Akulu—Gaŵirani Mathayo!
IYE anali munthu woleza mtima, wodzichepetsa, wokhala ndi lingaliro lamphamvu la chiweruzo cholungama lokulitsidwa ndi zokumana nazo zake m’moyo. Chotero, amuna, akazi ndi ana oposa mamiliyoni atatu, mwachidaliro anayang’ana kwa iye kaamba ka uphungu. Iye anayesa kusawagwiritsa mwala. Kuyambira mamawa kufikira madzulo, anamvetsera zovuta zawo nawathandiza moleza mtima kuwona mmene malamulo a Mulungu anagwirira ntchito kumkhalidwe wawo. Inde, kwanyengo yochepa, zaka pafupifupi 3,500 zapitazo, mafuko 12 a Israyeli anaweruzidwa ndi munthu mmodzi yekha mosathandizidwa—Mose.
Komabe, Yetero, mpongozi wa Mose, anadera nkhaŵa. Kodi Mose angayembekezere motani kupitirizabe ndi mkhalidwewo? Chotero Yetero analengeza kuti: “Chinthu uchitachi sichiri chabwino ayi. Udzalema konse, iwe ndi anthu amene uli nawo; pakuti chikulaka chinthu ichi; sungathe kuchichita pawekha.” (Eksodo 18:17, 18) Kodi chothetsera vutolo chinali chiyani? Yetero analangiza Mose kugaŵira ena a mathayo ake kwa ena. (Eksodo 18:19-23) Unali uphungu wabwino kwambiri!
Mumpingo Wachikristu lerolino, pali akulu ambiri amene, monga Mose, amayesayesa kusamalira zinthu zoposa zimene iwo mothekera angachite okha. Amalinganiza misonkhano limodzi ndi kukonzekerera ndiyeno kukamba nkhani zaprogramu mumkhalidwe wadongosolo, ndi mogwira mtima. (1 Akorinto 14:26, 33, 40; 1 Timoteo 4:13) Akulu amasamaliranso zosoŵa za ziwalo zirizonse pazokha zampingo. (Agalatiya 6:1; 1 Atesalonika 5:14; Yakobo 5:14) Amatsogolera m’ntchito yofunika koposa yofalitsa mbiri yabwino ya Ufumuwo. (Mateyu 24:14; Ahebri 13:7) Ndiponso, amalinganiza kuti mitokoma ya mabukhu ipezeke kumpingo kuti uwagaŵire kwa anthu.
Ndiponso, akulu ena amagaŵiridwa mbali pamaprogramu a msonkhano wadera ndi misonkhano yachigawo. Iwo amatumikira pamakonzedwe amsonkhano ndi kutumikira pamakomiti olankhulana ndi achipatala. Ena amathandizira kumanga Nyumba Zaufumu. Ndipo zonsezi kuwonjezera pamathayo awo abanja ndi kufunikira kwawo kudzidyetsa mwauzimu. (Yerekezerani ndi Yoswa 1:8; Salmo 110:3; 1 Timoteo 3:4, 5; 4:15, 16.) Kodi ndimotani mmene amuna Achikristu oterowo amachitira zonsezi? Mofanana ndi Mose iwo ayenera kupeza chithandizo. Ayenera kuphunzira kugaŵira mathayo. Ndithudi, munthu amene samagaŵira mathayo ndiwolinganiza wosakhoza bwino.
Phindu la Kuphunzitsa Ena
Pali zifukwa zowonjezereka zogaŵira mathayo. M’fanizo la Yesu la matalente, mbuyeyo, asanachoke kumka paulendo wautali, anaitana akapolo ake nawagaŵira milingo yosiyanasiyana ya mathayo. (Mateyu 25:14, 15) Mwakutero, mbuyeyo anali wokhoza kufikira zonulirapo zingapo. Choyamba, pamene iye anali atachoka, akapolo ake anachita momgwirira malo ndipo ntchito yofunikayo siinaime pamene iye anali atapita. Chachiŵiri, popeza kuti zimene munthu amachita zimasonyeza chimene iye ali bwino lomwe koposa zimene amalankhula, mbuyeyo anali wokhoza kuwona maluso ndi kukhulupirika kwa akapolo ake. Chachitatu, mbuyeyo anapatsa akapolo ake mwaŵi wa kupeza chidziŵitso chofunika kwambiricho.
