Imidlalo Yokubheja—Kungani Ithandwa Kangaka?

KUNGANI abantu bedlala umdlalo wokubheja? “Kuyajabulisa, kumnandi,” kusho umkhulumeli wesifazane webhodi lemidlalo yokubheja. Mhlawumbe kunjalo, kodwa okukhangayo ngokuyinhloko ngokuqinisekile imali ewumklomelo. Cishe wonke umuntu angasebenzisa imali encane eyengeziwe. Futhi imidlalo yokubheja ithembisa imali eningi. Ezweni lanamuhla elintengantengayo lamanani anyukayo, ukwehluleka kwezimakethe zokuhwebelana, nemisebenzi ephelayo, izigidi zabantu zikholelwa ukuthi ukuwina umdlalo wokubheja kuwukuphela kwendlela engase icatshangwe yokuba babe abacebe ngokuyisimangaliso.

Okunezela ekukhangeni kwayo, imidlalo yokubheja ayiyona inkimbinkimbi futhi kulula ukuyidlala. Kunezinhlobo eziningi, njengeLotto, izinombolo, nemidlalo oklwebha kuyo iphepha ukuze kuvele izinombolo ezifihliwe, kodwa konke lokhu kufana ngezici ezimbili. Esokuqala siwukuthi abadlali bawina lapho izinombolo ezisemathikithini abo zifana nalezo ezitonyulwa abahleli. Esesibili, ngokungefani nezinye izinhlobo zokugembula, alikho ikhono elikhethekile noma ulwazi oludingekayo ukuze kuwinwe. Ukuwina noma ukudliwa kuyindaba eyenzeka ngengozi ngokuphelele.

Abantu futhi badlala imidlalo yokubheja ngoba kulula ukuthenga amathikithi. Abantu abaningi baseMelika bangawathenga ezitolo zokudla zasendaweni. Kwezinye izindawo, uma indlu yokubheja ingekho seduze, abadlali bangabheja ngeposi, ucingo, itelex, noma ngefax.

Yini Entsha Ngemidlalo Yokubheja?

Ingabe imidlalo yokubheja misha? Lutho neze. Emikhosini eRoma lasendulo, ababusi uNero noAwugustu banikela ngezigqila nempahla njengemiklomelo. Omunye wemiklomelo yokuqala ebhaliwe yemali cishe wakhokhwa ngo-1530 umdlalo wokubheja eFlorence, eItaly. Emakhulwini eminyaka alandela, imidlalo yokubheja yachuma eYurophu. Imidlalo yokubheja yachuma naseMelika yangaphambili, ingenisa imali eyasiza ekukhokheleni iJamestown, iButho laseYurophu, nokwakhiwa kwamayunivesithi ahlonishwayo, njengeHarvard, iDartmouth, iYale, neColumbia.

Nokho, ekhulwini lama-19 leminyaka lelibhizinisi langena enkathazweni. Abaphikisi balahla ukugembula okukhulu futhi basola ngokuthi ukutomula kwakwenziwe ngokukhohlisa. Imidlalo yokubheja yayigcwele ukufumbathisa, ukonakala, nokuhileleka kobugebengu. Abagqugquzeli abangabodwa bawola izinzuzo ezinkulu. Ngenxa yalokho, imidlalo yokubheja eUnited States, eFrance, naseBrithani yanqatshelwa.

Ingabe lendaba yaphela kanjalo? Ngokusobala akunjalo. Imidlalo yokubheja yayiqhubekile ichuma kwezinye izindawo​—⁠ngokwesibonelo, eItaly naseAustralia. UCarlos III waseSpain wenza umdlalo wokubheja ngo-1763; ngokohlelo lwawo lwanamuhla wamiswa umthetho ngo-1812. Amazwe ngamazwe agxumela enqoleni yomdlalo wokubheja.

Ngo-1933, iFrance yayeka ukuwunqabela kwayo futhi yamisa iLoterie nationale. Futhi ngawo-1930, i-Ireland yamisa uMncintiswano odumile Wezibhedlela ZaseIreland. ITakarakuji yaseJapane yaqaliswa ngo-1945. IBrithani yavumela ukubhejela imidlalo yebhola lezinyawo nokutonyulwa kwamabond aklomela kakhulu, eqinisweni okuyimidlalo yokubheja uma kuwukuthi akubizwa kanjalo. Futhi ngo-1964 iUnited States yabuyela kulelibhizinisi.

