Isita Inorevei Kuna Mwari?
ISITA—“mambokadzi wemitambo!” festum festorum!—anotaurwa kuti anochengeta rumuko rwaKristu. Asi Jesu akatii pamusoro pokuchengeta rumuko rwake? Vaapostora vakatiraira kuruchengeta here? Ko kuchengetwa kweIsita murairo wakapiwa naMwari here kana kuti igamuchidzanwa rakaitwa navanhu? Nomutoo uri nyore unogona kuwana mhinduro dzeiyi mibvunzo kupfurikidza nokunzvera manyuko maviri—nhau neBhaibheri.
Nhau Inotaura
Kutanga, nhau inotii? Achinyora muzana ramakore rechishanu N.V., wezvenhau Socrates Scholasticus akataura mune rake rinonzi Ecclesiastical History: “Kunoratidzika kwandiri kuti mutambo weIsita wakapinzwa muchechi uchibva mushandiswo yekare, kungofanana nedzimwe tsika zhinji dzakatangwa.”
Bhuku rinonzi Curiosities of Popular Customs rinotsanangura kuti wakanga uri muitiro we“Chechi kupa muKristu revo yakadaro yezvinoitika zvechihedheni zviripo sezvaisagona kudzurwa. Kana iri Isita kuchinja kwakanga kuri nyore zvikurukuru. Mufaro pakubuda kwezuva romusikirwo, uye pakumuka kwezvisikwa murufu rwomwaka wokutonhora, zvaifara pakubuda kweZuva rokururama, parumuko rwaKristu muguva. Kumwe kwokucherekedza kwechihedheni kwakaitika panenge pana May 1 kwakachinjawo kuti kuwirirane nokuchengetwa kweIsita. Mativi matsva mazhinji akawedzerwa.”
Mubhuku rake rinonzi Celebrations, Robert J. Myers anobvuma, achitaura kuti “mizhinji yemiitiro yokuberekwa patsva yechihedheni, inochengetwa pamusi unoenzana usiku namasikati womuchirimo, wakava rutivi rwomutambo.” Uku kutaura kunotsigirwa neThe New Encyclopædia Britannica, iyo inoti: “SapaKrisimisa, ndozvinoitikawo paIsita, tsika dzinodiwa dzinoratidzira zhinji dzekare dzechihedheni dzasara—mune ichi chinoitika, dzakabatanidzwa nemiitiro yoruzvaro yomuchirimo, yakadai sezviratidzo zvezai reIsita netsuro yeIsita kana kuti mbira.”
Ndeyamavambo Echihedheni Here?
Sezvinooneka, ipapoka, Isita sezvainochengetwa nhasi izerwe nemiitiro netsika zvechihedheni. Ikoku hakusati kuri kutaura, zvisinei, kuti kuchengetwa kweIsita hakuna wirirano nezvinoitika zveBhaibheri.
Somuenzaniso, Isita yave ichitaurwa nezvayo somutevedzeri wePaseka yechiJudha, chinoitika cheBhaibheri. Bhuku rinonzi Curiosities of Popular Customs rinotiudza kuti “muChechi yapakuvamba Isita yakanga yakafanana nomusi nePaseka, sezvo chaizvoizvo mitambo miviri yakafanana mumavambo ayo.” Hakusati kuchishamisa ipapo, kuti muchiverengero chakati kuti chemitauro, yakadai sechiFrench, chiGiriki, chiItaly, chiSpania, nemimwe, shoko nokuda kweIsita uye shoko nokuda kwePaseka akafanana kana kuti ndimamwe chetewo.
Zvisinei, maKristu apakuvamba haana kuita mutambo wegore negore kuti achengete chinjo yakaitwa kuti ive yechiKristu yePaseka yechiJudha. Abingdon Dictionary of Living Religions rinoti pamusoro peIsita: “Kuchengeta kwekare kwakanga kuri chaizvoizvo kwegore negore (14 Nisani, mukuwirirana nekarenda romwedzi womudenga rechiJudha) kwokuroverwa kwaJesu.”
Bhaibheri rinotiudza kuti pamadekwana apamberi porufu rwake, Jesu akasangana navadzidzi vake mukamuri guru kuti vachengete Paseka yechiJudha. (Marko 14:12-16) Pakanga pari pashure paiyoyi, Paseka yake yokupedzisira, apo Jesu akaita icho chinozivikanwa seChidyo chaShe Chamadekwana. Ipapo akaraira vadzidzi vake, kuti: “Rambai muchiita ikoku mukundirangarira.”—Ruka 22:19.