Fanizo limeneli liri ndi tanthauzo kwa ife lerolino. Pamene Yesu anachoka padziko lapansi, anapatsa thayo ophunzira ake odzozedwa. Otsalira a ameneŵa adakali ndi thayo la zinthu Zaufumu za padziko lonse. (Luka 12:42) M’nthaŵi ya udindo wamakono wa odzozedwa, dalitso la Yehova lakhala lachiwonekere pagulu lake. Monga chotulukapo, lawonjezereka modabwitsa. Eya, m’zaka zisanu zokha zapitazo, atsopano oposa miliyoni imodzi achitira chizindikiro kudzipatulira kwawo mwaubatizo wa m’madzi! Zimenezi zapangitsa kukhalapo kwa zikwi zambiri za mipingo yatsopano ndi madera atsopano mazana ambiri.
Monga momwe Yesu Kristu anagaŵira mathayo kwa “kapolo wokhulupirika ndi wanzeru,” iwo nawonso agaŵira mathayo ampingo kwa akulu ndi atumiki otumikira a “nkhosa zina.” (Mateyu 24:45-47; Yohane 10:16) Mosasamala kanthu za zimenezo, amuna odzipereka owonjezereka adakafunika kuti asamalire chiwonjezeko chachikulu chimenecho. Kodi iwo adzachokera kuti? Akulu ayenera kuwaphunzitsa. Koma kodi ndimotani mmene akulu angaphunzitsire amuna oterowo ngati sagaŵira mathayo oyenerera kwa anthu amene amasonyeza kukhala okhoza? Kodi ndimotaninso mmene akulu amakhalira ndi mwaŵi wa kuwona maluso ndi kukhulupirika kwa amuna achichepere?
Kodi Kumatanthauzanji Kugaŵira Mathayo?
Kwa ena, “kugaŵira mathayo” kumatanthauza kutula, kupeŵa, kunyalanyaza, kapena kusiya mathayo awo. Komabe, kutagwiritsiridwa ntchito moyenera, “kugaŵira mathayo” ndikodi njira yosenzera mwachipambano mathayo. Mneni Wachingelezi wa “kugaŵira mathayo” wafotokozedwa kukhala “kuikizira kwa wina; kuika monga woimira wa munthuwe; kupatsa thayo kapena ulamuliro.” Mosasamala kanthu za zimenezo, wogaŵira thayoyo amakhalabe ndi thayo lonse la zimene zikuchitidwa.
Ena angapewe kugaŵira mathayo chifukwa chakuti akuwopa kuti adzataikiridwa ndi ulamuliro. Komabe, kugaŵira mathayo sikumatanthauza kutaikiridwa ndi ulamuliro. Ngakhale kuti ali wosawoneka ndipo akulamulira ali kumwamba, Kristu Yesu ali ndi ulamuliro kotheratu pa mpingo Wachikristu. Iye, akuikiziranso mpingo m’chisamaliro cha amuna achidziŵitso.—Aefeso 5:23-27; Akolose 1:13.
Ena angapewe kugaŵira ena mathayo chifukwa chakuti amalingalira kuti angachite ntchitoyo mofulumirirapo iwo eni. Komabe, Yesu anawona phindu la kuphunzitsa ena. Palibe aliyense padziko lapansi amene anaphunzitsa mogwira mtima kwambiri koposa Yesu. (Yohane 7:46) Komabe, atapereka malangizo kwa okwanira 70 a ophunzira ake, iye anawatuma kuntchito yolalikira. Ngakhale kuti anali osakhoza kufanana ndi Yesu m’luso la kuphunzitsa, iwo anabwerera ali ndi chisangalalo chachikulu kaamba ka zipambano zawo. Yesu anasangalala limodzi nawo nawayamikira, pakuti anadziŵa kuti akapitirizabe ndi ntchitoyo kwanthaŵi yaitali atapita ndipo potsirizira pake akachita zoposa zimene iye yekha anali wokhoza kuchita.—Luka 10:1-24; Yohane 14:12.
Kugaŵira kumatanthauzanso kupeza chithandizo limodzi ndi malangizo ofunika. Tsiku limodzi Yesu asanafe, anagaŵira Petro ndi Yohane kupanga makonzedwe ofunikira kaamba ka chakudya cha Paskha wake wotsiriza. (Luka 22:7-13) Yesu sanafunikire kudera nkhaŵa za kukagula mwana wankhosa, vinyo, mkate wopanda chotupitsa, ndi ndiwo zoŵaŵa; ndiponso iye sanafunikire kusonkhanitsa ziwiya zodyera, nkhuni, ndi zina zotero. Petro ndi Yohane anasamalira zinthu zimenezo.
