Lefèvre d’Étaples​—Aida Kuti Vanhu Vese Vanzwisise Shoko raMwari

WAIVA musi weSvondo mangwanani, kumakore ekuma1520, apo vagari vemuguta rinonzi Meaux, riri pedyo neParis, vakanzwa mashoko anofadza muchechi. Vainge vangojaira kunzwa Bhaibheri richiverengwa muchiLatin. Asi musi uyu, vakarinzwa richiverengwa mumutauro wavo wechiFrench!

Jacques Lefèvre d’Étaples (muchiLatin anonzi Jacobus Faber Stapulensis), ndiye ainge arishandura. Akazonyorera shamwari yake tsamba achiti: “Zviri kuitwa naMwari zvinoshamisa chaizvo nekuti ari kuita kuti vanhu vanotarisirwa pasi vanzwe Shoko rake.”

Makore iwayo, chechi yeRoma pamwe chete nevafundisi vaiva muParis vaisada kuti vanhu vashandise maBhaibheri emutauro waizivikanwa nevazhinji. Saka chii chakaita kuti Lefèvre ashandure Bhaibheri muchiFrench? Akabatsira sei vanhu vaitarisirwa pasi kuti vanzwisise Shoko raMwari?

AKATANGA KUTSVAGA ZVINODZIDZISWA NEBHAIBHERI

Asati atomboshandura Bhaibheri, Lefèvre aishanda nesimba kuti agadziridze dzidziso dzephilosophy netheology. Akaona kuti zvinyorwa zvekare zvainge zvakanganiswa nevanhu vainyora zvisizvo. Kuti anyatsonzwisisa kuti zvinyorwa zvepakutanga zvaiti kudii, akatanga kuongorora Bhaibheri raishandiswa nechechi yeRoma rainzi Latin Vulgate.

Kushingaira kwaaiita pakudzidza Magwaro kwakaita kuti aone kuti “kudzidza chokwadi chinobva kuna Mwari ndiko kunoita kuti . . . munhu anyatsofara muupenyu.” Saka, Lefèvre akabva asiya zvephilosophy, akatanga kushandura Bhaibheri.

Lefèvre akaongorora bhuku raMapisarema achishandisa maBhaibheri 5 echiLatin,a uye anewo zvimwe zvaakagadziridza muBhaibheri reVulgate. Muna 1509 akabva abudisa bhuku rairatidza musiyano waiva mumaBhaibheri aya. Lefèvre akanga akasiyana nevaongorori vakawanda veBhaibheri vepanguva iyoyo, pakuti aida kushandura Bhaibheri nemutauro uri nyore kunzwisisa. Kutsanangura kwaaiita Magwaro kwakabatsira chaizvo vamwe vaongorori veBhaibheri nevaya vakazobuda muchechi yeRoma.—Ona bhokisi rakanzi “Martin Luther Akabatsirwa naLefèvre.”

Lefèvre akaberekerwa mumhuri yaipinda chechi yeRoma, uye aiti dzidziso dzemuchechi dzaizochinja kana vanhu vese vakadzidziswa chokwadi chemuBhaibheri. Ko vanhu vaitarisirwa pasi vaizobatsirwa sei neBhaibheri sezvo raiwanzowanika muchiLatin chete?

BHAIBHERI RINOWANIKA NEVANHU VOSE

Kuda kwaiita Lefèvre Shoko raMwari kwakaita kuti ashande nesimba kuti vanhu vakawanda variwane. Saka muna June 1523, akabudisa Bhaibheri rechiFrench raiva nemabhuku aMateu, Mako, Ruka uye Johani. Bhaibheri iri rainge rakapatsanurwa kuva tumabhuku tuviri, twunokwana muhomwe. Rainge rakachipa zvekuti varombo vaikwanisa kuritenga.

Vanhu vakawanda vaishayiwa vakarifarira zvikuru. Vaida chaizvo kuverenga mashoko aJesu mumutauro wavo zvekuti mumwedzi mishomanana maBhaibheri 1 200 ainge aprindwa akanga atopera.

