiza ikhasimende ukuba ligweme izinto ezingalindelekile ezidumazayo. Ngokwesibonelo, imishuwalense eminingi yempahla neyempilo inemali ethile ekhokhwa kusengaphambili. Leli yinani elibekiwe okufanele likhokhwe ngumuntu othathe umshuwalense—mhlawumbe, ukuze kulungiswe imoto noma kukhokhelwe udokotela—ngaphambi kokuba inkampani yomshuwalense ikhokhe imali yayo. Umdayisi futhi angaba umkhulumeli wekhasimende uma linobunzima bokuthola imali yomshuwalense kuleyo nkampani.
Umshuwalense NamaKristu
Ingabe umKristu othembele osizweni lukaNkulunkulu nolindele ukuphela kwalesi simiso sezinto uyawudinga umshuwalense? Emuva ngonyaka ka-1910, abanye bamhloma lo mbuzo uCharles Taze Russell, umhleli kamagazini manje owaziwa ngokuthi INqabayokulinda, owumngane walo magazini i-Phaphama! URussell wavuma ukuthi iBhayibheli libikezela ukuphela kwesimiso samanje sezomnotho, wanezela ukuthi yena wayengenawo umshuwalense wokuphila.
URussell waphawula: “Noma kunjalo izimo zabantu azifani. Ubaba owondla inkosikazi nezingane—uma zisakhula futhi zingenakukwazi ukuziphilisa—unomthwalo wokuba azinakekele.” (1 Thimothewu 5:8) URussell waphawula ukuthi indoda ingase ibekelele imali yokondla umkhaya wayo. “Kodwa uma ingenakukwazi ukukwenza lokhu, ingase ifeze umthwalo wayo emkhayeni ngokusebenzisa umshuwalense wokuphila.”
Umuntu onomthwalo womkhaya angase alungiselele amalungu omkhaya wakhe umshuwalense wempilo, wokukhubazeka nezinye izinhlobo zawo. Abantu abaningi abangashadile bathenga umshuwalense ukuze bakwazi ukuthola izinkonzo abazidingayo futhi bazivikele ukuze bangangeni ezikweletini uma kwenzeka behlelwa yingozi noma ukugula.
Kubalulekile ukwethembeka uma kuziwa emshuwalenseni. UmKristu weqiniso ngeke alokothe akhohlise inkampani yomshuwalense, lapho egcwalisa isicelo somshuwalense noma efuna isinxephezelo. (Heberu 13:18) Uyokhumbula ukuthi injongo yomshuwalense iwukunxephezela uma elahlekelwe. Akulona ithikithi lomdlalo wemali—ithuba lokuphila ngokunethezeka.—1 Korinte 6:10.
AmaKristu alalela yonke imithetho ephathelene nezimfuneko ezinjengokuthola umshuwalense. Lapho umthetho uthi kumelwe abe nomshuwalense ofanele wokuqhuba ibhizinisi noma wokushayela imoto, avumelana nawo. (Roma 13:5-7) Ukuthembeka nolwazi olusebenzayo nako kudinga ukuba akhokhe ngesikhathi esifanele. Uma engakhokhi, inkampani ingavala umshuwalense futhi ingakhokhi uma efuna isinxephezelo. Kuwukuhlakanipha ukuhlola imali ekhokhiwe ngezikhathi ezithile ngokuthintana nenkampani nangokugcina ubufakazi obubhaliwe bemali oyikhokhile, njengamasheke asesebenzile.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umshuwalense uyatholakala lapho uhlala khona noma cha, kunezinyathelo zokuphepha eziyisisekelo ezingakusiza ukuba ugweme ukulahlekelwa futhi ngaleyo ndlela uziphephise wena nabathandekayo bakho ebuhlungwini obungenakuqedwa yimali yomshuwalense. Ngokulandelayo sizocabangela ezinye zalezi zinyathelo zokuphepha.
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Umdayisi onokwethenjelwa angakusiza ukuba wenze izinqumo ngomshuwalense
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Abaningi banawo umshuwalense, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ufunwa umthetho noma cha