Khona-ke ngawo-1970, izintuthuko ezimbili zaguqula ukusebenza komdlalo wokubheja. Eyokuqala yayiwukungeniswa kwamacomputer axhunywe nezindawo zokuthengisa. Manje kwase kungahlelwa imidlalo eyayingase idlalwe abantu abaningi, izikhathi eziphindaphindiwe leyo abadlali ababengakhetha kuyo izinombolo zabo siqu. Kwakungasadingekile ukulinda amasonto noma izinyanga ukuze babone ukuthi bawinile yini; abadlali babengakuthola lokho esikhathini esingangezinsuku, amahora, noma ngisho nemizuzu.

Intuthuko yesibili yayiwukusungulwa kweLotto, umdlalo lapho amathuba okungawini emakhulu khona. KuyiLotto, lapho ijackpot ingawinwanga, idluliselwa emidlalweni elandelayo. Ngenxa yalokho, imali ewumklomelo ingakheka ibe izigidi zamaRandi. NgeLotto, ukuthengwa kwamathikithi kwakhula, futhi ibhizinisi laba likhulu ngempela.

Okukhanga Abagqugquzeli

Kungani ohulumeni begqugquzelela ukugembula? Ngoba kuyindlela elula yokungenisa imali ngaphandle kokwenyusa izintela. Nakuba imishini yokugembula neroulette ikhafula imali ewumklomelo efinyelela kumaphesenti angu-95 aleyo ayidlayo, imidlalo yokubheja ikhokhela amaphesenti angaphansi kuka-50. Ngokwesibonelo, eUnited States ngo-1988, cishe amasenti angu-48 alelo nalelodollar lokubheja akhokhwa ngemiklomelo futhi amasenti angu-15 aba awokugqugquzelela, ukuthengisa, nokuqondisa. Amasenti angu-37 asele asetshenziswa ekukhokheleni izintuthuko zomphakathi, imfundo, ukunakekelwa kwempilo, nokusiza asebegugile. Ezweni lonke, lokho kwafinyelela kumadollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-7,2.

Kodwa ohulumeni abahleli imidlalo yokubheja ukuze nje benze imali. Uma bengahlanganyeli kulelibhizinisi, bangase balahlekelwe imali. Izakhamuzi zabo zingase zidlale kwezinye izindawo. Ngakho lapho izwe noma umbuso owodwa uqala umdlalo wokubheja, omakhelwane bawo bayaphoqeleka ukuba benze okufanayo. Lomphumela okhulayo uyabonakala eUnited States. Ngo-1964 kwakunomdlalo wokubheja owodwa woMbuso; ngo-1989 kwakunengu-⁠30.

Amaphupho Omcebo

Yebo, kunabantu abaningi abazama ukuthola uhlamvu lweRandi lomthengi. Ngakho abagqugquzeli bawukholisa kanjani umphakathi ukuba uchithe imali emidlalweni yokubheja? Ukukhangisa! Biza izingcweti zokuvumisa!

Ingabe ukukhangisa kuyakugcizelela ukuthi ingxenye ethile (nakuba incane) yenzuzo iyosiza ekukhokheleni imfundo noma ilungiselele ukuba abagugile banakekelwe? Lutho neze! Lokho kuyethukela kushiwo. Kunalokho, ezokukhangisa zigcizelela indlela okungaba okujabulisa ngayo ukuwina izigidi zamaRandi. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa:

◻ “Indlela Yokuphila Emangalisayo Yabacebile Nabanodumo Ingaba Eyakho Njengamanje . . . Lapho Udlala ILOTTO 6/49 Yezigidi Eziningi ZamaDollar Edumile YaseCanada.”

◻ “UMDLALO WOKUBHEJA WASEFLORIDA . . . Ceba Ngomdlalo Wokubheja WaseMelika Omkhulu Kunayo Yonke.”

◻ “Imali Iyenziwa EJalimane​—⁠ZITHOLELE YONA UCEBE futhi ube uSozimali ngesikhashana nje.”

