Evhangeri dzeApokirifa—Dzine Chokwadi Chatisingazivi nezvaJesu Here?

“TAWANA chinhu chinokosha zvisingaiti. Vanhu vakawanda vachatsamwa.” “Izvi zvichachinja manzwisisiro atinoita nhoroondo yechiKristu chepakutanga.” Mashoko aya akataurwa nedzimwe nyanzvi dzaifarira kubudiswa kwakaitwa “Evhangeri yaJudhasi,” iyo yaifungidzirwa kuti yakanga yava nemakore 1 600 yakarasika (ine mufananidzo uri pamusoro apa).

Mazuva ano vanhu vava kuda kuziva zvakawanda nezveevhangeri dzeapokirifa. Vamwe vanoti magwaro aya anobudisa pachena nhoroondo dzinokosha uye zvidzidzo zvatinowana muupenyu hwaJesu, zvanga zvava nenguva zvisingambotaurwi. Asi evhangeri dzeapokirifa idzi dzinombova chii? Dzinganyatsotidzidzisa chokwadi nezvaJesu uye nezvechiKristu kupfuura zvatinowana muBhaibheri here?

Evhangeri Dzechokwadi nedzeApokirifa

Mateu, Mako, Ruka naJohani vakanyora “nhoroondo yaJesu Kristu” pakati pa41 C.E. na98 C.E. (Mateu 1:1) Nhoroondo idzi dzinonziwo evhangeri, zvichireva kuti “mashoko akanaka” pamusoro paJesu Kristu.—Mako 1:1.

Kunyange zvazvo pangadaro paiva nenhoroondo dzaitaurwa pamusoro paJesu nezvimwewo zvingava zvakanyorwa pamusoro pake, Evhangeri ina idzi ndidzo chete dzainzi dzakafemerwa naMwari uye dzaikodzera kuiswa muMagwaro Matsvene. Dzaitaura ‘chokwadi’ pamusoro pezvakadzidziswa naJesu uye nezvoupenyu hwake paaiva pasi pano. (Ruka 1:1-4; Mabasa 1:1, 2; 2 Timoti 3:16, 17) Evhangeri ina idzi dzinowanika muzvinyorwa zvose zvekare zvine Magwaro echiKristu echiGiriki. Hapana chinoita kuti tisava nechokwadi chokuti mabhuku aya chikamu cheShoko raMwari rakafemerwa.

Zvisinei, nokufamba kwenguva, pakatanga kuva nezvimwe zvinyorwa zvakanga zvava kunzi evhangeri. Dzimwe evhangeri idzi ndidzo dzainzi Apokirifa.a

Zana remakore rechipiri rava kunopera, Irenaeus wekuLyon iri kuFrance akanyora kuti vaya vakanga vapanduka ndokusiya chiKristu vaiva ne“zvinyorwa zveapokirifa nezvimwe zvinyorwa zvenhema zvakawandisa,” zvaisanganisira evhangeri “dzavakazvigadzirira voga kuti vavhiringidze pfungwa dzevanhu vakapusa.” Saka evhangeri dzeapokirifa dzakaguma dzava kunzi dzine ngozi kudziverenga kana kutova nadzo.

Zvisinei, makarekare vaya vaiva vakapikira nevaya vaiita basa rokukopa mabhuku vakaramba vachiachengetedza. Muzana remakore rechi19, vanhu vakanga vava kunyanya kufarira nyaya yacho uye pakawanikwa muunganidzwa wemagwaro akawanda nemamwe eapokirifa akanga akanyorwa zvakasiyana, aisanganisira evhangeri dzakati wandei. Mazuva ano kwava neshanduro dzakabudiswa mumitauro inonyanya kutaurwa munyika dzakawanda.

Evhangeri dzeApokirifa: Hadzisi Nhoroondo Dzinotaura nezvaJesu

Kazhinji evhangeri dzeapokirifa dzinotaura nezvevanhu vasinganyanyi kutaurwa nevasingatombotaurwi muEvhangeri dzechokwadi dzaMateu, Mako, Ruka naJohani. Pamwe pacho dzinotaura nezvezvinhu zvinonzi zvakaitika Jesu paaiva mucheche. Ngatimboonai zvimwe zvacho.

◼ “Evhangeri Inonzi Yakanyorwa naJakobho,” iyo inonziwo “Kuberekwa kwaMariya,” inorondedzera kuberekwa kwaMariya uye paaiva muduku pamwe nokuroorwa kwaakazoitwa naJosefa. Pane zvikonzero zvine musoro zvinoita kuti evhangeri iyi inzi ingano yezvechitendero. Evhangeri iyi inotsigira pfungwa yokuti Mariya akaramba ari mhandara uye zviri pachena kuti yakanyorerwa kuti imupe mbiri.—Mateu 1:24, 25; 13:55, 56.

