Toɣliɖeɖe Egbegbe Amenuɖianu Aɖee
ETSO NYƆ! ƑE NUŊLƆLA SI LE BRITAIN GBƆ
“Nusiwo naa nu tena ɖe ame dzi le agbe me ƒe vɔ̃ɖitɔwo dometɔ ɖekae.”—Makis Tsapogas, Xexeame Lãmesẽ Habɔbɔ ƒe aɖaŋuɖola.
“Amerika ƒe amenuɖianu si bɔ wu ɖesiaɖee.”—The Boston Sunday Globe, U.S.A.
“Míaƒe ɣeyiɣia me amenuɖianu vɔ̃ɖitɔ kekeakee.”—Daily Express, London, England.
MÀTE ŋu akpɔe, ase eƒe ʋeʋẽ, eƒe vivi le aɖe dzi, alo aka asi eŋu o. TOƔLIÐEÐE si nye egbe dugãwo me aɖi vɔ̃ɖi la le nu gblẽm fifia le kɔƒenutowo hã me.
Amerikatɔ dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyala aɖe si tsɔ anɔ ƒe 16 nɔ gbeɖiɖi siwo ɖina le dzɔdzɔme nu lém ɖi la kpɔ be dɔ sia wɔwɔ va le sesẽm ɖe edzi na ye. Le ƒe 1984 me la, esrɔ̃ nu tso Washington, U.S.A., nutoa ƒe teƒe 21 siwo toɣliɖeɖe nu tsona le wòdea aɖabaƒoƒo 15 alo wu nenema ŋu. Le ƒe atɔ̃ megbe la, teƒe etɔ̃ pɛ koe susɔ.
Le xexeamenɔla geɖe gome la, tomefafɛnɔƒe etɔ̃ kpɔkpɔ hã dɔe. Numekuku aɖe si wowɔ le Japan-dukɔa me godoo le ƒe 1991 me gblɔ be toɣliɖeɖee nye nusi ŋu amewo faa konyi le wu ɖiƒoƒo ƒomevi bubu ɖesiaɖe. Nyateƒee, London ƒe The Times yɔ toɣliɖeɖe wòsɔ ta be “míaƒe ɣeyiɣia me ƒe agbenɔnɔ ƒe fuwɔame sesẽtɔ kekeake.” Tso avuwo ƒe wowo vetomename matɔmatɔe dzi va ɖo aƒelikawo ƒe haƒomɔ̃ ƒe ɣlidodo bobobo alo ʋu me kpẽ siwo ɖea ha adzogliwo alo radio si le ʋua me dzi la, toɣliɖeɖe va zu nusi xɔ aƒe ɖe afisiafi. Gake menye amenuɖianu yeyee o. Edzɔɣi metsɔ o.
Menye Nu Yeyee O
Be mɔwo dzi nagaxe o ta la, Julius Caesar de se ɖe keke kuku nu le Roma-dua titina le ŋkeke me. Nusi nye nublanuinya le eme na wo kple etɔ Romatɔ bubuwoe nye be sea na toɣliɖeɖe dea dzi bobobo le zã me, “eye kekefɔti siwo nye ati alo esiwo nye ga tɔwo ŋkɔ nɔa ɖiɖim gblogogblogo le kpe siwo wotsɔ do mɔae dzi.” (The City in History, si Lewis Mumford ŋlɔ) Ƒe alafa ɖeka kple edzivɔ megbe la, hakpanyaŋlɔla Juvenal fa konyi be toɣliɖeɖe wɔ Romatɔwo alɔ̃madɔlawoe.
Va ɖo ƒe alafa 16 lia me la, England ƒe fiadu, London, va zu du si me hoowɔwɔ dea dzi le. Alison Plowden si ŋlɔ Elizabethan England gblɔ be: “Nu gbãtɔ si dzi amedzro akpa gãtɔ ƒe susu avae nye toɣlia: dɔwɔƒe akpe geɖeawo ƒe ɣli kple woƒe zuwo ƒe ɖiɖi, kekefɔtiwo ƒe ɖiɖi sesĩe, nyi siwo wokplɔ yina asii ƒe xɔxlɔ̃, mɔtonudzrala siwo le asi yɔm na woƒe nudzadzrawo ƒe boblododo sesẽawo.”
Mɔ̃ɖaŋuŋutinunya to le ƒe alafa 18 lia me. Fifia mɔ̃wo ƒe toɣliɖeɖe ƒe nugbegblẽ va le dzedzem esi dɔwɔla siwo le mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔƒewo kpɔ be yewomegate ŋu sea nu nyuie o. Gake dugãmetɔ siwo ƒe aƒewo megogo mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔƒewo o hã faa konyi le alesi toɣliɖeɖe nɔ dzidzim ɖe edzii ŋu. Ŋutinyaŋlɔla Thomas Carlyle va di sitsoƒe le “xɔ aɖe si ɖe vo nyuie be mɔzɔlawo ƒe toɣliɖeɖe mate ŋu ade o” la me le eƒe aƒe si le London la ƒe tame be yeƒe tome nafa tso koklowo ƒe atɔkuku, aƒelikawo ƒe saŋkuƒoƒo, kpakple mɔzɔlawo ƒe hoowɔwɔ me. The Times gblɔ be: “Medze edzi o.” Nukatae? “Elabena toɣliɖeɖe kuklui bubu siwo ƒe ɖewoe nye tɔdziʋuwo ƒe kpẽkukuwo kple ketekewo tɔwo ɖe fu nɛ ale gbegbe”!
