VaAztec Vemazuva Ano Vanotendeuka Vova vaKristu Vechokwadi

“Temberi dzakaparara pakangosara madota, zvidhori zvakaparadzwa, uye mabhuku matsvene akaparadzwa nemoto, asi vanhu vokuIndia vachiri kunamata vanamwari vekare.”—Las antiguas culturas mexicanas (The Ancient Mexican Cultures).

MUNYIKA yeMexico munogara vanhu verudzi rwechiAztec avo vakatanga vachingova vanhu vashomanana mumakore okuma1300, kusvikira vava rudzi rwoumambo rune simba rakaenzana nerevaIncas vokuPeru. Kunyange zvazvo umambo hwevaAztec hwakazoparara pakakundwa muzinda wavo wainzi Tenochtitlán neSpain muna 1521, mutauro wavo unonzi Nahuatl uchiri kungotaurwa.a Uchiri kutaurwa nevanhu vokuMexico vanenge miriyoni nechidimbu mumaruwa 15 enyika iyoyo. Izvi zvakabatsira kuti dzimwe tsika dzevaAztec dzisaparara sezvinoratidzwa nemashoko ataurwa panotangira nyaya ino omumwe anoita zvokutsvakurudza anonzi Walter Krickeberg. Dzimwe tsika dzacho ndedzipi?

Tsika Dzisina Kujairika Asi Dzichizivikanwa

Zvinoita sokuti tsika inonyanya kuzivikanwa yevaAztec ndeyokuuraya vanhu sezvibayiro. Vaitevedzera tsika iyi nokuti vaifunga kuti zuva raizofa kana rikasapiwa mwoyo neropa revanhu. Imwe nhengo yechechi yeRoma yokuSpain inonzi Diego Durán yakataura kuti muna 1487, pamutambo wokukumikidza temberi huru yeTenochtitlán, vanhu vanopfuura 80 000 vakaurayiwa sezvibayiro mumazuva mana.

Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vokuSpain vainyangadzwa netsika iyi, vakashamisika kuti dzimwe tsika dzakawanda dzevanhu ava dzaiva dzakafanana nedzechechi yavo yeRoma. Somuenzaniso, vaAztec vaiita chirayiro pavaidya mifananidzo yanamwari vavo yaigadzirwa nechibage. Dzimwe nguva vaidya nyama yevanhu vaiurayiwa sezvibayiro. VaAztec vaishandisa muchinjikwa pakunamata, vaireurura uye vaibhabhatidza vana vacheche. Zvinoita sokuti chakanyanya kufanana nechechi yeRoma ndechokuti vaAztec vainamata Tonantzin, mhandara inonzi “Amai vevanaMwari,” yavaishevedza kuti Kamai Kedu Kadiki.

Zvinonzi Mhandara yeRoma yeGuadalupe yaitaura chiNahuatl yakaonana nemumwe muAztec wokuIndia muna 1531 pagomo rainamatirwa Tonantzin nevaAztec. Izvi zvakaita kuti vaAztec vakurumidze kutendeukira kuchechi yeRoma. Paimbova netemberi yaTonantzin pakabva pavakwa temberi yemhandara iyi. Musi wa12 December, mazana ezviuru zvevanhu vokuMexico, vakawanda vacho vanotaura chiNahuatl, vanoshanyira temberi iyi.

Munzvimbo dzavanogara dzemumakomo, vanhu vechiNahuatl vanoitira vasande vavo vavanovimba navo mitambo yakasiyana-siyana, mimwe yacho inogona kupedza mazuva akawanda kana kuti mavhiki. Bhuku rinonzi El universo de los aztecas (The Universe of the Aztecs) rinotaura kuti vaAztec vanoti “kunamata kwavanoita vasande veChechi yeRoma kwakafanana nemitambo yavaiita vasati varwiswa naCortés wokuSpain.” VaNahuatl vakanyurawo pakuita zvemidzimu. Pavanorwara vanoenda kun’anga dzinoita mitambo yokuchenesa uye dzinouraya mhuka sezvibayiro. Uyezve vakawanda havana kudzidza zvokuti havatogoni kuverenga chiSpanish kana kuti chiNahuatl. Vanotarisirwa pasi nenyaya yokuomerera patsika dzavo nemutauro wavo uye nenyaya yokuti varombo zvakanyanyisa.

