Umculo Kwa-Israyeli Wasendulo — Watchtower UMTAPO OKUYI-INTHANETHI

Umculo Kwa-Israyeli Wasendulo

UMCULO wawuyingxenye ebalulekile ekuphileni kwama-Israyeli asendulo. Kwakushaywa amacilongo nophondo ukuze kubizelwe abantu ekukhulekeleni nakwezinye izenzakalo ezibalulekile. Kwakushaywa amahabhu nezinye izimfijoli ukuze umoya wenkosi uzole. (1 Samuweli 16:14-23) Kwakushaywa ugubhu, amasimbali nabanye okhehle-gume ukuze kugujwe imicimbi ebajabulisayo.—2 Samuweli 6:5; 1 IziKronike 13:8

UJubali ongowozalo lukaKhayini, eBhayibhelini ukhulunyelwa ‘njengoyise wabo bonke abaphatha ihabhu negemfe.’ (Genesise 4:21) Kungenzeka nguye owasungula izinto zokudlala umculo ezinezintambo nezifuthwayo.

IBhayibheli lichaza izenzakalo eziningi okwakudlalwa kuzo umculo. Nokho, kuncane kakhulu elikushoyo ngezinto zokudlala umculo ngokwazo. Kodwa, ngosizo lwemivubukulo nemibhalo yasendulo, izazi ziye zazama ukuthola ukubukeka nomsindo wezinsimbi zomculo zasendulo. Ezinye iziphetho ziwukuqagela, kodwa ake sibheke izibonelo ezimbalwa ezabhalwa.

Amathamborini, Ubuxhaka Obukhencezayo Namasimbali

Ngemva kokuba uNkulunkulu ehole uMose nama-Israyeli ngokuyisimangaliso wabaweza uLwandle Olubomvu, udadewabo kaMose uMiriyamu kanye nabo “bonke abesifazane baphuma kanye naye ngamathamborini bedansa.” (Eksodusi 15:20) Nakuba engakatholakali amathamborini angezikhathi zeBhayibheli afana nalawa esiwaziyo namuhla, izinkamba ezincane zokuhlobisa zasendulo ezinemifanekiso yabesifazane abaphethe izigubhu ezincane ziye zatholakala kwa-Israyeli ezindaweni ezinjenge-Azikibi, iMegido neBheti-sheyani. Leli thuluzi lomculo, elivame ukubizwa ngethamborini ezinguqulweni zeBhayibheli, cishe lalimane liyisigubhu esenziwe ngokhuni nesikhumba.

Ngezikhathi zezinzalamizi, amathamborini ayedlalwa abesifazane ngezikhathi zemikhosi futhi ayehambisana nomculo nokusina. IBhayibheli liyachaza ukuthi lapho umholi wakwa-Israyeli uJefta ebuyela ekhaya ngemva kokunqoba empini, indodakazi yakhe yagijima yayomhlangabeza “ibetha ithamborini futhi idansa.” Kwesinye isenzakalo, abesifazane bahalalisela ukunqoba kukaDavide “ngengoma nangemidanso . . . nangamathamborini.”—AbaHluleli 11:34; 1 Samuweli 18:6, 7.

Lapho iNkosi uDavide iletha umphongolo wesivumelwano eJerusalema, abantu “babegiya phambi kukaJehova ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezinto zomculo zokhuni lomjunipha nangamahabhu nangezinsimbi zomculo ezinezintambo nangamathamborini nangobuxhaka obukhencezayo nangamasimbali.” (2 Samuweli 6:5) Kamuva ithempeli elaliseJerusalema laba nelalo iqembu elidlala izinsimbi zomculo, okwakuhlanganisa abahlabeleli abaqeqeshelwe ukudlala amasimbali, amacilongo, amahabhu kanye nezinye izinsimbi zomculo ezinezintambo.

Nakuba sinawo umbono wokuthi amathamborini ayebukeka kanjani, kodwa babuyini ubuxhaka obukhencezayo? Kubonakala sengathi kwakuyizinsimbi zomculo ezincane ezikhencezayo ezazakhelwe ensinjaneni eyisiyingi enesibambo. Uma uyinyakazisa yayikhipha umsindo okhencezayo. IBhayibheli likhuluma kanye kuphela ngobuxhaka obukhencezayo. Kungesikhathi lapho umphongolo wesivumelwano uyiswa eJerusalema. Nokho, ngokwesiko lamaJuda, ubuxhaka obukhencezayo babusetshenziswa nangezikhathi zosizi.

Kuthiwani ngamasimbali ezikhathi zasendulo? Ungase uwabheke njengezingcwecwe zensimbi ezinkulu ezazishayaniswa. Nokho, amanye amasimbali akwa-Israyeli wasendulo, ayengamasentimitha ambalwa nje ububanzi, efana nama-castanet, ebanga umsindo okhencezayo.