Ichi Chidyo chaShe Chamadekwana, icho chaizochengetwa kamwe chete pagore, chakanga chiri mukuyeukwa kworufu rwaJesu. Muapostora Pauro akataura pamusoro pouku kuchengeta kwegore negore, achiti: “Kazhinji sakamunodya ichi chingwa nokunwa uyu mukombe, munoramba muchiparidzira rufu rwaShe.”—1 VaKorinte 11:25, 26 NW.
Kushatsa Dzidziso yeBhaibheri
Mukuteerera uyu murairo wapaMagwaro, maKristu echokwadi aiita uku kuchengeta gore riri rose pana Nisani 14. Zvisinei, mukufambira mberi kwenguva, vanhu vakavambawo kuchengeta rumuko rwaJesu. The New Encyclopædia Britannica inotsanangura kuti “maKristu apakuvamba-vamba aichengeta Paseka yaShe panguva imwe cheteyo seyavaJudha, mukati mousiku hwe(paschal) Genaguru rokutanga romwedzi wokutanga wechirimo (Nisani 14-15). Pakuzosvika pakati pezana ramakore rechi 2, machechi mazhinji akanga achinjira uku kuchengeta kuSvondo pashure pomutambo wechiJudha.”
Bhuku rinonzi Seasonal Feasts and Festivals rinoti: “Sezvinooneka kwakanga kusati kuri kutozosvikira kunenge kumugumo wezana ramakore rechina muJerusarema apo Chishanu Chakanaka neZuva reIsita zvakachengetwa sokuchengeta kwakasiana.”
Nyanzvi dzokuziva dzinodavira kuti nokuda kworuvengo runokura pakati pamaKristu okuedzesera navaJudha, vamwe vatungamiriri vechiKristudhomu havana kuda kuti horidhe yavo inokosha zvikurusa iwirirane chaizvoizvo nomusi wehoridhe inokosha zvikurusa yechiJudha. Ichi chimiro chendangariro chakaparira chinjo. Mukufambira mberi kwenguva vazhinjisa vechiKristudhomu vakavamba kuchengeta rumuko rwaJesu paSvondo yokutanga pashure pegenaguru rinotevera musi wokuenzana kwousiku namasikati womuchirimo uye vakaita iwoyu kuchengeta kwavo kworudzidziso kunokosha zvikuru. Zvomenemene vakaderedzera kunzvimbo yakaderera kuchengetwa kworufu rwaJesu.
Mukuwirirana naaya manyuko, ipapoka, Isita yechiKristudhomu inobvuta chaizvoizvo kuchengetwa kwegore negore kworufu rwaJesu.
Bhaibheri Rinotaura
Bhaibheri rinotii pamusoro peIsita? Chokwadika, Magwaro anopa chipupuriro chakakwana cheidi rokuti Jesu akamutswa. Rumuko rwaKristu idzidziso yehwaro yechiKristu chechokwadi. Muapostora Pauro aisanodavira ikoku. Iye akati: “Kana Kristu asina kumutswa, kuparidzira kwedu zvamazvirokwazvo hakuna maturo, uye kutenda kwedu hakuna maturo. Kupfuurirazve, kana Kristu asina kumutswa, kutenda kwenyu hakubetseri; muchiri muzvivi zvenyu.”—1 VaKorinte 15:14, 17, NW.
Kunyanguvezvo, hapana apo Bhaibheri rinomboratidzira pakuchengetwa kwegore negore kworumuko rwaJesu. Wezvenhau Socrates Scholasticus akabvuma, kuti: “Muponesi navaapostora vake havana kutiraira kupfurikidza nomutemo kuti tichengete uyu mutambo: uyewo muTestamente Itsva hatityisidzirwi nechirango chipi nechipi, kana kuti kurangwa, kana kuti shurikidzo nokuda kwokuuregeredza.” Pamisi ichangobva kupfuura iyi magazini inonzi The Christian Century yakati munyaya inoreva nezveIsita: ‘MaKristu apakuvamba akavamba kuchengeta rumuko muzana rechipiri ramakore.’ Nokudaro, Isita yakapinzwa pashure zvikuru porufu rwavaapostora vose uye pashure pokunge Bhaibheri rapedzwa. Hakusiri chakavanzika kuti gamuchidzanwa reIsita rakaitwa nomunhu panzvimbo pokupiwa naMwari.
