Shandisa Kutenda Nokuda Kwoupenyu Husingaperi
“Rune kutenda kunotungamirira kukuponeswa kwomweya.”—VAHEBHERU 10:39, “NW.”
1. Chii icho enisaikoropidhia yeKaturike inobvuma pamusoro pokushandisa kweBhaibheri shoko rokuti “mweya”?
HAPANA nzvimbo apo Bhaibheri rinotaura kuti vanhu vane mweya usingafi uyo unopukunyuka muviri parufu uye unopfuurira kurarama nokusingaperi munzvimbo yemidzimu. Kunyange New Catholic Encyclopedia inobvuma, kuti: “Pfungwa yomweya unopfuurira kurarama pashure porufu hainzwisisiki nyore nyore muBhaibheri. . . . Mweya muT[estamende] yeK[are] unoreva kwete rutivi rwomunhu, asi munhu wose—munhu somupenyu. Nenzira yakafanana, muT[estamende] I[tsva] unoratidzira upenyu hwohunhu: upenyu hwomunhu.” Naizvozvo vanhu havana mweya, ivo ndivo mweya.
2. (a) Chitendero chomweya usingafi chakatangira kupi? (b) Chii chiri zvokwadi pamusoro pomugariro womunhu pashure porufu?
2 Sokuonesa kwakaita nyaya yakapfuura, chitendero chomweya usingafi murangariro wechihedheni uyo unogona kurondwa kudzokera kusvikira kunguva dzapakuvamba dzenhau. Muvambi wawo ndiye uyo akapokanidza ziviso yaMwari yakajeka yokuti munhu aizo“fa zvirokwazvo” nokuda kwokusateerera. (Genesi 2:7) Akanga ari mushori, Satani Dhiabhorosi, uyo akati: “Hamungafi zvirokwazvo.” (Genesi 3:4) Uye iyoyo yakanga iri nhema. (Johane 8:44) Gare gare, Satani akasimudzira dzidziso yokusafa kwomweya womunhu. Asi zvokwadi pamusoro pomugariro womunhu pashure porufu iri sezvayakanyorwa muShoko rakafuridzirwa raMwari pana Muparidzi 9:5, kuti: “Vakafa havana chavanoziva.”—Onawo VaRoma 5:12.
Tariro Youpenyu Husingaperi
3. Bhaibheri rine zvizhinji zvokutaura pamusoro petariroi?
3 Nepo Bhaibheri richiratidza nenzira yakajeka kuti hakuna chinhu chakadai somweya usingafi, rine zvizhinji zvokutaura pamusoro poupenyu husingaperi. Tariro youpenyu husingagumi yakanga iri dzidziso huru yaJesu. Iye akati: “Upenyu husingaperi ndihwo, kuti vakuzivei imi, Mwari uri woga wazvokwadi, naJesu Kristu, wamakatuma.” (Johane 17:3) Pamusoro paavo vanoshandisa kutenda muna Mwari naKristu, Jesu akataura, kuti: “Ndinoapa upenyu husingaperi.” (Johane 10:28) Nechivimbo chakazara, iye akati: “Unotenda uno upenyu husingaperi . . . uchararama nokusingaperi.” (Johane 6:47, 51) Uye iye akazivisawo, kuti: “Nokuti Mwari wakada nyika nokudaro, kuti wakapa Mwanakomana wake wakaberekwa mumwe woga, kuti ani naani unotenda kwaari, arege kufa, asi ave noupenyu husingaperi.”—Johane 3:16.
4. Jesu akataurei pamusoro petariro yomunguva yemberi?
4 Sezvo kusina mweya usingafi unopukunyuka rufu, chipikirwa cheBhaibheri choupenyu husingaperi chichazadzikwa sei? Jesu akapa mashoko akawanda pamusoro paikoku apo akashanyira Marta naMaria pashure pokunge hanzvadzi yavo Razaro yafa. Iye akati kuna Marta: “Ndini kumuka noupenyu. Unotenda kwandiri kunyange akafa, uchararamazve.” Akabvunza Marta, kuti: “Unotenda izvozvo here?” Iye akapindura, kuti: “Hungu, Ishe, ndakatenda kuti ndimi Kristu, Mwanakomana waMwari.”—Johane 11:25-27.
5, 6. Kumutsira kwaJesu Razaro kuupenyu kwakaratidzirei?