Amahabhu Nezinsimbi Zomculo Ezinezintambo

I-kinnor, ngokuvamile ebizwa ngokuthi “ihabhu” insimbi yomculo eyayivame ukusetshenziswa kwa-Israyeli. UDavide wadlalela iNkosi uSawule le nsimbi yomculo ukuze izole. (1 Samuweli 16:16, 23) Izazi zinemifanekiso okungenani engu-30 yaleli habhu ezayithola emidwebweni yasendulo esezindongeni, emalini, emifekethisweni, ezingcwecweni nasezigxivizweni. Lolu hlobo lwensimbi yomculo lwaya ngokuya lushintsha emakhulwini eminyaka alandela. Umdlali walo wayelifaka phakathi kwezingalo zakhe abese edlala izintambo zalo ngeminwe noma ngensinjana.

I-nebel yayifana ne-kinnor. Akuqondakali kahle ukuthi i-nebel yayinezintambo ezingaki, inkulu kangakanani nokuthi yayidlalwa ngensinjana noma ngeminwe. Kodwa, izazi eziningi zinombono wokuthi kokubili i-nebel ne-kinnor umdlali wayengakuphatha lapho ezihambela.

Amacilongo Nophondo

UMose wayalwa uNkulunkulu ukuba enze amacilongo amabili. Kwakumelwe enziwe ngesiliva elicangcathwe ngesando. (Numeri 10:2) Abapristi babewasebenzisa ukuze bamemezele izenzakalo ezihlobene nethempeli neminye imikhosi ehlukahlukene. Lalikhipha imisindo engefani kuye ngenjongo, eyayihlanganisa imisindo emikhulu nedonsayo noma emifushane. Ukuthi la macilongo ayebukeka kanjani ngempela akukaziwa ngoba akukho cilongo langezikhathi zeBhayibheli eliye latholakala. Okuwukuphela kwento ekhona imidwebo, njengalowo owatholakala uqoshwe eKhothameni likaTitus eRoma.

Uphondo noma i-shofar, livela izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-70 emiBhalweni YesiHebheru. Kwakusetshenziswa uphondo lwembuzi noma lwenqama ukuze kwakhiwe i-shofar. Ngokwemithombo yamaJuda, uphondo lwaluba yizinhlobo ezimbili—oluqondile olunegolide embotsheni olufuthwa kuyo kanti olunye lwalugobile luhlotshiswe ngesiliva. Uphondo lwaluvame ukusetshenziswa njengenhlaba-mkhosi ngoba lwalukwazi ukubanga umsindo ofinyelela kude, umsindo ozwakala kude oyizikhawu ezimbili noma ezintathu.

Kwa-Israyeli wasendulo uphondo lwalusetshenziselwa ukuphawula izenzakalo ezithile ezingokwenkolo, njengokuqala noma ukuphela kweSabatha. Kodwa lwalubuye lusetshenziswe nangezinye izindlela, ngokwesibonelo lwalusetshenziswa ngezikhathi zempi. Singase sicabange ukuthi kwakunomsindo othusa kangakanani owabangwa ukufuthwa kwezimpondo ezingu-300 kanye kanye ngaphambi nje kokuhlasela okuzumayo kwebutho likaGideyoni lihlasela abakwaMidiyani.—AbaHluleli 7:15-22.

Zonke Izinhlobo Zezinsimbi Zomculo

Izinto zokudlala umculo ezinjengezinsimbi ezikenqezayo, imitshingo nemiqangala zazisetshenziswa ngezikhathi zeBhayibheli. Umprofethi kaJehova uDaniyeli, owayedingiselwe eBhabhiloni lasendulo wabhala ngeqembu labadlali bezinsimbi zomculo leNkosi uNebukhadinezari. Lalihlanganisa ihabhu elizintambontambo, igemfe nomtshingo.—Daniyeli 3:5, 7.

Lokhu kuhlola nje okufushane izinsimbi zomculo ezimbalwa okukhulunywa ngazo emiBhalweni kuqinisekisa ukuthi ngempela umculo wawuyingxenye yokuphila kwansuku zonke kwa-Israyeli futhi mhlawumbe nakwezinye izizwe zasendulo. Umculo wawuzwakala emagcekeni ezigodlo nasezindaweni zokukhulekela, kuhlanganise nasemizini.

[Isithombe ekhasini 15]

Ubuxhaka obukhencezayo babudlalwa ngokukhencezeliswa

[Isithombe ekhasini 15]

INkosi uDavide yayinekhono lokudlala ihabhu

[Isithombe ekhasini 15]

Ithamborini ibilokhu isetshenziswa kusukela ngezikhathi zezinzalamizi

[Isithombe ekhasini 15]

Icilongo lalisetshenziselwa ukubikezela izenzakalo ezihlukahlukene

[Isithombe ekhasini 16]

Umfanekiso wangekhulu lesi-8 B.C.E. wowesifazane ephethe insimbi yokudlala umculo

[Isithombe ekhasini 16]

Uhlamvu lwemali lwangekhulu lesibili C.E. olunomfanekiso wensimbi yomculo enezintambo

[Isithombe ekhasini 16]

Leli tshe langekhulu lokuqala B.C.E., elisethempelini laseJerusalema liqoshwe amagama athi “endaweni yokushaya amacilongo”

[Imithombo Yesithombe ekhasini 16]