Mawunyadɔgbedelawo—Kekeli Alo Viviti Ƒe Dɔlawoe Wonyea?—Akpa 5

Gbedasi Yeye na Xexeme Yeye Aɖe

WOYƆ Ɣetoɖoƒedukɔwo be Xexeme Yeye zi gbãtɔ le ƒe 1516 me. Esime Columbus “fɔe” le ƒe 1492 me la, ekpɔe hã be amewo le afima xoxo eye wole afima ƒe alafa geɖe. Gake Amerika Indiatɔwo va nya nu tso Kristotɔnyenye ŋu zi gbãtɔ. Nukae esia ahe vɛ na Xexeme Yeye la?

Katoliko Sɔlemeha la kpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe Europatɔwo ƒe agbenɔnɔ dzi keŋkeŋ kloe ƒe alafa geɖe. Eɖo dzidzenuwo hede sewo ɖe amegbetɔ ƒe nuwɔna ɖesiaɖe kloe kple dziɖuɖunyawo hã me. Sɔlemeha kple Dukɔa ƒe ɖekawɔwɔ alea, si nye nubabla si he Atitsogaʋawo vɛ la, hã va kpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe Xexeme Yeyea dzi.

Sidney H. Rooy si le Educación Teológica le Buenos Aires ŋlɔ bena kaka ƒe alafa 15 lia ƒe nuwuwu naɖo la, Spania-fiawo xɔe se be “Spania-fiaɖuƒea ye Mawu tia hena Xexeme Yeyea ƒe ɖeɖekpɔkpɔ.” Papa tsɔ susu do liƒo ɖe anyiehe kple dziehe domee to Atlantik-ƒua dzi tsɔ mã afisi Spania kple Portugal kpɔ mɔ afɔ nu le me. Le ƒe 1494 me la, dziɖuɖu eveawo wɔ nubabla aɖe tsɔ te liƒoa yi ɣetoɖoƒe gomee. Eyata esime Spania nɔ ŋusẽ kpɔm ɖe Titina kple Dzihe Amerika nutowo ƒe akpa gãtɔ dzi la, Portugal hã yi Brazil si ƒe ɣedzeƒeƒuta va le liƒoa ƒe ɣedzeƒe gome fifia. Le Rooy ƒe nya nu la, dukɔ eveawo se papa ƒe sededea gɔme be “wotsɔ mawunyagbɔgblɔ na anyigba siwo dzi yewokpɔ mɔ ayi dzi nɔlawo kpe ɖe yewoƒe dɔ ŋu.”

Xexeme Yeyea Dzi Ðuɖu

Saɖagaxɔmenɔlawo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo aɖe si wotia koŋ be woana anyigba mawo dzi nɔlawo natrɔ dzi me la kpe ɖe Columbus ŋu le eƒe ƒudzimɔzɔzɔ evelia me le ƒe 1493 me. Tso ɣemaɣi la, Europa nyigbaxɔlawo kple mawunyadɔgbedela nunɔlawo wɔ dɔ aduadu le Xexeme Yeyea dzi ɖuɖu me.

Le ƒe 1519 me la, Hernán Cortés si ŋu asrafosɔfo aɖe kple nunɔla bubuwo kpe ɖo la va ɖo afisi woyɔ fifia be Mexico. Kaka ƒe 50 nava yi la, mawunyadɔgbedela siwo le afima dzi ɖe edzi va ɖo 800. Mawunyadɔgbedela 350 bubuwo hã nɔ Peru, afisi Francisco Pizarro ɖo le ƒe 1531 me.