VaAztec Vemazuva Ano Vanonzwa Chokwadi cheBhaibheri

Kwemakore akawanda, Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvokuMexico zvanga zvichiedza kuita kuti vanhu vose vanzwe “mashoko akanaka oumambo.” (Mateu 24:14) Muna 2000, hofisi yebazi reZvapupu zvaJehovha yokuMexico yakatanga urongwa hwokuparidzira vanhu vose vanotaura chiNahuatl mumutauro wavo uye yakaronga kuti pave neungano dzechiNahuatl kuitira vaNahuatl vaipinda neungano dzechiSpanish. Pakaumbwa boka rokushandurira mabhuku eBhaibheri muchiNahuatl. Pakaitwawo urongwa hwokudzidzisa vanhu vechiNahuatl kuverenga nokunyora mutauro wavo. Zvakaguma nei? Ngatimbonzwai zvimwe zvakaitika.

Mumwe mukadzi werudzi urwu paakanzwa hurukuro yeBhaibheri kokutanga muchiNahuatl akati: “Kwemakore gumi tanga tichipinda misangano uye misoro yaisara ichitema nemhaka yokutadza kunzwisisa chiSpanish. Zvava kuita sokuti tava kudzidza chokwadi patsva!” Juan ane makore 60 akanga ava nemakore masere achidzidza Bhaibheri uye achipinda misangano pamwe chete nemudzimai wake nevana. Asi akanga asingafambiri mberi nokuti zvaiitwa nomutauro wechiSpanish. Juan akazotanga kudzidza Bhaibheri nemutauro wechiNahuatl uye pasina gore akabva abhabhatidzwa akava Chapupu.

Zvatichangobva kutaura zvinoratidza kuti pane vakawanda vakatanga kudzidza Bhaibheri muchiSpanish asi vasinganyatsorinzwisisi. Misangano, magungano nemabhuku zvemutauro wavo zvakaita kuti vagamuchire chokwadi cheBhaibheri uye vanzwisise zvavanofanira kuita sevaKristu.

Kukurira Zvipingamupinyi

Vanhu vanotaura chiNahuatl vakafambira mberi zvavo pakunamata asi pakamboita zvipingamupinyi. Somuenzaniso, zvainzi vaitewo mhemberero dzechitendero chevaNahuatl. MuSan Agustín Oapan, Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvairambidzwa kuparidza paimba neimba. Vanhu vakavarambidza vaityira kuti kuparidzira kwavo kwaizoita kuti vanhu varege kupa mari yokutsigira mhemberero dzavo. Florencio nezvimwe Zvapupu zviviri vakasungwa pavaiparidza nerimwe boka duku reZvapupu zvechiNahuatl. Mumaminitsi 20 vakanga vatounganirwa neboka revanhu kuti rione zvokuita navo.

“Vaida zvokutotipfuudza ipapo ipapo,” anodaro Florencio. “Vamwe vaida kuti tisungwe netambo tobva takandirwa murwizi. Takapedza usiku hwose tiri muchitokisi. Zuva rakatevera racho imwe hama yaiva gweta nedzimwe hama mbiri vakauya kuzotibatsira. Vakabva vasungwawo. Vakuru vakuru vakati vaizotisunungura kana tikatama mutaundi racho.” Pasinei nezvakaitika izvi, pakazopera gore munzvimbo iyi makanga mava neungano ine Zvapupu 17 zvakabhabhatidzwa uye vanhu vanenge 50 vaipinda misangano.