5 Kuratidzira kuti iye, soMwanakomana waMwari, akapiwa simba rokumutsa vakafa kuti vadzokere kuupenyu, Jesu akaenda kuguva raRazaro. Razaro akanga ave afa kwamazuva mana, uye muviri wake wakanga watanga kuora. Kunyanguvezvo, “[Jesu] akadanidzira nenzwi guru, kuti: ‘Razaro, buda!’ Wakanga afa akabuda akapombwa nomucheka. Jesu akati kwavari: ‘Mumusunungurei aende.’” (Johane 11:43, 44) Razaro akafa akanga adzorerwa kuupenyu!
6 Razaro haana kudzorerwa achibva kudenga kana kuti nzvimbo ipi neipi zvayo munzvimbo yemidzimu. Iye akanga asina kuenda kunzvimbo yemidzimu apo akafa asi akanga ave asingazivi muguva, muna vose vakafa. (Pisarema 146:4; Johane 3:13; Mabasa 2:34) Kwaisazova kune mufungo kufunga kuti mweya usingafi waRazaro wakanga uchifarikanya mufaro wokudenga uye ipapo mweya iwoyo wakatorwa kudenga kuti ubatanidzwezve nomuviri wake usina kukwana pasi pano kuti araramezve munyika yakazadzwa nokutambura, chirwere, uye rufu. Asi sezvo akanga asiri mudenga, kudzorerwa kwake kuupenyu kwakafarirwa, nokuti kwakareva makore akawedzerwa okuvapo kwake nokubatanidzwazve navadiwa vake. Gare gare, aizofazve.
7, 8. (a) Jesu akamutsa vakafa padzimwe nhamboi? (b) Nei Jesu akaita manenji iwayo okudzorera vanhu kuupenyu?
7 Apo Jesu akamutsa musikana muduku uyo akanga ave akafa, vabereki vake vaka“shamiswa nokushama kukuru.” (Marko 5:42) Bva, musikana iyeyowo pakupedzisira akafa zvakare. Apo Jesu akamutsa mwanakomana akafa wechirikadzi yeNaini, “vakabatwa vose nokutya, vakarumbidza Mwari.” (Ruka 7:16) Asi murume iyeyo pakupedzisira akafawo. Pamusoro pamanenji iwaya, The New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology inozivisa, kuti: “Avo vakamutswa naKristu muushumiri hwake hwapasi vaifanira kufa, sezvo uku kumutsa kusina kupa kusafa.”
8 Nei Jesu akamutsa ivava muvakafa? Kwete kupa upenyu husingaperi panguva iyoyo, asi kuratidzira kuti iye akanga ari Mesia uye kuratidza kuti Mwari akanga amupa simba rokudaro. Kwakavaka kutenda mutariro yorumuko noupenyu husingagumi mukutonga kwomunguva yemberi kwoUmambo hwaMwari hwokudenga musimba raKristu.—Mateo 6:9, 10; Johane 11:41, 42.
9. Marta naPauro vakanzwisisa sei nenzira yakarurama dzidziso yaJesu pamusoro petariro yorumuko?
9 Marta aiziva pamusoro petariro iyoyo kubva musonganiro yake naJesu, nokuti akanga achangobva kutaura kwaari pamusoro paRazaro, kuti: “Ndinoziva kuti uchamukazve pakumuka nezuva rokupedzisira.” (Johane 11:24) Aiziva kuti rumuko rwaizovapo, kwete pazuva rake rokupedzisira (raRazaro), asi munguva yemberi, “pazuva rokupedzisira”—Zuva roRutongeso, apo vakafa vaizomutswa mukutonga kwoUmambo hwaMwari. Muapostora Pauro aizivawo ikoku, nokuti akati: “[Mwari] wakatara zuva raachatonga nyika naro nokururama.” (Mabasa 17:31) Pauro akatiwo: “Kuchavapo kumuka kwavakafa kwavakarurama navasakarurama.” (Mabasa 24:15) Haana kutaura kuti rumuko rwakanga rwuchitoitika asi kuti “rwaizovapo” munguva yemberi—mukutonga kwoUmambo.
10. Kutsinhirai kunoita purofesa weFrance pazvitendero zvechiKristudhomu pamusoro porumuko sezvakunoenzaniswa nedzidziso yakajeka yeBhaibheri?
