Ukubuka Okwezwe
Ukububula Ngenxa Yokuphela Kwemikhuba Emihle
‘Ukuchwensa, ukudelela, izingubo zokugqoka eziwubudlabha noma ezicasulayo, ukwethuka, ukukhohlisa, nendluzula kuye kwenza ukuphila kwaba okungaqondakali, okunzima, futhi okungajabulisi,’ kubika i-Times yaseLondon. Okuphambili kuloluhla kwamanye amazwe ukungakugqizi qakala ukubukeka komuntu siqu. “Amabhantshi esikhumba, amabhande aboshwa ekhanda abashokobezi, amakhala abhoboziwe, amabhuzi esikhumba anezinkinobho nokudwetshwa kwemifanekiso emzimbeni okucasulayo kuwukuphaka impi,” kusho u-Athena Leoussi, waseReading University. NgokukaLeoussi, izingubo zokugqoka ezinjalo ziwuphawu olusobala lokudelela abanye abantu. I-Times ithi ‘ukuwohloka kwesizotha, ukuzithiba, nokuhleleka mhlawumbe kusongela umphakathi ngisho nangaphezu kobugebengu.’ Khona-ke, liyini ikhambi? Imikhuba emihle kumelwe “ifundiswe ekhaya,” kusho leli phepha. “Ayinakumane ichazelwe abantwana, kodwa kumelwe ifundiswe ngesibonelo.”
Izingozi Zocingo Oluphathwayo
Ukuhlola kwamuva nje eJapane kuqinisekise ukuthi amaza omsakazo akhishwa izingcingo eziphathwayo angabangela izinkinga ezingathi sína emishinini yokwelapha yasesibhedlela. I-Asahi Evening News ithi: “Kokunye ukuhlola, umshini wenhliziyo namaphaphu wacisha lapho kusetshenziswa ucingo oluphathwayo ebangeni eliqhele ngamasentimitha angu-45.” Futhi abacwaningi bathola ukuthi izinhlabamkhosi ezisemishinini yokumpompela nezisemishinini yemithi yokunqanda umdlavuza zakhala lapho kusetshenziswa ucingo oluphathwayo ebangeni elingamasentimitha angu-75 ukusuka kulemishini. Imishini ye-X ray nama-tonometer nayo yathinteka. Ngokusekelwe kulemiphumela, uMnyango Wezamaposi Nezokuxhumana utusa ukuthi kungangenwa nezingcingo eziphathwayo emagunjini okuhlinzela nasemagunjini abantu ababangwa nezibi. Ngokokunye ukuhlola, izikhungo zezokwelapha ezingaba ngu-25 eTokyo kakade seziyakulawula ukusetshenziswa kwezingcingo eziphathwayo, kanti ezingu-12 kuzo ziye zazenqabela ngokuphelele izingcingo eziphathwayo.
Izindelakazi Zifundela I-karate
Njengoba abesifazane besongelwa ngobudlova ngokwandayo, iqembu lezindelakazi zaseSt. Anne’s Provinciate eMadhavaram, eSifundazweni saseTamil Nadu, eNingizimu yelaseNdiya, liye laqala ukuqeqeshelwa i-karate. UShihan Hussaini, umongameli we-All India Isshinryu Karate Association, uthi lezi zindelakazi ziye zathuthuka kahle kakhulu kunabanye besifazane aye wabaqeqesha eminyakeni engu-24 engumqeqeshi we-karate. Uthi: ‘Ngicabanga ukuthi kuhlobene namandla angabonakali nokuzithiba ezinakho.’ Esinye isikhali lezi zindelakazi ezifundiswa ukusisebenzisa sibizwa ngokuthi i-sein ko. Sinjengesiphambano, futhi “ngokusebenzisa lesi sikhali, kungenzeka ngisho nokubulala umhlaseli,” kusho uHussaini.