Lɛta siwo papa la ŋlɔ le ƒe 1493 me na ŋusẽ dziɖulawo le agbe si ƒomevi wodi be amewo nanɔ le woƒe aʋadziɖudɔa me ŋu. Wobu be Mawu akpe ɖe yewo ŋu elabena woxɔe se be eƒe lɔlɔ̃nue dutadziɖuɖu nye. Sɔlemenunɔla siwo di vevie be yewoƒe nu nadze ame ŋu la na kpekpeɖeŋu woɖo kpe edzi be dutadziɖuɖua le se nu. Le nyateƒe me la, ƒe alafa 17 lia me Yesutɔ aɖe si ŋkɔe nye António Vieira si wodzi le Portugal henyi le Brazil la kafu dutadziɖuɖu hegblɔ be ne menye eyae o la, ne mawunyagbɔgblɔdɔ manya wɔ o.

Mawunyadɔgbedelawo mekpɔ nu gbegblẽ aɖeke le dutadziɖuɖu ŋudɔwɔwɔ atsɔ akaka woƒe subɔsubɔha la ŋu o. Gake esia na wozu xexeme si Yesu gblɔ na eyomedzelawo be womeganye eƒe akpa aɖeke o la ƒe akpa vevi aɖe.—Yohanes 17:16.

Nana be Amewo Natrɔ Dzi Me

Rooy gblɔ be gbã la, Kristodukɔa ƒe mawunyadɔgbedelawo te “kɔnu xoxowo kple Indiatɔwo ƒe mawusubɔsubɔ nuwɔna siwo dzena gaglãa ɖeɖeɖa.” Egblɔ kpee be: “Togbɔ be wowɔa nu akpa sesẽtɔe ne ehiã hã la, wona Indiatɔ geɖe trɔ dzi me le ŋutifafa me to alesi nunɔlawo yi wo gbɔe tẽ me.”

Le nyateƒe me la, mawunyadɔgbedela aɖewo kpɔe be menyo kura be woawɔ akpa sesẽ ŋudɔ o. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, Spaniatɔ Dominiktɔ mawunyadɔgbedela si ganye nunɔla si ŋkɔe nye Bartolomé de Las Casas melɔ̃ ɖe ŋutasẽmɔnu siwo ŋudɔ wowɔ la dzi o. Eɖe kuku ɖe Indiatɔwo ta le Spania enuenu, si ta dziɖuɖua va da dzesideŋkɔ ɖe edzi be “Indiatɔwo Taʋlila.” Gake amewo wɔ nu ɖe eƒe agbagbadzedzewo ŋu le mɔ vovovowo nu. Ame aɖewo yɔe be atitsogaʋawɔla, nyagblɔɖila, Mawu subɔla, kple nukpɔla; ame bubuwo yɔe be yomemɔfiala, nazãbula, amesi tsia tre ɖe dziɖuɖu ŋu, kple blema Marxtɔ.

Wova ɖe asi le kɔnu xoxowo ɖeɖeɖa ƒe taɖodzinua ŋu emegbe. Ne wona anyigbaa dzi tɔwo lɔ̃ ɖe edzi be Kristotɔwoe yewonye ko la, woɖea mɔ na wo be woayi edzi alé woƒe trɔ̃subɔsubɔ dzixɔsewo kple nuwɔnawo me ɖe asi. Eyata Man, Myth & Magic gblɔ be “Inka-dzixɔse siwo bu ƒe akpa aɖewo nɔ Kristotɔwo ƒe azã siwo Sierra Indiatɔwo siwo le Peru ɖu la dometɔ geɖe me.” The Cambridge History of Lat­in America gblɔ be Mexico Indiatɔwo tsɔ “nusiwo sɔ ɖe woa ŋutɔwo ƒe gbɔgbɔ kple kɔnuwɔwɔ me nuhiahiãwo nu” tso Kristotɔnyenye me “hetsɔ wo tsaka woƒe tɔgbui kukuwo ƒe dzixɔse.”

