Kungani Ecela Intethelelo?

UMQONDO wokuthi amasonto kufanele aphenduke emaphutheni awo futhi aguquke awumusha. I-Religioni e miti (Izinkolo Nezinganekwane), isichazamazwi senkolo, ithi isimo sesonto lakuqala sokuzishaya eliqotho sabahlaba umxhwele abantu phakathi neNkathi Ephakathi futhi saholela ekutheni abaningi bafune liguquke.

Ngo-1523, ngemva kokuba uMartin Luther ezahlukanise neRoma, uPapa u-Adrian VI wazama ukwakha ubunye ngokuthumela lo myalezo eMkhandlwini waseNuremberg: “Sazi kahle ukuthi eminyakeni eminingi izinto okwakufanele zenyanywe ziye zavama eSifundeni Sikapapa . . . Sizosebenza ngayo yonke inkuthalo ukuze siguqule ngokuyinhloko iNdikimba YaseRoma, mhlawumbe, okuyilapho bonke lobu bubi buye baqala khona.” Nokho, lokho kuvuma akuzange kuphumelele ekuqedeni uqhekeko noma ekulweni nokonakala eNdikimbeni yobupapa.

Muva nje amasonto aye agxekwa ngenxa yokuthula kwawo ngokuphathelene nokuQothulwa Kwesizwe SamaJuda. Aye asolwa nangokungawenqabeli amalungu awo ukuba ahileleke ezimpini. Ngo-1941, lapho iMpi Yezwe II isabambene phezulu, umpristi okuthiwa uPrimo Mazzolari wabuza: “Kungani iRoma ingazange imelane ngokuqinile nokunganakwa kwezimfundiso zobuKatolika njengoba yayivame ukwenza, nanjengoba ivame ukwenza namanje, ezindabeni zezimfundiso ezingeyona ingozi kakhulu?” Izimfundiso ezingeyona ingozi kakhulu kunaziphi? Umpristi wayekhuluma ngobuzwe obubhebhethela impi obabuwohloza impucuko ngaleso sikhathi.

Nokho, iphuzu liwukuthi ukuvuma kwezinkolo amacala bekulokhu kungavamile kuze kube muva nje. Ngo-1832, esabela ekunxuseni kwabathile ukuba iSonto LamaKatolika ‘liguquke,’ uGregory XVI wathi: “Ngokusobala akunangqondo futhi kuyalimaza ukuphakamisa ukuba ‘kubuyiselwe futhi kwenziwe izinguquko’ ezithile ukuze [isonto] liphephe futhi likhule, njengokungathi lingabhekwa njengelinamaphutha.” Kuthiwani ngamaphutha asobala kakhulu ukuba angaphikwa? Kwazanywa izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokunikeza izaba. Ngokwesibonelo, izazi ezithile zemfundiso yenkolo ziye zabambelela ekutheni isonto lingcwele futhi linesono ngesikhathi esifanayo. Isonto ngokwalo kuthiwa lingcwele—lilondolozwe lingenaphutha uNkulunkulu. Nokho, amalungu alo anesono. Ngakho, lapho kwenziwa izenzo zonya egameni lesonto, isonto ngokwalo akumelwe libekwe icala, kodwa abantu abasesontweni okufanele babekwe icala. Ingabe lokho kunengqondo? Akunangqondo ngokwesazi semfundiso yenkolo yamaRoma Katolika uHans Küng, esabhala: “Alikho iSonto eliphelele elintanta phezu komhlaba wesintu.” Sachaza: “Alikho iSonto elingenaso isono okumelwe lisivume.”

Izimiso Zendikimba Yamasonto Nokuma Okuhle

Ungase uzibuze ukuthi yini eyenzekile eye yaholela amasonto ekubeni acele intethelelo manje. Ekuqaleni, amaProthestani nama-Orthodox avuma ukuthi ayenecala ngokuphathelene “nokuhlukana kwangesikhathi esidlule” phakathi kwezinkolo ezihlukahlukene. Lokhu akwenza engqungqutheleni yezindikimba zamasonto eyayinesihloko esithi “Inkolo Nokuhleleka” eyayibanjwe eLausanne, eSwitzerland, ngo-1927. Ekugcineni iSonto LamaRoma Katolika lalandela. Ikakhulukazi kusukela ngeVatican II,a izikhulu zesonto, kuhlanganise nopapa, ziye zavama ngokwengeziwe ukucela intethelelo ngokuphathelene nokuhlukana kweLobukholwa. Ngayiphi injongo? Kubonakala sengathi bafuna ubunye obengeziwe kweLobukholwa. Isazi-mlando esingumKatolika uNicolino Sarale sathi “emikhankasweni yama-‘mea culpa’” agqugquzelwa uJohn Paul II “kunesu, futhi lelo lisu liyizimiso zendikimba yamasonto.”

