Amahlelo—Ayini?
NGO-FEBRUARY 28, 1993—amanxusa okugcinwa komthetho angaphezu kwekhulu ahlasela uxhaxha lwezakhiwo ezihlala amadoda amaningi, abesifazane, nabantwana. Injongo yayiwukufuna izikhali ezingekho emthethweni futhi abophe owayesolwa njengesigebengu. Nokho, lamanxusa amangala lapho enethwa izinhlamvu zivela kulezizakhiwo. Asabela ngokudubula ephindisela.
Lempi yashiya abayishumi befile nabaningana belimele. Phakathi nezinsuku ezingu-50 ezalandela, amanxusa kahulumeni amaningi avimbezela loluxhaxha lwezakhiwo ehlome ngezibhamu ezanele zokulwa impi encane. Lesisimo esingaxazululeki saphetha ngokushiya abangu-86 befile, kuhlanganise nabantwana abangaba ngu-17.
Kodwa ubani owayeyisitha? Ibutho lamaqembu asebenzisa izidakamizwa? Iqembu labashokobezi? Cha. Njengoba kungenzeka uyazi, “isitha” kwakuyiqembu labantu abazinikele enkolweni, amalungu ehlelo. Usizi lwabo lwabangela ukuba umhlaba wonke ugxilise ukunakekela kwawo emphakathini ongaphawuleki osemathafeni asenkabeni yeTexas, e-U.S.A. Umthombo wezindaba wagcwalisa amaza okusakaza namaphephandaba ngemibiko eminingi, imibiko ehlaziyiwe, nokukhulumela ngezingozi zamahlelo ashisekelwa ngokweqile.
Umphakathi wakhunjuzwa ngezenzakalo zangaphambili amalungu amahlelo aholelwa kuzo ekufeni abaholi bawo: ukubulala kukaManson kwango-1969 eCalifornia; ukuzibulala kwamalungu amaningi ehlelo elithile ngo-1978 eJonestown, eGuyana; ukuzibulala nokubulawa kwabantu kwango-1987 okwahlelwa umholi walelihlelo uPark Soon-ja waseKorea, okwaphumela ekufeni kwamalungu angu-32. Ngokuphawulekayo, abaningi balababantu babethi bangamaKristu futhi bethi bakholelwa eBhayibhelini.
Ngokuqondakalayo, abaningi abahlonipha iBhayibheli njengeZwi likaNkulunkulu bashaqiswa isibindi salamahlelo sokusebenzisa kabi imiBhalo. Ngenxa yalokho, phakathi neminyaka edlule kuye kwamiswa izinhlangano eziningi ngenjongo yokulawula amahlelo nokudalula imikhuba yawo eyingozi. Ochwepheshe bokuziphatha kwamahlelo babikezela ukuthi ukuza kweminyaka emisha eyinkulungwane eminyakeni embalwa kungase kubangele ukwanda kwamahlelo. Omunye umagazini wezindaba waphawula ukuthi ngokwamaqembu amelene namahlelo, kunamahlelo ayizinkulungwane “ahlala elindele ukulawula umzimba wakho, ukulawula ingqondo yakho, ukonakalisa umphefumulo wakho. . . . Ambalwa ahlonyisiwe kodwa amaningi abhekwa njengayingozi. Ayokukhohlisa futhi akuphundle, akushadise futhi akungcwabe.”
Liyini Ihlelo?
Igama elithi “ihlelo” lisetshenziswa ngokukhululekile ngabaningi okungenzeka abaziqondi ngokugcwele izincazelo zalo. Ukuze zigweme ukudideka, izazi ezithile zenkolo zakugwema ukusebenzisa leligama.