Enye nyateƒe be wode tsi ta na Amerika Indiatɔ akpe geɖe. Gake “Kristotɔnyenye” si wotsɔ ɖo wo dzi la nye ameŋkumenuwɔwɔ ko. Womefia Kristotɔnyenye ƒe gɔmeɖoanyi siwo dzi woatu xɔse sẽŋu ɖo la wo o. The Cambridge History of Latin America de dzesii be: “Nu geɖe ɖee fia be Indiatɔ siwo tsɔ dzonɔameme si dze ƒã xɔ xɔse yeyea la gasubɔa woƒe legba xoxowo le bebeme.” Le nyateƒe me la, wogblɔ be Indiatɔ aɖewo tsɔ trɔ̃subɔsubɔ ƒe legbawo ɖo “Kristotɔwo” ƒe vɔsamlekpuiwo megbe be ne “Kristotɔwo ƒe Mawu” la metɔ o la, woaxɔ na yewo. Asiɖeɖe le nɔnɔme aɖewo siwo tsi wo si ɣeyiɣi didi aɖe abe srɔ̃ geɖe ɖeɖe ene ŋu hã sesẽ na wo.

Roma Katolitɔwo ƒe saɖaganutowo me tɔwo mewɔ nu wòsɔ ɖe alesi woakpɔ mɔ be “Kristotɔ” mawunyadɔgbedelawo ­awɔ nui nu ɣesiaɣi o. Dzre dzɔ ɖe Saɖaganutoawo me tɔwo dome zi geɖe. Vevietɔ woɖe ɖeklemi Yesutɔwo zi geɖe ɖe woƒe ɖoɖowo kple nuwɔnawo ta. Le nyateƒe me le ƒe 1759 me la, wonyã wo ɖa le Brazil.

Protestant-mawunyadɔgbedelawo ƒe vava mehe tɔtrɔ boo aɖeke vɛ o. Zi alesi mawunyadɔgbedelawo nɔ dzidzim ɖe edzii la, zi nenemae ɖekamawɔmawɔ si le amesiwo gblɔ be Kristotɔwoe yewonye dome do gã ɖe edzii. Katolikotɔwo tso Protestanttɔwo nu be wodi be yewoakpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe ame geɖe wu dzi; Protestanttɔwo hã tso Katolikotɔwo nu be wokaka trɔ̃subɔsubɔ ƒe dzixɔsewo eye be wo gbɔe ameawo ƒe ahedada tso. Nyateƒe geɖe le amenutsonya siawo katã me. Kristodukɔa ƒe mawunyadɔgbedelawo, Katoliko kple Protestant tɔwo siaa, do kpo Yesu ƒe kpɔɖeŋua sɔsrɔ̃.

Agbalẽ si nye The Encyclopedia of Religion gblɔ be le Xexe Yeyea katã me la, “dzimetɔtrɔ na amewo va zu dɔwɔnu na Spania, France, kple Eŋlisi dutadziɖuɖuwo.” Esi Spania kple Portugal wotɔ ŋku Latin Amerika dukɔwo la, France kple Britania hã nɔ dɔ wɔm vevie le afisi va zu United States kple Canada emegbe la.a

France kple Britania mawunyadɔgbedelawo hã tsɔ nu gbegblẽwo ɖo nɔƒe gbãtɔ abe mawunyadɔgbedela siwo nɔ Latin Amerika ke ene, eye wova ƒo wo ɖokui ɖe dunyahehe me vevie. Eyata The Encyclopedia of Religion de dzesii be “kaka Francetɔwo ƒe ɣeyiɣia nawu enu le Canada la, mawunyadɔgbedelawo te ŋu na Indiatɔwo bɔbɔ ɖe France te wu be woana woatrɔ dzi me.”

Mawu Tae loo alo Sika Tae?

Ame aɖewo agblɔ be “Mawu ƒe fiaɖuƒea ƒe takekee nye taɖodzinu” si yome anyigbaxɔla gbãtɔwo ti. Gake The Cambridge History of Latin America ɖe nusi tututue nye woƒe taɖodzinu la gblɔ be: “Ƒo ye katã ta la, sika dimee wonɔ.” Wobu be ne wona Indiatɔwo nya trɔ dzi me ko la, “woalɔ sika gbogbowo vɛ na yewo ɖokuibɔbɔtɔe.”