◼ “Evhangeri Youcheche yaTomasi” inonyanya kutaura nezvaJesu achiri muduku, ane makore ari pakati pe5 ne12, uye inoti akaita zvishamiso zvakawanda. Zvisinei zvishamiso zvacho hazvisi zvechokwadi. (Ona Johani 2:11.) Inoti Jesu aiva ndururani yemwana, aine hasha noutsinye achishandisa simba rake rokuita zvishamiso kuti atsive vadzidzisi, vavakidzani, nevamwe vana, achipofumadza, kuremadza kunyange kutouraya vamwe vacho.

◼ Dzimwe evhangeri dzeapokirifa, dzakaita se“Evhangeri yaPetro,” dzinonyanya kutaura nezvezviitiko zvine chokuita nokutongwa, kuurayiwa, uye kumutswa kwaJesu. Dzimwewo, dzakaita se“Mabasa aPirato,” iyo inovawo chikamu che“Evhangeri yaNikodhimo,” dzinonyanya kutaura nezvevanhu vane chokuita nezviitiko izvozvo. Hatingambovimbi nemagwaro aya nokuti anotaura nezvevanhu vasina kumbobvira vararama uye zvinhu zvisina kumboitika. “Evhangeri yaPetro” inoda kupa pfungwa yokuti Pondiyo Pirato haana mhosva panyaya yokuurayiwa kwaJesu uye inorondedzera kumuka kwaJesu sechinhu chisina kumboitika.

Evhangeri dzeApokirifa uye Kupandukira chiKristu

Muna December 1945, pedyo neNag Hammadi, nechokumusoro kweEgypt, vamwe varimi vakangoerekana vawana mipumburu 13 yenhokwe yaiva nemagwaro 52. Magwaro aya emuzana remakore rechina anonzi akanyorwa nerimwe sangano rechitendero uye revazivi rinonzi Gnosticism. Sangano racho raiita zvechihedheni, zvouzivi hwechiGiriki, zvechiJudha, zvechiKristu uye zvokuedza kutaura naMwari vachiita sevari kumuona, uye izvozvo zvakawedzera kutsausa vamwe vaizviti vaKristu.—1 Timoti 6:20, 21.

“Evhangeri yaTomasi,” “Evhangeri yaFiripi,” uye “Evhangeri Yechokwadi,” idzo dziri mumuunganidzwa wemipumburu yakawanikwa pedyo neNag Hammadi, dzinotaura pfungwa dzakasiyana-siyana dzisinganzwisisiki dzevaGnostic dzichiti dzakataurwa naJesu. “Evhangeri yaJudhasi” ichangobva kuwanikwa inonziwo ndeimwe yeEvhangeri dzesangano iri. Inotaura zvakanaka nezvaJudhasi ichiti ndiye oga muapostora ainyatsonzwisisa kuti Jesu aiva ani. Imwe nyanzvi yezvechitendero yakati Evhangeri iyi inorondedzera Jesu se“mudzidzisi uye muzivisi wouchenjeri nezivo, kwete muponesi anofira zvivi zvenyika.” Asi Evhangeri dzakafemerwa dzinodzidzisa kuti Jesu akafa kuti ave chibayiro chezvivi zvenyika. (Mateu 20:28; 26:28; 1 Johani 2:1, 2) Zviri pachena kuti evhangeri dzesangano iri dzakanyorerwa kuti vanhu vasava nokutenda muBhaibheri, pane kuti dzisimbise kutenda kwavo.—Mabasa 20:30.

Zvinhu Zvinoita Kuti Tibvume Evhangeri dzeChokwadi

Kana tikanyatsoongorora evhangeri dzeapokirifa tinoona kuti ndedzenhema. Kana tichidzienzanisa neEvhangeri dzechokwadi, zviri pachena kuti hadzina kufemerwa naMwari. (2 Timoti 1:13) Evhangeri idzi dzeapokirifa dzakanyorwa nevanhu vasina kumbobvira vaziva Jesu kana kuti vaapostora vake, saka hapana chimwe chokwadi chadzinotaura nezvaJesu uye nezvechiKristu. Asi dzine nhoroondo dzisina kururama, dzokufungidzira dzisingatibatsiri kuziva Jesu nezvaaidzidzisa.—1 Timoti 4:1, 2.

Kusiyana neizvi, Mateu naJohani vaiva vamwe vevaapostora 12 vaJesu uye Mako aiwirirana nomuapostora Petro ukuwo Ruka achiwirirana naPauro. Vakanyora Evhangeri dzavo vachifemerwa nomudzimu mutsvene waMwari. (2 Timoti 3:14-17) Ndokusaka Evhangeri ina idzi dzine zvose zvinoita kuti munhu abvume kuti “Jesu ndiye Kristu Mwanakomana waMwari.”—Johani 20:31.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]

[Vakatipa Mufananidzo uri papeji 18]

Kenneth Garrett/National Geographic Stock