Nokho, kuhileleke okungaphezu kwezimiso zezindikimba zamasonto. Namuhla, umlando weLobukholwa ongesona neze isibonelo esihle waziwa kabanzi. “AmaKatolika awanakumane awushaye indiva wonke lo mlando,” kusho isazi semfundiso yenkolo uHans Urs von Balthasar. “Lona kanye iSonto ayilungu lalo liye lenza noma lavumela ukuba kwenziwe izinto esingenakuzivumela ngokuqinisekile muva nje.” Ngakho, upapa uye wamisa ikhomishane ‘eyayizochaza ngomlando omubi wesonto ukuze kucelwe intethelelo.’ Khona-ke, esinye isizathu sokuzimisela kwesonto ukuzigxeka kubonakala kuyisifiso sokuphinde lizuze ukuma kwalo okuhle.

Ngokufanayo, isazi-mlando u-Alberto Melloni lapho siphawula ngokucela kwesonto intethelelo, siyabhala: “Eqinisweni, ngezinye izikhathi okucelwayo ukungasolwa ngokuba necala.” Yebo, iSonto LamaKatolika libonakala lizama ukululaza izono zalo zangesikhathi esidlule ukuze liphinde lethenjwe umphakathi. Nokho, eqinisweni kumelwe kushiwo ukuthi libonakala likhathazeka kakhulu ngokubuyisana nezwe kunoNkulunkulu.

Ukuziphatha okunjalo kusikhumbuza ngoSawule, inkosi yokuqala yakwa-Israyeli. (1 Samuweli 15:1-12) Wenza iphutha elikhulu, futhi lapho lelo phutha lidalulwa, waqale wazama ukuzithethelela—ebeka izaba ngephutha lakhe—kuSamuweli umprofethi kaNkulunkulu othembekile. (1 Samuweli 15:13-21) Ekugcineni, le nkosi kwadingeka ivume kuSamuweli: “Ngonile, ngokuba ngeqile isiyalezo sikaJehova.” (1 Samuweli 15:24, 25) Yebo, yalivuma iphutha layo. Kodwa amazwi eyawasho ngokulandelayo kuSamuweli ambula okwakusemqoka kuyo: “Ngonile, kepha ake ungituse manje phambi kwamalunga abantu bami naphambi kukaIsrayeli.” (1 Samuweli 15:30) Ngokusobala, uSawule wayekhathazeka ikakhulukazi ngokuma kwakhe phambi kuka-Israyeli kunokubuyisana noNkulunkulu. Lesi simo sengqondo asizange simzuzele ukuthethelelwa uNkulunkulu uSawule. Ucabanga ukuthi isimo sengqondo esifanayo siyophumela ekubeni uNkulunkulu awathethelele amasonto?

Akubona Bonke Abavumayo

Akubona bonke abavumayo ukuthi kufanele amasonto acele intethelelo obala. Ngokwesibonelo, amaRoma Katolika amaningi azizwa enamahloni lapho upapa wawo ecela intethelelo ngokugqilazwa kwabantu noma amukela kabusha “izihlubuki” ezinjengoHus noCalvin. Ngokwemithombo yaseVatican, okhadinali ababesemhlanganweni owawubanjwe ngo-June 1994 bayigxeka incwadi eyathunyelwa kokhadinali eyayinesiphakamiso sokuba ‘kuhlolwe onembeza’ ngokuphathelene nomlando weminyaka eyinkulungwane edlule yobuKatolika. Nakuba kunjalo, lapho upapa efuna ukufaka ingxenye ebalulekile yaleso siphakamiso encwadini ethunyelwa kubabhishobhi bamasonto, ukhadinali ongumNtaliyane uGiacomo Biffi wakhipha incwajana agcizelela kuyo ukuthi: “ISonto alinasono.” Nokho, wavuma: “Ukucela intethelelo ngamaphutha esonto eminyaka edlule . . . kunganciphisa ukungathandisiswa kwethu.”