Mune imwe nzvimbo inotaurwa chiNahuatl inonzi Coapala, mumwe weZvapupu zvaJehovha anonzi Alberto akakokwa kuzoita mumwe mutambo unoitwa munzvimbo iyi. Akaramba ndokubva avharirwa mujeri. Vakuru vakuru vomunzvimbo iyi vakaita dare uye vamwe vaiti Alberto aifanira kuurayiwa achiita zvokuturikwa padanda kuitira kutyisidzira munhu upi zvake aida kupinda chitendero chaAlberto achisiya tsika dzake. Zvimwe Zvapupu zvakamboedza kuita kuti Alberto asunungurwe asi zvakabva zvasungwawo. Vose vakazosunungurwa pakapera mutambo wacho wakapedza vhiki uchiitwa. Zvapupu zvakazoona kuti zvaiva zvakakodzera kutsvaka rubatsiro kuvakuru vakuru vehurumende sezvo zvairamba zvichitambudzwa uye vakuru vakuru vacho vakabva vadzika mutemo wakaita kuti kutambudzwa kuya kupere. Zvinofadza kuti papera kanguva mumwe murume ainyanya kutambudza Zvapupu akazobvuma kudzidza Bhaibheri achibva abhabhatidzwa. Iye zvino mutaundi iroro mava neungano.

Kuibvira Kukohwa

Zvapupu zvakawanda zviri kudzidza mutauro wechiNahuatl sezvo zvakaona kuti vanhu vakawanda vemutauro uyu vangangogamuchira chokwadi. Asi kuita izvozvo kune zvipingamupinyi. VaNahuatl vanonyara uye havadi kutaura mutauro wavo nemhaka yokubatwa zvisina kunaka kwavanoitwa nevamwe. Uyewo, mutauro wechiNahuatl unotaurwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana.

Sonia uyo anopedza nguva yakawanda achiparidza, anotaura chakaita kuti adzidze mutauro wechiNahuatl. Sonia anoti: “Nharaunda iri pedyo nemusha wedu ine vashandi 6 000 vechiNahuatl vanobva kune dzimwe nzvimbo uye vanogara vakavharirwa nemagadhi. Vanhu vacho havana munhu anovadzivirira uye vanotarisirwa pasi. Mamiriro avo ezvinhu akandirwadza chaizvo nokuti vaNahuatl vaimbova vanhu vanoremekedzwa uye ndiko kwakabva tsika dzedu. Kwemakore 20 tanga tichivaparidzira nechiSpanish asi vanga vasinganyatsonzwisisi uye vasingadi zvokudzidza. Zvisinei, pandakadzidza mashoko mashomanana emutauro wavo, vakabvuma kuparidzirwa. Vakandiunganira kuti vateerere. Ndakaudza mumwe mudzimai kuti kana akandidzidzisa chiNahuatl, ndaigona kumudzidzisa kuverenga nokunyora. Iye zvino pamisha yose yandinosvika vava kunditi ‘mukadzi anotaura chiNahuatl.’ Ndiri kuona sokuti nditori mumishinari munyika mangu.” Iye zvino munzvimbo iyi mava neungano yechiNahuatl.

Maricela, mumwewo anogara achiparidza ari kuita zvose zvaanogona kuti adzidze chiNahuatl. Pakutanga aidzidza Bhaibheri nechiSpanish nevamwe sekuru vane makore 70 vanonzi Félix. Paakaramba achidzidza chiNahuatl, Maricela akatanga kuvatsanangurira nomutauro wavo. Zvakazoguma zvaitika zvinofadza. Maricela akabayiwa mwoyo sekuru Félix pavakamubvunza kuti, “Jehovha anondinzwawo here kana ndikataura naye nechiNahuatl?” Sekuru Félix vakafara chaizvo pavakadzidza kuti Jehovha anonzwa mitauro yose. Sekuru Félix vanogara vachipinda misangano kunyange zvazvo vachifanira kufamba kweawa nechidimbu. Iye zvino vakabhabhatidzwa. Maricela anoti, “Ndinonakidzwa chaizvo nokushanda pamwe chete nengirozi ine mashoko akanaka okuti izivise vanhu vemarudzi ose.”—Zvakazarurwa 14:6, 7.

Munda wechiNahuatl ‘wachenera kukohwa.’ (Johani 4:35) Tinonyengeterera kuti Jehovha Mwari arambe achikoka vanhu vemarudzi ose kusanganisira vaAztec vemazuva ano kuti vakwire kugomo rake kunodzidziswa nzira dzake.—Isaya 2:2, 3.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 13]

(Kana uchida mashoko azere, ona bhuku racho)

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