Lapho Umzimba Wengane Ushisa

“Ngiyagula!” Lapho ingane yakho isho lokhu, uyaye usheshe ukuthinta umzimba wayo uzwe ukuthi ushisa kangakanani. Uma ushisa kakhulu, kuyaqondakala ukuthi ungase ukhathazeke.

Ngokwenhlolo-vo eyenziwa iJohns Hopkins Children’s Center eBaltimore, eMaryland, e-U.S.A., abazali abangamaphesenti angu-91 babekholelwa ukuthi “ngisho nokushisa okuncane kungase kube nomphumela othile oyingozi, njengokuba nesimo sokuquleka noma umonakalo othile ebuchosheni.” Yona le nhlolo-vo ibonisa ukuthi “abazali abangamaphesenti angu-89 banika ingane imithi yokwehlisa ukushisa komzimba ngisho nangaphambi kokuba kufike ku-102 degrees Fahrenheit (38,9 degrees Celsius).”

Empeleni, kufanele yini wethuke lapho umzimba wengane yakho ushisa? Futhi yiziphi izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokubhekana nalesi simo?

Indima Ebalulekile Efezwa Ukushisa Komzimba

Yini ebangela ukushisa komzimba? Nakuba izinga lokushisa komzimba elivamile lilinganiselwa ku-37°C. (elithathwe emlonyeni), izinga lokushisa komzimba womuntu liyashintshashintsha phakathi nosuku, ngezinga elilodwa noma ngaphezulu.a Ngakho, izinga lokushisa komzimba wakho lingase libe phansi ekuseni bese lithi ukuphakama ntambama. Indlala i-hypothalamus emsukeni wobuchopho ilawula ukushisa komzimba ngendlela i-thermostat elawula ngayo izinga lokushisa. Ukushisa komzimba kwenzeka lapho isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sikhiqiza izinhlayiya ezithile egazini okuthiwa ama-pyrogen ngoba mhlawumbe silwa namagciwane athile ahlaselayo. Lokhu kubangela ukuba i-hypothalamus “ishintshe” izinga lokushisa lithi ukwenyuka.

Nakuba ukushisa komzimba kungase kungamphathi kahle umuntu futhi kwenze aphelelwe nangamanzi emzimbeni, akuyona into embi ngempela. Empeleni, ngokwe-Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, kubonakala sengathi ukushisa komzimba kufeza indima ebalulekile ekusizeni umzimba ukuba ulwe nezifo ezidalwa amagciwane. “Amagciwane adala umkhuhlane nezinye izifo zomgudu womoya athanda indawo epholile. Uma umzimba wakho ushisa ngezinga elisendimeni kungenzeka usuke usiza ekubulaleni lelo gciwane.” Ngakho, wona lo mthombo uqhubeka uthi “ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa komzimba okusendimeni akudingekile futhi kungase kuthiye izinqubo ezingokwemvelo zengane yakho zokuzelapha.” Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi esinye isibhedlela eMexico size selaphe izifo ezithile ngokunyusa izinga lokushisa komzimba, ukwelapha okubizwa ngokuthi i-hyperthermia.

UDkt. Al Sacchetti we-American College of Emergency Physicians uthi: “Ukushisa komzimba kukodwa akuvamile ukuba yinkinga. Nokho kuwuphawu lokuthi kungenzeka kunegciwane elingenile. Ngakho-ke, lapho umzimba wengane ushisa, akufanele kugxilwe ekutheni lithini izinga lokushisa komzimba wayo, kunalokho kufanele kugxilwe enganeni nasegciwaneni okungenzeka ukuthi iguliswa yilo.” I-American Academy of Pediatrics iyaphawula: “Ngokuvamile izinga lokushisa elingaphansi kuka-101 degrees Fahrenheit (38,3 degrees Celsius) akudingeki ukuba lelashwe ngaphandle kwalapho ingane yakho ingaphathekile kahle noma inomlando wokuquleka uma umzimba wayo ushisa. Ngisho namazinga okushisa angaphezu kwalawa awayona ingozi kangako futhi awasho lutho ngaphandle kwalapho ingane yakho inomlando wokuquleka noma isifo esithile esingelapheki. Kubalulekile ukuqaphelisisa izenzo zengane yakho. Uma idla, ilala kahle, futhi inezikhathi zokudlala, cishe ayikudingi ukwelashwa.”