Míaƒe Ɣeyiɣia me Nugblẽnu si Bɔ
Egbea amesiwo tsia tre ɖe toɣliɖeɖe ŋu tɔa ŋku yameʋudzeƒewo koŋ gake yameʋudɔwɔhawo hã menaa mɔ le agbagba siwo wodzena be woade se ɖe toɣliɖeɖe nu la ŋu kura o. Esi Manchester-yameʋudzeƒe si le England de se be woado fe na yameʋudzeƒea ɣesiaɣi si yameʋu Concorde si dzona sesĩe ho la, ɖe wòdze edzia? Ao. Concorde ʋumefia aɖe lɔ̃ ɖe edzi be yameʋua nya ɖea toɣli baa gake ne womede ami eme sɔ gbɔ hafi wòho o be ɣlia nu naka bɔbɔ la, mate ŋu aɖo Toronto alo New York esi matɔ ɖe mɔ dzi o.
Mɔxexe ɖe ʋuwo ƒe toɣliɖeɖe nu hã nye dɔ. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, le Germany la, numekukuwo fia be toɣliɖeɖe sia ɖea fu na dukɔ ma me tɔ alafa memamã 64. Eye kuxi si le dzidzim ɖe edzie wònye, wogblɔ be edzi ɖe edzi wu zi gbɔ zi akpe ɖeka wu alesi wònɔ hafi wova dze ʋuwo zazã gɔme. Nyatakaka aɖe si tso Greece gblɔ be “Athens nye du siwo me toɣliɖeɖe dea dzi le wu le Europa dometɔ ɖeka eye toɣliɖeɖe si nɔa anyi la nu sẽ ale gbegbe be ele nu gblẽm le Athenstɔwo ƒe lãmesẽ ŋu.” Nenema ke Japan ƒe Nutomedzikpɔha hã de dzesii be dzidzim ɖe edzi koe ʋuwo ƒe toɣliɖeɖe le eye wògblɔ be ʋuwo zazã ƒe dzidziɖedzi gbɔe wòtso. Ne ʋua mele du ƒum o la, eƒe engine koŋ ye doa ɣli, gake ne ele zɔzɔm wu kilometa 60 le gaƒoƒo ɖeka me la, eƒe afɔtie donɛ wu.
Toɣliɖeɖe si ɖia amewo nu wu le Britain ye nye aƒeme toɣliɖeɖe. Le ƒe 1996 me la, Britain ƒe Nutome Lãmesẽ Dɔwɔha de dzesii be amesiwo naa nutsotso be yewoƒe aƒelikawo ɖea toɣli yewo la dzi ɖe edzi alafa memamã 10. Aƒenɔ aɖe si nye dɔwɔha sia ƒe nyanuɖela gblɔ be: “Egɔme menya ɖena o. Nusiwo gbɔ wòtso dometɔ aɖe ate ŋu anye be alesi dɔmedelawo tsoa hloloe le dɔmee la na be wodina be yewoakpɔ ŋutifafa kple tomefafa le aƒeme.” Le nutsotso etɔ̃ ɖesiaɖe siwo wona le Britain le ƒe 1994 me dometɔ eve me la, haƒoƒo le zãtitina kple ʋu siwo ƒe engine ɖea toɣli, gaƒoɖokui ƒe gaƒoƒo siwo wotsɔna nyɔa amee alo gaƒoƒo bubuwo, kple mɔ̃wo ƒe kpẽkuku ŋkɔe woyɔ. Ke amesiwo wosusu be woade alafa memamã 70 siwo megblɔa nya aɖeke o le esi womele nya dim na wo ɖokui o ta ya ɖe? Kuxia bɔ ɖe afisiafi vavã.
Le alesi toɣliɖeɖe ɖia ame nui le teƒe geɖe ta la, dɔwɔha siwo ƒe taɖodzinue nye be yewoakpɔ nutoa me ta la tea tɔ ɖe edzi zi geɖe be woade se siwo woatsɔ atsi toɣliɖeɖe ƒe fuɖename nui. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, le United States la, nuto aɖewo de se aɖewo le wo gbɔ ɖe anyigbaŋlɔmɔ̃ zazã nu. Le Britain la, Toɣliɖeɖe Se yeye aɖe si wode la ku ɖe aƒelikawo ŋu eye wòna ŋusẽ amewo be woado fe na edzidalawo tso zã ga 11:00 va ɖo ŋdi ga 7:00 me. Nutoa me dziɖuɖumegãwo kpɔ mɔ gɔ̃ hã be woaxɔ haƒomɔ̃ si le toɣlia ɖem le ame si. Gake toɣlia ɖeɖe gakpɔtɔ li kokoko.
Le alesi toɣliɖeɖe va le fu ɖemee ta la, ɖewohĩ àdi be ye amesi nu ɖiam wòle yeanya nusi yeate ŋu awɔ tso eŋu. Gake aleke nàwɔ be wò hã màgaɖe toɣli ame o? Ðe ŋutifafa kple tomefafa si anɔ anyi ɖaa la ava gbaɖegbea? Xlẽ woƒe ŋuɖoɖo le nyati siwo kplɔe ɖo me.