Akulu lerolino angasangalale ndi mapindu ofananawo ngati atsatira chitsanzo cha Yesu. Mwachitsanzo, wosamalira mabukhu angapemphedwe kuwodetsa mitokoma yofunika kaamba ka mkupiti ulinkudza. Angalangizidwe kupenda zolembedwa zake kuti awone mmene zinthu zofananazo zinagwiritsidwira ntchito m’mikupiti yapitayo. Iye angalingalirenso mikhalidwe ya gawo lampingo asanalembe fomu lowodetsera loyenerera. Iye pamenepo angapereke fomulo kwa mlembi wampingo kuti apende. Pamene mtumiki wa mabukhu waphunzira ntchito yake, kungakhale kosafunikira kuti mlembi apendenso kachiŵiri zolembedwa zakale malinga ngati ziwonkhetso zapafomu lowodetseralo ziri zosamkitsa. Mwachiwonekere, mchitidwe wosavuta umenewu wa kugaŵira thayo ungapangitse kuperekedwa kwa oda ya mabukhu kukhala kosavutirapo ndi kofewa kwa onse ophatikizidwa.
Polingalira za mapindu othekera oterowo, kodi munthu angagaŵire mathayo motani mogwira mtima?
Mmene Mathayo Angagaŵidwire
Mveketsani bwino ntchitoyo. Choyamba, mveketsani bwino lomwe zotulukapo zimene zikuyembekezeredwa. “Chita nazoni malonda kufikira ndibweranso” ndizo zimene “munthu wa fuko lomveka” wa m’fanizo la Yesu la ndalama anauza akapolo ake khumi. (Luka 19:12, 13) Mbuyeyo anayembekezera akapolowo kupanga malonda mopindulitsa ndi ndalama yake ndiyeno kudzaperekera lipoti la mapindu awo pobwera iye. Iwo anadziŵa zimene anafunikira kuchita. Kodi ndimotani mmene lamulo lamakhalidwe abwino limeneli lingagwirire ntchito pantchito yomanga Nyumba Yaufumu yamakono? Mwa chitsanzo, kaŵirikaŵiri mbale wogaŵiridwa kukonzetsa tsindwi angauzidwe kuti ndimilimo yotani yoti igwiritsiridwe ntchito, koti ipezedwe, ndi nthaŵi yoyamba ntchitoyo, ngati mkhalidwe wakunja ulola. Zitsogozo zachindunji zoterozo zimatheketsa kulinganizidwa kwabwino.
Nkofunika kumveketsa bwino osati kokha zophatikizidwapo m’ntchitoyo komanso zosankha zimene munthuyo akuloledwa kupanga ndi kuti ndinkhani ziti zimene ziyenera kuperekedwa kwa munthu wina. Mose anauza othandiza ake kuti anayenera kuweruza milandu yaing’ono, koma milandu yovuta inayenera kuperekedwa kwa iye.—Eksodo 18:22.
Pogaŵira mathayo, samalani kusagaŵira mathayo amodzimodziwo kwa anthu aŵiri. Pamene anthu oposa mmodzi agaŵiridwa mathayo ofananawo, pamakhala chisokonezo. Yerekezerani zimene zingachitike ngati pamsonkhano waukulu wa Mboni za Yehova, onse aŵiri Dipatimenti Yoyeretsa ndi Dipatimenti Yautumiki Wachakudya anapatsidwa thayo la kuyeretsa malo osungira chakudya, kapena ngati onse aŵiri Dipatimenti ya Akalinde ndi Dipatimenti Yaubatizo anagawiridwa kutsogoza openyererawo mkati mwa ubatizo.
Sankhani amuna okhoza. Yetero analangiza Mose kuti: “Uyenera iwemwini kufunafuna amuna okhoza, owopa Mulungu pakati pa anthu onse, amuna owona mtima ndi osaipitsidwa, ndipo uwaike oyang’anira anthu.” (Eksodo 18:21, The New English Bible) Mwachiwonekere, mwamunayo choyamba ayenera kufitsa ziyeneretso zauzimu. Kuti muzindikire ngati munthuyo ali “wokhoza” kuchita ntchito imene muli nayo, muyenera kulingalira pa mfundo zonga zikhoterero zamunthuyo, chidziŵitso, kuphunzitsidwa, ndi maluso. Chotero, Mkristu amene ali ndi mkhalidwe woyamikirika mwapadera, wabwino, wothandiza mwachiwonekere angagwire ntchito bwino mwina pakauntala yamagazini kapena monga kalinde. Mofananamo, posankha munthu kuti athandize mlembi wampingo, chisamaliro moyenerera chingaperekedwe pa mlingo umene iye ali wadongosolo. Kodi amapereka chisamaliro kumalangizo, kodi ngwodalirika, ndipo kodi angasunge chinsinsi? (Luka 16:10) Kupereka chisamaliro kumfundo zoterozo kuwonjezera paziyeneretso zoyenerera zauzimu kungathandize kuika munthu woyenera pantchitoyo.