10 Mubhuku rinonzi Immortality of the Soul or Resurrection of the Dead? purofesa wePurotesitendi weFrance Oscar Cullmann anonyora, kuti: “Pane musiano mukuru pakati pekariro yechiKristu yorumuko rwavakafa nechitendero chechiGiriki mukusafa kwomweya. . . .Kunyange zvazvo chiKristu gare gare chakatanga batano pakati pezvitendero izvi zviviri, uye nhasi muKristuwo zvake achivhiringidza chose chose, handioni chikonzero chokuvanza icho ini navoruzhinji venyanzvi vanorangarira kuva zvokwadi. . . . Upenyu nomufungo weTestamende Itsva zvinodzorwa chose chose nokutenda murumuko. . . . Munhu wose, uyo akafa chaizvoizvo, anodzorerwa kuupenyu kupfurikidza nechiito chitsva chokusika chaMwari.”
Rumuko—Rwokupiko?
11, 12. (a) Nderipi riri donzo raMwari nokuda kwavanhu uye pasi rino? (b) Jesu akaratidzira sei kuti donzo raMwari nokuda kwapasi harina kuchinja?
11 Apo Mwari akasika vanhu, akavapa pasi somusha wavo nokusingagumi ndokuronga kuzadza nyika ino norudzi rwakarurama rwavanhu. (Genesi 1:26-28; Pisarema 115:16) Bhaibheri rinotaura nezvaJehovha so“Muumbi wapasi nomuiti waro, uyo akarisimbisa, akasarisika kuti rive dongo, asi wakariumba kuti rigarwe.”—Isaya 45:18.
12 Pasinei, zvapo nezviuru zvamakore okusakwana norufu kubvira pakupanduka kwomunhu, richiri donzo raMwari rokuti pasi rive musha usingagumi womunhu: “Vakarurama vachagara nhaka yenyika, vachagaramo nokusingaperi.” (Pisarema 37:29) “Vakaropafadzwa vanyoro, nokuti vachagara nhaka yenyika,” (Mateo 5:5) Nokudaro, apo Jesu akadzorera vakafa kuupenyu, akavamutsira pano pasi chaipo pano, uye nokukurumidza vakazivikanwa navamwe somunhu uyo akanga ave akafa. Ikoku kwakasimbisa kuti mukutonga kwoUmambo vakafa vachadzorerwa kuupenyu pasi pano kuti vave nebanza rokurarama nokusingaperi pariri. (Zvakazarurwa 20:12, 13) Ikoko kuchazadzika donzo raMwari nokuda kwavanhu uye nokuda kwapasi.—Isaya 46:9-11; 55:11; Tito 1:1, 2.
13. Chinetsoi chinonangana namachechi echiKristudhomu, uye vanoedza sei kuchipedza?
13 Zvisinei, sezvo machechi echiKristudhomu achidavira mukusafa kwomweya, ikoku kunovapa chinetso: Vanogona sei kuwiriranisa rumuko rwo“munhu wose,” sezvakaratidzirwa naJesu, nechitendero chavo mumweya usingafi unotovapo mudenga kana kuti muhero? The Catholic Encyclopedia inoti: “Fourth Lateran Council inodzidzisa kuti vanhu vose, vangava vakasarudzwa kana kuti vakaipa, ‘vachamukazve nemiviri yavo vamene iyo zvino vanofamba-famba nayo. Inowedzera, kuti: “Sezvo muviri uri mukutsirani wemhaka dzomweya, uye shamwari yetsika dzawo dzakanaka, ruramisiro yaMwari inoratidzika kuva inoraira kuti muviri uve mugoverani muchirango chomweya netuso.” Mukuwirirana nechitendero ichochi, muviri uchabatanidzwazve nemweya mudenga kana kuti muhero. Kwenguva yakareba sei? “Miviri inomutswa yavose vari vaviri vatsvene navatadzi ichapiwa kusafa,” anodaro manyuko iwayo.
