Mhuri Dzine Mubereki Ari Oga Dziri Kuwedzera
Usiku hwakawanda ndinonyengetera kuna Mwari ndichichema kwaari ndichiti: “Handizivi zvokuita mangwana.’”—GLORIA, AMAI VASINA MURUME VANE VANA VATATU.
MHURI dzine mubereki ari oga dzadzika midzi uye dzawanda munzanga zhinji nhasi.a Sezvo zvinofanira kuita mhuri chaizvo zvokuti pave nomurume, mudzimai, nevana zviri kupera pachisara pave nemamwe marudzi emhuri, vanodzidza nezvokuwanda kwevanhu nenyanzvi dzezvemagariro evanhu munyika dzakawanda vari kutadza kunzwisisa kuti nei zviri kudaro.
Vanapurofesa vanodzidza nezvemagariro evanhu Simon Duncan naRosalind Edwards vanoti “kuchinja kucharamba kuripo kuri kuitika mumamiriro emhuri uye muukama hwevarume nevakadzi.” Nei? Vamwe vacherechedzi vanotaura kuti izvi zvinoitika nokuda kwezvisarudzo zvevanhu maererano nokurarama kwavo mumamiriro ezvinhu okuchinja kwezvoupfumi, zvetsika, uye zvemagariro.
Ngatione kumwe kuchinja kwacho, pamwe nezvisarudzo zviri kuitwa. Zvinetso zvoupenyu ndizvo zvinhu zvikuru zviri kuchinja upenyu hwevanhu. Zvinoitika kunze kwomusha zvinokanganisa vanhu muswere wezuva. Nguva yaimboitwa mabasa emhuri zvino yava kupedzerwa paIndaneti, paTV, pafoni, mumotokari, uye pakufamba-famba.
Zvinetso zvoupfumi zvinounzawo matambudziko. Midziyo yamazuva ano inoda mari yakawanda, saka vabereki vakawanda vari kushanda. Kurarama munyika ine vanhu vanoda kuchinja-chinja mabasa kwakaita kuti vanhu vomumhuri dzakawanda vagare uye vashande kure nemhuri dzavo dzinogona kuvabatsira uye mune zvimwe zviitiko kunyange kure nevavakaroorana navo. Munyika dzakawanda, zvinhu zvinovaraidza zviri kutoomesa zvinhu, sezvo kakawanda zvichiparadza zvisungo zvinodzikamisa vanhu, zvakadai somuchato nemhuri.b
Amai Vasina Murume Vanhasi
Vanaamai vasina varume vanhasi havana kufanana nevechiduku vaya vasina kuchata vomunyika dzakabudirira vanorarama nemari dzehurumende. Kuva amai vasina kuroorwa hakuchashorwi zvakwaiitwa kare uye kunotoitwa kuti kukurumbire nevanhu vanonzi ndivo mienzaniso yokutevedzera. Uyewo, vakadzi vakawanda vakadzidza zvakanaka uye vanokwanisa kuzviraramisa—saka kuroorwa hakuchisiri chinhu chokuti amai vakwanise kuwana mari.
Vamwe vanaamai vasina varume, kunyanya vana vakura vevabereki vakarambana, vanoramba vari voga nokuti havadi kuti vana vavo varwadziwe nokuona mubereki wavo achivasiya. Vamwe vakadzi vanova vanaamai vasina varume nokuti vanenge vatizwa, kwete kuti vanenge vazvida. “Kuva mubereki ari oga hachisi chisarudzo choudyire chokuzvidira,” inodaro Joseph Rowntree Foundation yokuBritain, “uye hazvirevi kuti vana vari mumhuri dzine mubereki ari oga vanoregeredzwa kana kuti havana kurayirwa.”
Kunyange zvakadaro, kuwanda kwemhuri dzine mubereki ari oga inhau yokunetseka nezvayo nokuti vabereki vari voga nevana vavo vanogona kutambura mupfungwa, kushaya mari, uye vanoshaya zvakawanda munzanga yavanogara. Vamwe vanhu vanotadza kuziva kuti zvinogoneka here kuti mubereki ari oga abudirire kurera vana. Ndezvipi zvimwe zvinetso chaizvo zviri kutarisana nemhuri dzine mubereki ari oga? MuKristu angabudirira sei kuita basa rakaoma rokurera vana somubereki ari oga?