I-World Book Encyclopedia ichaza ukuthi “ngokwesiko, igama elithi ihlelo lalibhekisela kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lokukhulekela noma ukugcinwa kwesiko.” Ngokwalombandela, zonke izinhlangano zenkolo zazingachazwa njengamahlelo. Nokho, ngendlela elivame ukusetshenziswa ngayo namuhla, igama elithi “ihlelo” linencazelo ehlukile. Yona le-encyclopedia iphawula ukuthi “kusukela maphakathi nawo-1900, ukwaziswa okuye kwasakazwa ngamahlelo kuye kwayishintsha incazelo yaleligama. Namuhla, leligama libhekisela emaqenjini alandela umholi ophilayo othuthukisa izimfundiso nemikhuba emisha okungagunyaziwe.”
Uzwakalisa ukuvumelana nokusetshenziswa okuvamile kwaleligama, umagazini i-Newsweek uchaza ukuthi amahlelo “ngokuvamile angamaqembu amancane, anemibono engavamile amalungu awo abizwa ngomuntu oyedwa, ophulukisa ngomoya futhi afeza nezinjongo zakhe.” Ngokufanayo, umagazini i-Asiaweek uphawula ukuthi “igama elithi [ihlelo] ngokwalo alinayo incazelo eqondile, kodwa ngokuvamile lisho izinkolelo ezintsha ezingokwenkolo eziqanjwe ngumholi othile ophulukisa ngomoya, ngokuvamile ozibiza ngokuthi unguNkulunkulu owenziwe samuntu.”
Ulimi olwasetshenziswa ezwini lesinqumo elamukelwa ngazwilinye eMhlanganweni Wekhulu Wezwe laseMaryland, e-U.S.A., nalo ladlulisela umqondo olulazayo waleligama elithi ihlelo. Lelizwi lesinqumo lithi “ihlelo liyiqembu noma inhlangano ebonisa ukuzinikela ngokweqile kumuntu noma embonweni othile futhi lisebenzisa izindlela zobuqili ezingamukeleki, zokunxenxa nokulawula izingqondo zabantu ukuze lithuthukise imigomo yabaholi balo.”
Ngokukhanyayo, amahlelo ngokuvamile aqondwa ngokuthi angamaqembu enkolo anemibono nemikhuba eyeqisayo eshayisana nalokho namuhla okwamukelwa njengokuziphatha okuvamile komphakathi. Ngokuvamile aqhuba imisebenzi yawo yenkolo ekusithekeni. Empeleni amaningi alamaqembu angamahlelo ayazihlukanisa nomphakathi. Ukuzinikela kwawo kumholi ongumuntu oziphakamisayo cishe akunamibandela futhi kuwukuzihlukanisa. Ngokuvamile labaholi baziqhenya ngokuthi bakhethwe ngokwaphezulu noma ngokuba kwabo nesimo esingokwasezulwini.
Ngezinye izikhathi, izinhlangano ezimelene namahlelo nemithombo yezindaba kuye kwabiza oFakazi BakaJehova ngokuthi ihlelo. Izihloko eziningi zamaphephandaba amuva zihlanganisa oFakazi namaqembu ezinkolo aziwa ngemikhuba yawo engabazisayo. Kodwa ingabe bekungaba okunembile ukubiza oFakazi BakaJehova njengeqembu elincane lenkolo elinemibono engavamile? Ngokuvamile amalungu amahlelo ayazihlukanisa nabangane, umkhaya, ngisho nanomphakathi uwonke. Ingabe kunjalo ngoFakazi BakaJehova? Ingabe oFakazi basebenzisa izindlela zokukhohlisa nezingamukeleki ukuze bathole amalungu?
Abaholi bamahlelo baziwa ngokusebenzisa izindlela zobuqili ukuze balawule izingqondo zabalandeli babo. Ingabe bukhona noma yibuphi ubufakazi bokuthi oFakazi BakaJehova bayakwenza lokhu? Ingabe ukukhulekela kwabo kugcinwa kuyimfihlo? Ingabe balandela futhi bakhulekele umholi ongumuntu? Uma singagunci, ingabe oFakazi BakaJehova bayihlelo?
[Umthombo Wesithombe ekhasini 3]
Jerry Hoefer/Fort Worth Star Telegram/Sipa Press