Indlela Yokwelapha Ukushisa Komzimba Okusendimeni

Lokhu akusho ukuthi akukho lutho ongalwenza ukusiza ingane yakho. Ezinye izazi zezokwelapha zitusa lokhu okulandelayo ekwelapheni ukushisa komzimba okusendimeni: Gcina ikamelo lengane lipholile. Gqokisa ingane izinto ezilula. (Ukuyigqokisa izinto ezishisa kakhulu kungalenyusa izinga lokushisa komzimba.) Khuthaza ingane ukuba iphuze izinto eziwuketshezi kakhulu, njengamanzi, ijusi yezithelo ehlanjululiwe, nesobho, njengoba ukushisa komzimba kungawenza uphelelwe amanzi.b (Iziphuzo ezine-caffeine, njengama-cola noma itiye elimnyama, zenza iphiswe umchamo kaningi ngakho zingase ziyenze iphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni.) Izinsana kufanele ziqhubeke zinceliswa. Gwema ukudla okungagayeki kalula, njengoba ukushisa komzimba kunciphisa amandla esisu okusebenza.

Lapho izinga lokushisa komzimba wengane liba ngaphezu kuka-38,9°C., ngokuvamile ningayinikeza imithi engadingi mvume kadokotela eyehlisa izinga lokushisa komzimba, njenge-acetaminophen (panado) noma i-ibuprofen. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuba kulandelwe izilinganiso eziseziyalezweni. (Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emibili ubudala akufanele zinikezwe noma yimuphi umuthi kungabonanwanga nodokotela.) Imithi eyehlisa izinga lokushisa ayilwi namagciwane. Ngakho-ke ayikusheshisi ukululama kwengane emkhuhlaneni noma kwezinye izifo ezifana nawo, kodwa ingase iqede ukungaphatheki kahle kwengane. Ezinye izazi azikutusi ukuba izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-16 zinikezwe i-aspirin ukuze kwehliswe izinga lokushisa komzimba ngoba kuthiwa kuyenzeka ibangele isifo se-Reye’s syndrome—okuyisifo esingasongela ukuphila.c

Ukushisa komzimba kungehliswa nangokumanzisa ingane ngethawula: Faka ingane kubhavu onamanzi amancane asivivi bese ulokhu uyimanzisa umzimba usebenzisa ithawula elimanzi. (Ungayihlikihli nge-rubbing alcohol njengoba kungenzeka ibe nobuthi.)

Ibhokisi elikulesi sihloko linokwaziswa okuwusizo okubonisa ukuthi kunini lapho umuntu enganquma khona ukubonana nodokotela. Ukunakekela kwabezokwelapha kubalulekile ikakhulukazi kumuntu ophila endaweni lapho izifo ezinjengodenga, i-Ebola, i-typhoid, noma i-yellow fever zidlange khona.

Ngokuyinhloko-ke, isinyathelo esingcono kakhulu ongasilandela ukunciphisa izinto ezenza ingane ingaphatheki kahle. Khumbula ukuthi kuyivelakancane ukuba umzimba ushise ngendlela engabangela ukulimala kobuchopho noma ukufa. Ngisho nesimo sokuquleka esibangelwa ukushisa komzimba, yize sethusa, ngokuvamile asinayo imiphumela ehlala njalo.

Yebo, kungcono ukuyinqanda isesokhalweni, futhi enye yezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuvikela ingane ekungenweni izifo ukuyifundisa inhlanzeko eyisisekelo. Izingane kufanele zifundiswe ukugeza izandla kaningi—ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokudla, ngemva kokuya endlini yangasese, ngemva kokuchitha isikhathi esithile endaweni yomphakathi enesiminyaminya, noma ngemva kokudlala nezilwane. Uma naphezu kwayo yonke imizamo yakho kwenzeka umzimba wengane ushisa ngokusendimeni, ungaxhamazeli. Njengoba sesifundile, kuningi ongakwenza ukuze usize ingane ilulame.

[Imibhalo yaphansi]

[Ibhokisi ekhasini 29]

Yana Kudokotela Uma Ingane Enomzimba Oshisayo . . .

◼ Inezinyanga ezintathu izelwe noma ngaphansi futhi izinga lokushisa elithathwe ezinqeni lingu-38°C. noma ngaphezulu

◼ Inezinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha izelwe futhi izinga lokushisa komzimba lingu-38,3°C. noma ngaphezulu

◼ Ingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala futhi izinga lokushisa komzimba lingu-40°C. noma ngaphezulu

◼ Yenqaba amanzi futhi ibonisa izimpawu zokuntula amanzi emzimbeni

◼ Iba sesimweni sokuquleka noma ibhocobele

◼ Umzimba wayo uqhubeka ushisa ngemva kwamahora angu-72

◼ Ikhala ingathuliseki noma ibonisa izimpawu zokusangana noma ukuhhema

◼ Inomqubuko, iphefumula kanzima, icubuluza noma ibuyisa ngokuphindaphindiwe

◼ Intamo yayo iqina noma iphathwa ikhanda elibi isigubhukane

[Umthombo]

Source: The American Academy of Pediatrics