Nzira Dzokurapa Dzingaitwa Pane Dzakajairika—Nei Vakawanda Vachidzishandisa

KURAPA kungaitwa pane kwakajairika, kana kuti kwokuwedzera, kunosanganisira nzira dzakawanda mune zvokuporesa uye zvokurapa. Zhinji dzinozivikanwa senaturopathy, iri tsika yokurapa inonyanya kushandisa zvinhu zvakasikwa uye kubvumira muviri kuzvirapa pachawo. Dzakati kuti dzenzira idzi dzokurapa dzakashandiswa nevakawanda kwemazana emakore, dzakasiyiwa kare kana kuti hadzichashandiswi pakurapa kwemazuva ano.

Somuenzaniso, Journal of the American Medical Association yaAugust 27, 1960, yakati kuisa mvura inotonhora panenge patsva “kwaizivikanwa nevanhu vekare asi kunenge kwakarega kushandiswa navanachiremba nevanhuwo zvavo. Kunyange zvazvo mabhuku akasiyana-siyana achirumbidza nzira iyi yokurapa, hainyanyi kushandiswa mazuva ano. Chokwadi, vanachiremba vakawanda vanoti ‘hapana ari kuzviita,’ kunyange zvazvo pasina anonyatsoziva kuti nei.”

Zvisinei, mumakumi emakore achangopfuura, kuiswa kwemvura inotonhora kana kuti machira anotonhora panenge patsva zvava kukurudzirwazve navanachiremba. The Journal of Trauma, yaSeptember 1963, yakati: “Kufarira kushandisa mvura inotonhora mukurapa kwokutanga kwepanenge patsva kwakavambazve kubva pazvakashumwa naOfeigsson naSchulman muna 1959 na1960. Tave tiri kurapa varwere kwegore rapfuura tichishandisa nzira iyi; uye zvatakawana zvinokurudzira.”

Kurapa nemvura inotonhora hakuna njodzi yakanyanya, uye zvechokwadi kunozorodza. Kurapa nemvura, kunoshandisa mvura munzira dzakasiyana-siyana kurapa zvirwere, kunoshandiswa pakurapa kungaitwa pane kwakajairika, uye zvino kurapa kwakadaro kwakasiyana-siyana kwava kubvumwawo pakurapa kwemazuva ano.a

Saizvozvowo, varapi vanoshandisa dzimwe nzira dzokurapa pane dzakajairika vanowanzoshandisa miti kurapa hosha. Izvi zvave zvichiitwa kwemazana—kunyange zviuru—zvemakore mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzepasi. Somuenzaniso, muIndia miti ndiyo yagara ichishandiswa sekurapa. Nhasi, kunenge kwose kwose kurapa kwemimwe miti kunozivikanwa nenyanzvi dzakawanda dzezvoutano.

Chakaitika Chinokosha

Anenge makore zana apfuura, Richard Willstätter, uyo akazodzidza biochemistry yemiti, akakurudzirwa nezvakaitika kushamwari yake duku yainzi Sepp Schwab, yaiva nemakore gumi. Sepp aiva negumbo rakanga rine utachiona hwakaipa kwazvo uye chiremba akataura kuti raifanira kugurwa kuti arambe ari mupenyu, asi vabereki vaSepp vakati zvizoitwa mangwanani aitevera acho. Munguva iyi, vakatsvaka mufudzi akanga ane mukurumbira wokushandisa miti pakurapa. Mufudzi wacho akaunganidza miti yakati kuti, akaicheka-cheka kusvika yava kuita kunge sipinachi yakabikwa, ndokuisa izvi pachironda chacho.

Pakazosvika mangwanani chironda chacho chakanga chava nani, uye kuvhiya kwakamiswazve. Kurapa kwacho kwakapfuurira, uye pashure penguva yakati, ronda racho rakapora. Willstätter akaenderera mberi nokunodzidza kemisitiri paYunivhesiti yeMunich muGermany uye gare gare akahwina mubayiro weNobel maererano nezvaakanga awana mukudzidza kwake nezvoruvara rwemiti, kunyanya ruvara rwegirini. Zvinokosha kuti iye zvino 25 muzana yokurapa inotengeswa muzvitoro inobva mumakemikari anotorwa mumiti.

Kudiwa Kwokuva Nomwero

Asi, zvinofanira kuzivikanwa kuti kana toreva nezvokurapa, zvinonyatsoshanda kune mumwe zvingasanyanya kushanda kune mumwe. Kushanda kwokurapa kupi nokupi kunotsamira pazvinhu zvakawanda, kusanganisira rudzi rwehosha uye kuti yakomba sei noutano hwomurwere wacho. Kunyange nguva chaiyo ingakoshawo.

Nzira dzingaitwa dzinowanzoshanda zvishoma nezvishoma pane dzakajairika, saka hosha ingadai yakabviswa nokukurumidza dai yakaonekwa ndokurapwa pakutanga chaipo ingakura kusvika pokuti mishonga ine simba—kunyange kuvhiya—zvinodiwa kuti munhu ararame. Saka kungasava kuchenjera kuomerera kunzira imwe chete yokurapa sokunge kuti ndiyo chete iripo pakupedza chinetso choutano.

Kurapa kungaitwa pane kwakajairika kunosiyana nokurapa kwomuchipatara pamarapire akunoitwa. Kazhinji kacho maporesere akunoita ane chokuita nokudzivirira, uye kunonyanya kunanga mararamire omunhu nekwaanogara uye kuti izvi zvine chokuita sei noutano hwake. Nemamwe mashoko, vanorapa vachishandisa nzira dzingaitwa pane dzakajairika kakawanda vanotarisa munhu wacho wose pane kutarisa nhengo inenge ine chinetso kana kuti hosha.

Pasina mubvunzo chinoita kuti kurapa kungaitwa pane kwakajairika kudiwe zvikuru ipfungwa yokuti kunoshandisa zvinhu zvagara zviripo uye nzira dzakwo dzokurapa dziri nani uye hadzina ngozi yakanyanya pane dzinoshandiswa pakurapa kwomuchipatara. Saka, nemhaka yokunyanyofarira kuwana kurapa kusina ngozi uye kunoshanda, mienzaniso mishoma yokurapa kungaitwa pane kwakajairika ichapiwa munyaya inotevera.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]