Zvisinei, vamwe vangabvunza, kuti: ‘Chii chakashata nokuyeuka rumuko rwaJesu?’ Chokwadi, Bhaibheri haridi kuti maKristu achengete Isita. Asika pane chinhu chipi nechipi muBhaibheri chinokurambidza here?
Kunamata Kwakachena Nokusina Kusvibiswa
Sezvinobvumwa, hapana kurambidza chaikoiko kuri muBhaibheri pamusoro pokuchengeta rumuko rwaJesu. Zvisinei, Bhaibheri rinonyevera chaizvo maKristu pamusoro pokushatisa kunamata kwakachena namagamuchidzanwa akaitwa navanhu. Ikoku kungashanda zvikurukuru, kugamuchidzanwa rakadai seIsita, iro rakabatanidzwa netsika dzechihedheni nemiitiro yekare yamarudzidziso enhema.
Musumo yebhuku rake ramapeji 123 pamusoro peIsita, Alan W. Watts akataura, kuti: “Nhau izere yeIsita muvhenganiswa wakaisvooma kunzwisiswa wenhau nengano—zvikuru zvokuti basa rakaoma rokutsauranisa pakati pezviviri harikwani chose chose munzvimbo yebhuku pfupi.” Izvi zvazvakadaro neIsita, Mwari angagamuchira kunamata kwedu kana kuchibatanidza muvhenganiswa wakadaro wetsika dzechihedheni here? Nyangwe. Mwari anogamuchira bedzi “chimiro chokunamata chakachena nechisina kusvipiswa.” Uye ikoku kunoreva “kuzvichengeta umene usina ruvara rwenyika,” uko kungabatanidza tsika dzenyika dzinobatanidzwa neIsita.—Jakobho 1:27.
Muapostora Pauro akanyevera maKristu pamusoro pokupinza magamuchidzanwa akaitwa navanhu muungano apo iye akati: “Chenjerai: zvimwe pangangova nomumwe munhu angakubvisai savanyajambwa vake kupfurikidza nouzivi nenyengedzo isina maturo mukuwirirana negamuchidzanwa ravanhu, mukuwirirana nezvinhu zvapakuvamba zvenyika uye zvisati zvichiwirirana naKristu.”—VaKorose 2:8, NW.
Jesu amene akashora magamuchidzanwa echiJudha aimonyanisa zvokwadi yapaMagwaro uye kushatisa kunamata kwechokwadi. Pana Marko 7:6-8 (NW), mashoko aJesu kuvatungamiriri vorudzidziso vezuva rake akanyorwa: “Isaya akaporofita nomutoo wakakodzera pamusoro penyu vanyengeri, sezvakwakanyorwa kuti, ‘Vanhu ava vanondikudza nemiromo yavo, asi mwoyo yavo iri kure yakabvisirwa kure neni. Kuri kusina maturo kuti vanoramba vachindinamata, nokuti vanodzidzisa sedzidziso mirairo yavanhu.’ Muchirega murairo waMwari, munobatisisa gamuchidzanwa ravanhu.”
Pana 2 VaKorinte 6:14-17 (NW), Bhaibheri rinotinyevera, kuti: “Musasungwa zvisina kufanira pajoko navasingatendi. Nokuti kururama kune ushamwari hwei nokusateerera mutemo? Kana kuti chiedza chinokugoveranai nerima? Kupfuurirazve, iwiriranoi iripo pakati paKristu naBheriari? Kana kuti munhu ane kutenda ane mugovei naasingatendi? . . . ‘Naizvozvo ibvai pakati pavo, uye zviparadzanisei mumene,’ anodaro Jehovha, ‘uye musabata chinhu chine tsvina.’”
Kuchengetwa Kwegore Negore Kworufu Rwake
Mukuwedzera, mukuwirirana nedzidziso yeBhaibheri, gadziriro nokuda kworuponeso rwedu inobatanidza chibairo chaJesu choupenyu hwake hwakakwana, rumuko rwake, uye kupa kwake ukoshi hwechibairo chake kuna Mwari mudenga. Zvinhu zvose izvozvi zvinokosha. (VaHebheru 7:25; 9:11-14) Jesu akaraira vateveri vake kuchengeta kuchengetwa kwegore negore kworufu rwake. Ndicho chinoitika bedzi chakarairwa muMagwaro kuva chinoyeukwa namaKristu.