AKASHINGA KUSHANDURA BHAIBHERI

Mumashoko ekusuma eBhaibheri rechiFrench raainge ashandura, Lefèvre akati chinangwa chake chaiva chekuti “varombo” vaiva muchechi “vanzwisisewo evhangeri sezvinoita vanoverenga chiLatin.” Chii chakaita kuti ade kubatsira vanhu ava kunzwisisa zvinodzidziswa neBhaibheri?

Lefèvre ainyatsoziva kuti zvaidzidziswa nevanhu zvainge zvavhiringidza dzidziso dzemuchechi yeRoma. (Mako 7:7; VaKorose 2:8) Uye ainyatsoona kuti nguva yainge yasvika yekuti Evhangeri “iziviswe pasi rose, kuitira kuti vanhu vasaramba vachinyengedzwa nedzidziso dzevanhu.”

Pane vanhu vaisada kuti Bhaibheri rishandurwe muchiFrench, saka Lefèvre akaratidza kuti vanhu ivavo vaiva vanyengeri achiti: “Vachakwanisa sei kudzidzisa [vanhu] zvose zvakataurwa naJesu Kristu, kana vasingadi kuti murombo aone uye averenge Evhangeri yaMwari mumutauro wake?”—VaRoma 10:14.

Vaongorori veBhaibheri vepaUniversity of Paris vaida kumisa basa raiitwa naLefèvre. Muna August 1523, vakaramba kuti maBhaibheri emimwe mitauro uye mabhuku anotsanangura Bhaibheri ashandiswe vachiti “anokanganisa chechi.” Kudai asiri mambo wekuFrance ainzi Francis I, Lefèvre angadai akatopomerwa mhosva yekuti ari kupanduka.

ANOPEDZISA KUSHANDURA BHAIBHERI

Lefèvre akaramba achingoshandura Bhaibheri pasinei nekushorwa. Muna 1524, paakanga apedza kushandura Magwaro echiGiriki (anowanzonzi Testamende Itsva), akabudisa bhuku raMapisarema muchiFrench iro raizobatsira vatendi kunyengetera “nemwoyo wose uye vachiratidza kuti vakaperera kuna Mwari.”

Vaongorori veBhaibheri paUniversity of Paris vakabva vanyatsovhura ziso vachiongorora zvose zvainge zvashandurwa naLefèvre. Vakabva vazotaura kuti Magwaro echiGiriki aaiva ashandura apiswe pachena, uye vakataura kuti zvimwe zvinyorwa zvake zvaiva ‘zvekutsigira Luther wavaiti mupandukiwo.’ Pavakamuti ngaauye atsanangure chinangwa chake, Lefèvre akabva atizira kuStrasbourg. Akaramba achishandura Bhaibheri asi achizviita nekungwarira. Vamwe vakamuona segwara, asi iye akatoona kuti zvaakaita ndozvanga zvakatonaka pane kuti anetsane nevanhu ava vaisakoshesa chokwadi chemuBhaibheri.—Mateu 7:6.

Pashure perinenge gore rimwe chete atiza, Mambo Francis I, akakumbira Lefèvre kuti ave mudzidzisi wemwana wake Charles, uyo aiva nemakore 4. Basa iri rakaita kuti ave nenguva yakawanda yekupedzisa kushandura Bhaibheri. Paakazopedza, rakabva ranoprindirwa kunze kweFrance, kuAntwerp, muna 1530, pashure pekunge apiwa mvumo naEmperor Charles V.b

ZVAAIDA HAZVINA KUITIKA

Kweupenyu hwake hwose, Lefèvre aiva netarisiro yekuti chechi yeRoma yaizosiya dzidziso dzevanhu, yodzoka kudzidziso dzechokwadi dziri muBhaibheri. Aiti “muKristu wose ane kodzero yekuzviverengera Bhaibheri uye kuridzidza.” Ndokusaka akashanda nesimba kuti Bhaibheri rikwanise kuwanikwa nevanhu vose. Zvaidiwa naLefèvre zvekuti chechi iite zvinoenderana nezviri muBhaibheri hazvina kubudirira, asi akabatsira chaizvo kuti vanhu vaitarisirwa pasi vanzwisise Shoko raMwari.