[Mashoko Omuzasi]
a Nyanzvi dzezvemagariro evanhu dzinotaura kuti nhamba yavanaamai vasina varume ‘yakawandisa kudarika yavanababa vasina madzimai.’ Saka, nyaya idzi dzinonyanya kutaura nezvevanaamai vasina varume. Zvisinei, zvichakurukurwa zvinongoshanda zvakafanana kuna vanababa vasina madzimai.
b Nokuda kwokukurukurwa kwakadzama nezvezvinhu zvinowanzonetsera kuva amai, ona nyaya inoti “Kuva Amai—Unofanira Kuva Nyanzvi Chaiyo Here?” iri mumagazini yeMukai! yaApril 8, 2002.
[Bhokisi riri papeji 4]
Kutsanangura Mashoko
Mashoko akasiyana-siyana anoshandiswa kupota pasi pose kutsanangura vanaamai vanorera vana vari voga. Mune dzimwe nyika, “amai vasina murume” zvinoreva amai vasina kumboroorwa, nepo mune dzimwe nyika kuti “amai vari voga” zvinobatanidza vanaamai vose vari kurera vana pasina murume pamusha wavo. Vanaamai vakadaro vangadai vakarambana nevarume vavo, vakaparadzana, kana kuti vakafirwa, kana kuti vangadai vasina kumboroorwa.
Munyaya dzino dzakatevedzana, tinoshandisa mashoko okuti “mubereki ari oga” uye “amai vasina murume” kureva vabereki vanorera vana vasina mumwe wavo.
[Bhokisi/Mepu iri papeji 4, 5]
VABEREKI VARI VOGA—VAVA KUWANIKA MUNYIKA ZHINJI
United States: “Nhamba yavanaamai vasina varume yakawedzera pakati pa1970 na2000, kubva pamamiriyoni matatu kusvika pamamiriyoni gumi; panguva yakafanana, nhamba yavanababa vasina vadzimai yakawedzerawo, kubva pa393 000 kusvika pamamiriyoni maviri.”—U.S. Census Bureau.
Mexico: Maererano nepepanhau rinonzi La Jornada, vanaamai vachiri kuyaruka ndivo vanosvika zvikamu 27 kubva muzana zvevanhu vose vanoita pamuviri munyika iyoyo.
Ireland: Kuvapo kwemhuri dzine mubereki ari oga kwakawedzera kubva pa5,7 kubva muzana muna 1981 kusvika pa7,9 kubva muzana muna 1991. “Kuparara kwemichato ndiko kunonyanya kukonzera kuvapo kwavanaamai vasina varume.”—Single Mothers in an International Context, 1997.
Britain: “Kuwanda kwemhuri dzinotungamirirwa nomubereki ari oga kwakapfuura zvikamu 25 kubva muzana kokutanga, zvichiratidza kukura kukuru kwenhamba yavanaamai vasina kumboroorwa uye kuwedzera kunooneka mumwero wokurambana mumakore 30 akapfuura.”—The Times, London, March 2, 2000.
France: “Kubvira mukupera kwema1970, kuwanda kwemhuri dzine mubereki ari oga kwakawedzera neinopfuura 50 kubva muzana.”—Single Mothers in an International Context, 1997.
Germany: “Nhamba yevabereki vari voga yakapetwa kaviri mumakore 20 adarika. Dzinoda kuva mhuri dzose dzine mubereki ari oga . . . dzinotungamirirwa naamai.”—Single Mothers in an International Context, 1997.
Greece: “Kubvira muna 1980, nhamba yavanaamai vasina muchato mu[Greece] yakawedzera nezvikamu 29,8 kubva muzana. Uye maererano nemashoko akapiwa neEuropean Union, muna 1997 vana vaiberekwa nevanhu vasina kuchata vakanga vari zvikamu 3,3 kubva muzana, nepo muna 1980 zvakanga zviri 1,1 kubva muzana chete.”—Pepanhau rokuAthens rinonzi Ta Nea, raSeptember 4, 1998.
Japan: ‘Mhuri dzina amai vari voga dzave dzichiwedzera kutangira kuma1970.’ Muna 1997, zvikamu 17 kubva muzana zvedzimba dzose zvaitungamirirwa navanaamai vasina varume.—Single Mothers in an International Context, 1997; The World’s Women 2000: Trends and Statistics.
Australia: Anenge mwana mumwe pavana vana voga voga anorarama nomubereki wake chaiye mumwe. Izvi kakawanda zvinokonzerwa nokuparara kwemichato yevabereki kana kuti kufambidzana kwavo. Zvakafungidzirwa kuti mhuri dzine mubereki mumwe dzichawedzera kubva pazvikamu 30 kubva muzana kusvika kuzvikamu 66 kubva muzana mumakore 25.—Australian Bureau of Statistics.