Gore rino mamirioni eZvapupu zvaJehovha achaungana pashure pokunyura kwezuva, April 17, (Nisani 14), 1992, kuti ayeuke rufu rwaJesu. Kuchengeta kuchabatanidza hurukuro inotsanangura revo yorufu rwechibairo rwaKristu. Kuchakubetsera kunzwisisa ukuru hworudo rwaJehovha Mwari nokuda kworudzi rwomunhu mukugovera Mwanakomana wake akaberekwa ari mumwe bedzi kuti ugone kufarikanya kariro youpenyu husingaperi. Sangana nesu pazuva rinokosha zvikurusa ra 1992!
[Mashoko okukwezva vaverengi ari papeji 6]
Kuchengeta kwechihedheni kwakachinja kuti kuwirirane nokuchengetwa kweIsita
[Mashoko okukwezva vaverengi ari papeji 8]
Hapana apo Bhaibheri rinomboratidzira pakuchengetwa kwegore negore kana kuti kuchengeta rumuko rwaJesu
[Bhokisi riri papeji 6]
Chii Chiri Mavambo eShoko Rokuti “Isita”?
▪ “Zita, rinoshandiswa bedzi pakati pavanhu vanotaura chiNgezi nechiGermany, rinotorwa, mukubvira kwose, mune rero ramwarikadzi wavaSaxon, Ostara, Osterr, kana kuti Eastre vechihedheni. Iye akanga ari mabvazuva anotaurwa somunhu wokuMabvazuva, wamangwanani, wechirimo.”—Curiosities of Popular Customs, rakanyorwa naWilliam S. Walsh.
▪ “Tinoudzwa nomunyori wenhau wekare wechiNgezi, Bede Anoremekedzeka, kuti shoko rokuti ‘Isita’ pakuvamba rakanga riri zita ramwarikadzi wavaAnglo-Saxon wamambakwedza, anozivikanwa saEostre kana kuti Ostara, ane mutambo wake mukuru waichengetwa pamusi wokuenzana kwousiku namasikati womuchirimo. Tinongova bedzi neshoko raBede nokuda kwawo, nokuti hakuna chinyorwa chamwarikadzi akadaro chinowanwa kunzvimbo iri yose, asi hakubviri kuti Bede, somuKristu anoshingaira aizoita mavambo echihedheni nokuda kweIsita. Asi kana kwaimbova namwarikadzi akadaro kana kuti kwete, kunoratidzika kuti sezvinobvira zvikuru batano yakafanana yenhau inofanira kuva iriko pakati pamashoko okuti ‘Easter’ uye ‘East’, uko zuva rinobuda.”—Easter—Its Story and Meaning, rakanyorwa naAlan W. Watts.
▪ “Mavambo eshoko nokuda kwomutambo woRumuko rwaKristu ave achirangarirwa nomutoo wakakurumbira kuve akabva kuAnglo-Saxon Eastre, mwarikadzi wechirimo. Zvisinei, fundo dzazvino uno dzakaitwa naKnobloch . . . dzinopa imwe tsananguro.”—New Catholic Encyclopedia.
▪ “Zita rechiNgezi Easter, kufanana nerechiGerman rokuti Ostern, zvimwe rinobva muEostur, shoko reNorse nokuda kwomwaka wechirimo, uye kwete muEostre, zita ramwarikadzi weAnglo-Saxon.”—The Encyclopedia of Religion.
[Chati iri papeji 8]
ISITA PASEKA
ChiDanish påske påske
ChiDutch Pasen joods paasfeest
ChiFinnish pääsiäinen pääsiäinen (juutalaisten)
ChiFrench Pâques La Pâque
ChiGermany Ostern Passah
ChiGiriki Paskha Paskha
ChiItaly Pasqua Pasqua ebraica
ChiSpania Pascuaflorida Pascua
Swahili Pasaka Pasaka
[Mufananidzo uri papeji 7]
Miitiro yekare yamavambo echihedheni yakapiwa revo yechiKristu uye yakawedzerwa kumitambo yeIsita
[Mufananidzo uri papeji 9]
Jesu akaita Chidyo chaShe Chamadekwana navadzidzi vake