Eyata Kristodukɔa ƒe mawunyadɔgbedela aɖewo ɖe mɔ le wo ɖokui ŋu heva zu amesiwo si susu gbegblẽ le ƒe dɔtsɔlawo. Europatɔ gbãtɔ siwo de dzesi esia la dometɔ ɖekae nye Bartolomé de Las Casas si míeyɔ va yi. The New Encyclopædia Britannica gblɔ be eŋlɔ le ƒe 1542 me be: “Kristotɔwo ƒe sika didi kple woƒe didi be yewoakpɔ ga le ɣeyiɣi kpui aɖe ko me ye na wowu ame geɖe hetsrɔ̃ wo.”

Europatɔ anyigbaxɔlawo metsɔ gbɔgbɔmenumekɔkɔ aɖeke vɛ o. James A. Michener gblɔ le eƒe agbalẽ Mexico me be Kristotɔ xɔsetaʋlilawo gblɔ be esi Cortés va Mexico la, “ŋkumaʋumaʋutɔ siwo wòtsɔ ŋkuʋuʋu kple Kristotɔnyenye vɛ na lae wòva kpɔ.” Gake Michener gblɔ be Mexico Indiatɔwo “menye ŋkumaʋumaʋutɔwo” le ƒe 900 M.Ŋ. me gɔ̃ hã o, “gake wova ɖe ŋu ɖi le woƒe ŋkuʋuʋu wɔnukua ŋu dzɔdzɔ ŋu ale gbegbe be ŋkumaʋumaʋutɔ ŋutɔŋutɔwo va kpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe wo dzi.” Yeaɖi Kristotɔwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye ‘ŋkumaʋumaʋutɔ ŋutɔŋutɔ’ ­siawo.

Dzadzraɖodɔ Aɖe

Kristodukɔa ƒe mawunyadɔgbedelawo mewɔ ɖe Yesu ƒe mɔfiafia be ‘woawɔ amewo nusrɔ̃lawo ahafia wo be woawɔ nusiwo katã’ wòɖo la dzi o. (Mateo 28:​19, 20) Womefia dzimetrɔla yeyewo be woaɖe Mawu ƒe gbɔgbɔ ƒe kutsetsewo afia o. Womewɔ ɖeka le xɔse ɖeka me o.

Kristodukɔa ƒe mawunyadɔgbedela siwo ku kutri gɔ̃ hã mete ŋu wɔ nu nyui aɖeke wu xɔsegbegbe ƒe Kristotɔnyenye si wokaka ɖi o. “Kekeli” si woklẽ ɖe ­Xexeme Yeyea dzi la wɔ vĩ vavã. Gake Kristodukɔa ƒe mawunyadɔgbedelawo to Biblia si wona wòsu amewo si dzi wɔ dzadzraɖodɔ aɖe hena dutanyanyuigblɔdɔ vevi si Yesu gblɔ ɖi be woawɔ le nuwuɣia me la wɔwɔ. (Mateo 24:14) Anye dɔ ɖedzesi aɖe si akpɔ dzidzedze wu ɖesiaɖe si wowɔ le Kristotɔwo ƒe ŋutinya me kpɔ ahaɖe vi na dukɔwo katã me tɔwo. Ɣlẽ nu tso eŋu le tata si kplɔe ɖo me le nyati si nye “Nusrɔ̃la Vavãwo Wɔwɔ Egbea” me.

[Etenuŋɔŋlɔ]

[Nɔnɔmetata si le axa 22]

Mawunyadɔgbedelawo kple Europatɔ anyigbaxɔlawoe va Amerika-nyigbawo dzi

[Afi Si Míexɔ Mɔɖeɖe Tso]

Etso agbalẽ si nye Die Helden der christlichen Kirche me