14. Munyori weJesuit anoedza sei kujekesa murangariro wechiKristudhomu worumuko rwomuviri?
14 Mubhuku rinonzi The Future Life, rakanyorwa naJ. C. Sasia muJesuit, tinorava, kuti: “Upenyu hwokudenga nokudaro huchava hwemifarwawo kupfurikidza nemifungo yakapiwa mbiri [yomuviri unobatanidzwa nomweya].” Pamusoro pemiviri inobatanidzwazve nemweya yayo muhero, manyuko iwayo anoti: “Muhero, pashure porumuko [rwomuviri], pfungwa iri yose yomuviri womunhu ichava nechirango chayo imene chaicho . . . Pfungwa yokunzwa kana kuti yokubata ichatambudzwa zvikuru, nemhaka yokuti kuri zvikurukuru kupfurikidza nezvivi zvenyama kuti vakaipa vakagumbura Mwari. . . . Songaniro yavo nemiviri yavo ichava kwavari chisakiso chokutambudzika kwakawedzerwa nenhamo.”
15. Nei kwakashata kudzidzisa kuti Mwari anotambudza vanhu muhero nokusingaperi?
15 Nokudaro, kugamuchira murangariro wechihedheni wokusafa kwomweya kwakazarurira nzira chiKristudhomu kuti chigamuchirewo murangariro wechihedheni wokutambudzwa kunorwadza zvikuru kwomweya—uye kunyange miviri—muhero nokusingaperi. Bva, pamusoro pomuitiro wekare wokupisa vana sezvibairo kuna vanamwari venhema, Jehovha akataura, kuti: “Ivo . . . vanopisa vanakomana vavo mumwoto sezvipiriso zvinopisirwa Bhaari, chimwe chinhu chandakanga ndisina kuraira kana kuti kutaura uye nezvacho icho chakanga chisina kupinda mumwoyo.” (Jeremia 19:5, NW) Naizvozvo kwakaipa kudzidzisa kuti Mwari anotambudza vanhu nokusingagumi, apo Shoko rake amene rinoratidza zvakajeka kuti vaiti vezvakaipa vasingapfidzi vachaparadzwa, havasati vachizovapo. “Mweya upi noupi usati uchiteerera muporofita iyeyo [Jesu] uchaparadzwa chose chose.”—Mabasa 3:23, NW; onawo Mateo 10:28; Ruka 17:27; Johane 3:16; 2 Petro 2:12; Judhasi 5.
Kusafa
16. Chii icho Bhaibheri rinodzidzisa pamusoro pokusafa?
16 Zvisinei, Bhaibheri haridzidzisi here kuti vanhu vaizoendeswa kudenga kundorarama upenyu hwokusafa ikoko? Hungu, rinodaro. Asika ikoku hakuna chokuita nemweya isingafi yavanhu. Kusafa kunobva mukumutswa kwomunhu sechisiko chomudzimu (sezvakaitwa Jesu) ndizvo kwete mukuva kwake nomweya usingafi wakapukunyuka rufu. Tuso yomunguva yemberi yokusafa yakapiwa vamwe vanhu vakatendeka, vakafanana naKristu uye yaifanira kuwanwa bedzi apo Kristu akapinda musimba roUmambo mudenga, kusati kuri nokukurumidza pashure pokukwira kwaKristu kudenga muzana ramakore rokutanga.—Pisarema 110:1; 1 VaKorinte 15:53, 54.
17. Vangani vachawana kusafa, uye rutivii rwavanoita mudonzo raMwari nokuda kwapasi?
17 Kupfuurirazve, tariro iyoyo yakapiwa kuvashomanene zvikuru vemhuri yomunhu. Jesu akadana ivava kuti “boka duku.” (Ruka 12:32, NW) Iri boka, 144 000 muchiverengero, rinomutsirwa kuupenyu hwokudenga sezvisikwa zvomudzimu zvisingafi kuti vatonge pamusoro papasi naKristu muUmambo hwake hwokudenga. (2 Petro 3:13; Zvakazarurwa 7:4; 14:1, 4; 20:4) Pasi ravanotonga pariri richagarwa, pashure penguva yakati, navanhu vakakwaniswa, pasina panikiro zviuru zvamamirioni avo. Vazhinji vavanhu ivavo vachava avo vanodzoka kupasi mu“rumuko rwavose vari vaviri vakarurama navasakarurama.” (Mabasa 24:15) Bva, kuchava navamwe vanowana upenyu munyika itsva kunze kwaavo vachamutswa muvakafa. Ndivanaani vari ava vamwe?