Ukukhanya Kwelanga Kuhlanza Amanzi
I-Globe and Mail yaseToronto ibika ukuthi “ososayensi baseCanada baye bathola ukuthi ukukhanya kwelanga okuvamile kubulala izakhi zesigidi ezingaba yingozi emanzini.” Abacwaningi base-University of Manitoba nase-Freshwater Institute of Winnipeg bathola ukuthi ukubeka ekukhanyeni kwelanga amanzi asechibini angcoliswe i-methylmercury isonto elilodwa kuphela kwaphumela ekuncipheni kwezinga le-methylmercury ngamaphesenti angu-40 kuya kwangu-66. I-Globe ithi: “Ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe lokhu kucwaninga, ososayensi babekholelwa ukuthi amagciwane kuphela aqeda i-methylmercury emanzini asechibini.” Futhi lombiko uphawula ukuthi kubonakala sengathi ukukhanya kwelanga “kusebenza ngokushesha ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-350 kunenqubo yamagciwane ebeyaziwa kuqala.”
Abantwana Abacindezelekile
Inani labantwana elinezilonda nezisu ezibuhlungu liye laphindeka kabili eminyakeni eyishumi, kubika iphephandaba laseBrazil i-Estado de S. Paulo. Lemiphumela, esekelwe ekuhloleni kwaseSão Paulo University, ibhekisela ekucindezelekeni ngokomzwelo njengesinye sezici eziyinhloko. “Ukucindezeleka kwezenhlalo kubonakala esimweni somntwana esingokomzwelo, . . . kuze kufinyelele eqophelweni lokubangela izifo,” kusho isazi sezifo zesisu uDorina Barbieri. Leli phephandaba laqhubeka libala izici eziningi ezinengxenye ekucindezelekeni kwabantwana, kuhlanganise nezingxabano zasekhaya, izingozi noma ukufa emkhayeni, ukulindela ukuphelela, ukudla okungenamsoco, umoya wokuncintisana, nokuntuleka kwesikhathi sokuphumula.
Ukuhlala Uhlakaniphile Isikhathi Eside
Ingabe uyafuna ukuhlala uhlakaniphile uze ube mdala? “Ungakudebeseleli ukufunda, vivinya umzimba njalo futhi uvikele amaphaphu akho,” kusho umagazini i-American Health. “Kunezinto esingazenza ukuze sandise amathuba okulondoloza amakhono engqondo,” kusho uMarilyn Albert, isazi se-neuropsychology saseHarvard Medical School. UDkt. Albert ucabanga ukuthi ngandlela-thile imfundo “ishintsha ukwakheka kobuchopho” ukuze kuvikeleke ukuwohloka kwamakhono engqondo lapho umuntu eguga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kucatshangwa ukuthi ukuvivinya umzimba kungathuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni futhi kubunikeze umoya-mpilo owengeziwe. Ngakho-ke u-Albert uyasikisela: “Hamba hamba nsuku zonke, funda okungenani incwadi entsha eyodwa ngenyanga, futhi uma ubhema, phumuza amaphaphu akho (nobuchopho), ngokuyeka ukubhema.”
I-buffalo Pox Iyagadla ENdiya
I-Times of India ibika ukuthi i-buffalo pox, ebangelwa ‘igciwane elisemkhakheni owodwa nelengxibongo,’ iye yatholakala esifundeni saseBeed entshonalanga yeNdiya. Nakuba lesi sifo singeyona ingozi njengengxibongo, ososayensi bakhathazekile ngokusakazeka kwaso. “Leli gciwane kumelwe libhekwe ngeso elibukhali,” kusho uDkt. Kalyan Banerjee, umqondisi we-National Institute of Virology. “Asazi ukuthi liyingozi kangakanani.” Okukhathaza kakhulu ukuthi kunamathuba okuba lesi sifo sisakazekele ezindaweni eziqhelile zasemaphandleni lapho izinto zokwelapha ziyindlala khona. I-buffalo pox ibangela umkhuhlane kubantu, ukuvuvukala kwama-lymph node, izibazi eziningi emzimbeni, nokuba buthakathaka okuvamile.