Gaŵirani zipangizo zoyenerera. Wotumikirayo adzafunikira kukhala ndi zipangizo zakutizakuti kuti akwaniritse ntchito yake yogaŵiridwa. Mwinamwake adzafunikira ziwiya, ndalama, kapena chithandizo. Gaŵirani zipangizo zokwanira. Mwachitsanzo, mbale angapemphedwe kukonzanso koyenerera mogumuka pa Nyumba Yaufumu. Mwachiwonekere, iye akauzidwa zimene ziyenera kuchitidwa, koma iye angafunenso ndalama zochepa zogulira milimo imene ingafunike. Mwinamwake adzafunikira chithandizo. Chotero akulu angapemphe ena kumthandiza kapena kupanga chilengezo kumpingo chakuti ‘Mbale Uje adzakhala akuchita ntchito yakutiyakuti paholo, ndipo angafikire ena a inu kupempha chithandizo.’ Kulingalira kwapasadakhale koteroko kudzapewetsa munthuyo kugaŵira ntchito popanda kupereka zipangizo zokwanira. “Musagaŵire theka la thayolo” ndimo mmene phungu wa ntchito yauyang’aniro akunenera.
Pogaŵira mathayo, dziŵitsani ena kuti munthuyo akuchita mokuimirani inu. Ulamuliro wa kuchita mokuimirani ulinso chipangizo. Yoswa anapatsidwa ntchito monga mtsogoleri watsopano wa Israyeli pamaso pa “khamu lonse.” Mose analangizidwa ‘kumuikirapo wina wa ulemerero wake.’ (Numeri 27:18-23) M’makonzedwe ampingo, zofananazo zingachitidwe mwa kungoika pabolodi lachidziŵitso mpambo wa awo amene ali ndi mathayo ogaŵiridwa.
Chirikizani zosankha zawo. Tsopano wogaŵiridwayo angachite ntchito imene muli nayo. Komabe, kumbukirani, mungakhale magwero enieni a chilimbikitso kwa iye ngati muchirikiza zosankha zabwino zimene apanga. Mwachitsanzo, inu monga mkulu mungakhale ndi zokonda zanu ponena za mmene chokuzira mawu chingaikidwire ndi maikidwe amipando paplatifomu ya Nyumba Yaufumu, mwinamwake yosiyana pang’ono ndi mmene mbale wogaŵiridwayo akuchitira. Komabe, ngati mbale wosamalira platifomu analoledwa ufulu wakutiwakuti pantchito yake, iye mwachiwonekere adzapeza chidaliro ndi chidziŵitso. Ndi iko komwe, iye angawongoleredi zinthu. Katswiri wina wa bizinesi anafotokoza kuti: “Gaŵirani ntchito, osati mmene imachitidwira. . . . Kaŵirikaŵiri, luso la kulingalira limapezedwa.”
Ndiponso, mbale yemwe akuchita ntchito yeniyeniyo, kaŵirikaŵiri amawona mkhalidwewo bwinopo ndipo chotero angamvetsetse bwinopo mavuto ogwirizanitsidwa nawo. Iye mwachiwonekere adzasamalira mavutowo ndi njira zothetsera zimene zimagwiradi ntchito. Iye angakhale akuchitanso ndi mfundo zimene ziri zosadziŵika kwa openyerera. Chifukwa chake, woyang’anira Wachikristu wina anati ponena za wothandiza wachidziŵitso: “Ngati iye anena kuti pali zothetsa nzeru, ndiyenera kumkhulupirira.”
Inde, zipangizo zamtengo wapatali koposa zopezeka kwa akulu Achikristu ndizo amuna ndi akazi odzipereka amene ali ofunitsitsa ndi okhoza kuthandiza m’njira iriyonse imene iwo akuuzidwa. Akulu, gwiritsirani ntchito chithandizo chamtengo wapatali chimenechi! Kugaŵira mathayo ndiko chizindikiro cha kudekha ndipo kungachepetse chipsinjo ndi kugwiritsidwa mwala. Chotero sikokha kuti inu mudzakhala wokhoza kuchita zambiri komanso mudzapatsa ena mwaŵi wa kupeza chidziŵitso chofunikacho.