“Haangatongofi”
18. Mukuwedzera kutariro yorumuko rwavanhu vakafa, chinhui chinokatyamadza icho Jesu akadeya kutaura?
18 Nepo tariro yechokwadi nokuda kwavanhu vakafa iri rumuko, pane imwe tariro inoshamisa munguva yedu. Ine chokuita neizvo Jesu akapfuurira kuudza Marta. Pashure pokutaura, kuti: “Unotenda kwandiri, kunyange akafa, uchararamazve [murumuko],” Jesu akawedzera, kuti, “mumwe nomumwe ari mupenyu, unotenda kwandiri, haangatongofi.” (Johane 11:25, 26) Muuku kutaura kwapashure, Jesu akadeya kutaura chinhu chinokatyamadza: Nguva yaizosvika apo vanhu vapenyu vaisazodikanirwa kufa! Asi ikoko kwaizoitika rini?
19. (a) Tariro yokusazotongofazve yaizowanwa mukati menhamboi yenguva? (b) Bhaibheri rinorondedzera sei avo vane tariro yokusazotongofazve?
19 Zvino—zuva redu—inguva yokuti chipikirwa ichocho chizadzikwe! Ufakazi hwose hunoratidza kuti tiri pedyo zvikuru nomugumo wenyika ino yakaipa. (Mateo 24:3-14; 2 Timotio 3:1-5, 13) Nokudaro, vanhu nhasi vanoshandisa kutenda muna Mwari nomuMwanakomana wake vane tariro inofadza yokupukunyuka mugumo wetsika ino ndokupfuurira vari vapenyu kupinda munyika itsva yaMwari—vasingazotongofi! Ivava vanotaurwa nezvavo pana Zvakazarurwa 7:9, 14 (NW), se“boka guru, risina munhu akagona kuriverenga, rinobva mundudzi dzose namarudzi navanhu nendimi . . . [avo] vanobuda mudambudziko guru,” vanochengetwa naMwari nemhaka yokushandisa kwavo kutenda. Jesu akataura nezvokuparadzwa kunouya kwetsika ino yazvino yakaipa so“kutambudzika kukuru kusati kwakambovapo kwakadaro, kubva pakutanga kwenyika kusvikira zvino, uye hakuchazovipo.”—Mateo 24:21; onawo Zvirevo 2:21, 22; Pisarema 37:10, 11, 34.
20, 21. Mamirioni nhasi ari kushandisa sei kutenda muna Mwari naKristu, uye chii icho vazhinji vavo vasati vachizoda?
20 Munyika yose, mamirioni eboka guru ayo anoda kurarama nokusingaperi pasi pano ava kutoshandisa kutenda muzvipikirwa zvaMwari uye muno uyo iye akapa simba rokuva “rumuko noupenyu,” Jesu Kristu. Uye vakazvitsaurira vamene kuna Mwari, vachiratidzira ikoku kupfurikidza norubhapatidzo rwomumvura. (Mateo 28:19, 20) Vanobvuma kuti vane ruponeso chose chose kuna “Mwari, ugere pachigaro choushe, nokuGwaiana,” Jesu kristu.—Zvakazarurwa 7:10.
21 Avo veboka guru vanopukunyuka mugumo wenyika ino havasati vachizoda rumuko kubva kuvakafa nemhaka yokuti hava“ngatongofi”! Uri kuita nhano dzokuva mumwe weiri boka here? Kana zvakadaro, iropafadzo inoshamisa zvakadini, yechienzi yakakuzarukira—iyo yokupukunyuka mugumo wetsika yakaipa yaSatani nokupinzwa munguva itsva yakarurama iyo ichakuunzira ugwinyi hwakakwana noupenyu husingaperi muparadhiso yapasi! (Ruka 23:43; Zvakazarurwa 21:3, 4) Kupfurikidza nokudzidza chiri kuda kwaMwari ndokutsungirira mukukuita, ungaratidzira kuti ‘hausi worudzi runodzokera shure kuruparadziko.’ Iwewo ungava “nokutenda kukuponeswa kwomweya.”—VaHebheru 10:39, NW; 1 Johane 2:15-17; Zvakazarurwa 7:15.
Mibvunzo Yehwirudzuro
◻ Ndeipi iri tariro yechokwadi nokuda kwavakafa?
◻ Nei chitendero chechiKristudhomu murumuko rwomuviri chichituka Mwari?
◻ Bhaibheri rinodzidzisei pamusoro pokusafa?
◻ Itariroi inokatyamadza inogona kuva navanhu nhasi?