Enye Inhlabamkhosi Eyiphutha
“Ukucwaninga ngabantu abaphila ngaphandle kwaleplanethi kwaba nentuthuko enkulu ngonyaka odlule,” kubika umagazini i-New Scientist. Abacwaningi abasebenza e-SETI Institute, ezinze eMountain View, eCalifornia, “njalo babethola izimpawu ezaziwubufakazi obungenakuphikiswa bokuthi kunezidalwa ezihlakaniphile.” Nokho, ngemva kokuhlola okwengeziwe, leli qembu lathola ukuthi lezi zimpawu zomsakazo “zazingaveli kuma-ET [abantu abahlala ngaphandle kwaleplanethi] kodwa zazivela kuhhavini we-microwave osesitezi esingaphansi.” I-New Scientist iphawula ukuthi akukhona okokuqala ishaya phansi i-SETI Institute. Abacwaningi ababehlola isibhakabhaka e-Australia bathola ukuthi “iningi lalezi zinhlabamkhosi eziyiphutha lalivela ezimpawini zeziphuphutheki.” Muva nje umkhulumeli we-SETI Institute uvumile kuyi-American Astronomical Society ukuthi zonke izimpawu zomsakazo ezatholwa i-SETI ngo-1995 “zazivela ezintweni zethu zezobuchwepheshe.”
Umzila Wamanzi Omusha
Kuhlongozwa umzila wamanzi omusha onobude obungamakhilomitha angu-3450 ukusuka edolobheni laseBrazil iCáceres ukuya eningizimu eMfuleni wase-Argentina iPlate. Uyohlanganisa imifula iParaná neParaguay. Lomzila, noma i-hidrovia, uyodlula emigwaqweni eminingi esezingeni eliphansi, okuyokwenza kube lula ukuthuthela ubhontshisi, ukotini, okusanhlamvu, itshe-nsimbi, umcako, i-manganese, nezinye izimpahla emazweni angaphandle. Le-hidrovia iwumsebenzi ohlanganyelwe i-Argentina, iBrazil, iParaguay, i-Uruguay, neBolivia ephakathi nezwe. Ngokwe-Economist, “abenzi balomzila bawubheka njengeMississippi yaseNingizimu Melika, eyisa izimpahla enkabeni yalelizwekazi elichumayo.”
Inani Lika-pi
U-pi, njengoba abaningi bafunda esikoleni, uyisilinganiso somjikelezo wobukhulu besiyingi. Abantu abaningi bangenza izinto ngokuphumelelayo ngenani eliyisilinganiso sika-pi, esingu-3,14159, kodwa u-pi akayona inombolo enembile, ngakho inani lezinombolo zika-pi ezingemva kwekhefana alipheli. Ekhulwini le-18, kwatholakala inani elilingana ncamashí nezinombolo eziyikhulu ngemva kwekhefana, futhi ngo-1973 izazi zezibalo ezimbili zaseFrance zathola izinombolo eziyisigidi ngemva kwekhefana. Manje, uYasumasa Kanada, waseTokyo University yaseJapane, uye wabala leli nani nge-computer, laba izinombolo ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyisithupha ngemva kwekhefana. Lesi sibalo asinalo usizo oluqondile, “njengoba kudingeka nje izinombolo ezingu-39 ngemva kwekhefana ukuze kubalwe umjikelezo wesiyingi esizungeza indawo yonke eyaziwayo ngokobukhulu be-athomu ye-hydrogen,” kuphawula i-Times yaseLondon. UProfesa Kanada uthi uyakujabulela ukubala inani lika-pi “ngoba liyinselele.” Kodwa ungazami ukusho ngekhanda umphumela awutholile. I-Times ithi: “Ukusho inombolo eyodwa ngekhanda, ngaphandle kokuma, kungathatha iminyaka engaba ngu-200.”