“Ukuvunywa kwezono enye yezindaba okuphikiswana ngazo kakhulu eSontweni LamaKatolika,” kusho umkhulumeli waseVatican uLuigi Accattoli. “Uma upapa evuma amaphutha ezithunywa zevangeli, kuba khona izithunywa zevangeli ezicasuka ngokungazenzisi.” Ngaphezu kwalokho, intatheli yephephandaba lamaRoma Katolika yabhala: “Uma ngempela upapa ebheka umlando weSonto njengowesabeka kanjalo, kunzima ukuqonda ukuthi angalethula kanjani lona kanye leli Sonto njengelivelele ekulweleni ‘amalungelo abantu,’ ‘umama nomfundisi’ okuwukuphela kwakhe ongaqondisa isintu enkulungwaneni yesithathu yeminyaka eqhakazile.”

IBhayibheli lixwayisa ngokuphenduka kobuzenzisi okushukunyiswa amahloni nje okubanjwa ebubini. Ukuphenduka okunjalo akuvamile neze ukuholela oshintshweni oluhlala njalo kulowo ophendukayo. (Qhathanisa neyesi-2 Korinte 7:8-11.) Ukuphenduka okuyigugu emehlweni kaNkulunkulu kuhambisana ‘nezithelo ezifanela ukuphenduka’—okuwukuthi, ubufakazi obubonisa ubuqotho bokuphenduka.—Luka 3:8.

IBhayibheli lithi ophendukayo futhi avume izono zakhe kumelwe azishiye izenzo ezimbi, ayeke ukuzenza. (IzAga 28:13) Ingabe kuye kwenzeka lokhu? Ngemva kwakho konke ukuvuma izono kweSonto LamaRoma Katolika namanye amasonto, yini eye yenzeka ezimpini zombango zamuva zase-Afrika ephakathi naseMpumalanga Yurophu, lapho kuye kwahileleka khona abantu abaningi “abangamaKristu”? Ingabe amasonto aye agqugquzela ukuthula? Ingabe bonke abaholi bawo baye bakhuluma ngazwi-linye ngokumelene nezenzo zonya ezazenziwa amalungu awo? Cha. Phela, ezinye izikhonzi zenkolo zahlanganyela ngisho nasekubulaleni!

Isahlulelo Saphezulu

Lapho ekhuluma ngokwenza kukapapa ama-mea culpa ngokuphindaphindiwe, uKhadinali Biffi wabuza ngokubhuqa: “Ngokuphathelene nezono ezingokomlando, ngeke yini kube ngcono ngathi sonke ukuba silinde isahlulelo sendawo yonke?” Ukwahlulelwa kwa-so sonke isintu kuseduze kakhulu. UJehova uNkulunkulu uwazi kahle wonke umlando omubi wenkolo. Ngokushesha, uyokwenza abanecala balandise. (IsAmbulo 18:4-8) Okwamanje, ingabe singaluthola uhlobo lokukhulekela olungangcolisiwe icala legazi, ukungabekezelelani okuphumela ekubulaleni namanye amacala amasonto eLobukholwa axolisa ngawo? Yebo.

Singakwenza kanjani lokho? Ngokusebenzisa umthetho owashiwo uJesu Kristu: “Niyobazi ngezithelo zabo.” Umlando ogciniwe, izinkolo ezithile ezingathanda ukuba ulitshalwe, uyasisiza ukuba singagcini nje ngokubona labo uJesu ababiza ngokuthi “abaprofethi bamanga” kodwa nalabo abaye bathela “izithelo ezinhle.” (Mathewu 7:15-20) Bangobani? Sikumema ukuba uzitholele ngokwakho ngokuhlola iBhayibheli noFakazi BakaJehova. Bheka ukuthi obani namuhla abazama ngempela ukulandela iZwi likaNkulunkulu kunokufuna ukulondoloza isimo sokuba nethonya ezweni.—IzEnzo 17:11.

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Amasonto axolisa ngokubangela usizi olunjengalolu

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The Complete Encyclopedia of Illustration/J. G. Heck