Ingabe kuwukuthengisa ngempoqo? Ngokuqinisekile kuyikho! Imizamo yokunciphisa ukukhangisa ngokuvamile iphela lapho amathikithi engathengwa. Eqinisweni, abagqugquzeli baphendukela emidlalweni eshube kakhudlwana nokuthengisa ukuze banxenxe abadlali abasha futhi bagcine abadala benesithakazelo. Abagqugquzeli kumelwe njalo banikeze okuthile okubonakala kukusha. Umqondisi wemidlalo yokubheja waseOregon uJames Davey wathi: “Sinezihloko zokugembula, senza amaOlympic. NgoKhisimusi senza Imali Yamaholide. NgeziNkanyezi Zenhlanhla sisizakala ngezimpawu zezinkanyezi zabantu. Sithola ukuthi uma unemidlalo emibili noma emithathu, emine noma eyisihlanu ngesikhathi esisodwa, uyothengisa amathikithi amaningi.”

Kodwa okukhanga kakhulu ijackpot enkulu. KuyiLotto, lapho imali ewumklomelo ikhula, njengoba yenza lapho ifinyelela kumadollar ayizigidi ezingu-115 ePennsylvania ngo-1989, kukhulunywa ngakho kakhulu. Abantu bayathutheleka beyothenga amathikithi kulokho omunye umlobi akubiza ngokuthi “ukusekela komgembuli kobuhlanya.” Naphezu kwalokhu kusabela okweqisayo, ngisho nalabo abangawudlali ngokuvamile umdlalo wokubheja bakhipha imali yabo.

[Ibhokisi ekhasini 6]

Imfiva Yokugembula Nenkolo

“ISonto LamaKatolika liye langifundisa ukugembula. Ibingo namaraffle awahlukile neze emidlalweni yokubheja. Uma iSonto LamaKatolika belingahola futhi liqede konke ukugembula, bengingawucabangela kabusha umqondo wokugwema ukudlala umdlalo wokubheja. Uma kuwukuthi ngiyahaha, kungenxa yokuthi cishe kuwumthendeleko eSontweni.”​—⁠Umfundi kumagazini iU.S. Catholic.

“Ngemva kweMisa yangeSonto, umcimbi ongowesibili oba nabantu abaningi emasontweni amaKatolika imidlalo yamasonto onke yebingo, ngokokuhlola kweYunivesithi yaseNotre Dame izindawo ezibuswa isonto zamaKatolika.” Nokho, abapristi abaningana bathi abaningi balabo ababa khona emidlalweni yebingo abayi esontweni.​—⁠ISunday Star-Ledger, eNew Jersey, eU.S.A.

Esithi “USanta UPancras Waletha Inhlanhla EMadrid” sasiyisihloko esikhulu seABC yamasonto onke yaseSpain, uhlelo lwezizwe zonke. Lesihloko saqhubeka: “‘KwakunguSanta Pancras’ kubabaza ngokuphindaphindiwe izisebenzi ezimbili ezisebenza esitolo semidlalo yokubheja . . . lapho zazithengise khona okuwukuphela kochungechunge lwenombolo u-21515, i‘gordo’ [enkulu] ebiza [amapeseta] ayizigidi ezingu-250 [noma namuhla, uR6 250 000], eye yasakazwa eMadrid. [Lezisebenzi] zavuma ukuthi zazithandaze kusanta, osithombe sakhe sengamele umsebenzi wazo futhi zabeka phezu kwaso ihlamvana leparsley, ukuze zibe nenhlanhla yokuthengisa i‘gordo’ kaKhisimusi.”

“Bezama ukuthola izindlela zokuchaza inhlanhla yabo, labo asebenesikhathi bewina babethambekele ekukholelweni ukuthi uNkulunkulu nokumiselwa kuye kwabakhetha ukuba bawine leyomali. . . . ‘Sithanda ukukholelwa ukuthi inhlanhla neshwa kubangelwa okuthile, hhayi ingozi,’ kusho uDkt. Jack A. Kapchan, uprofesa wokusebenza kwengqondo eYunivesithi yaseMiami. ‘Futhi kukhona yini okunye esingathi kubangelwa yikho ngaphandle kukaNkulunkulu?’”​—⁠The New York Times.

IBhayibheli lithini ngenhlanhla? Kwabangathembekile kwaIsrayeli, uJehova wathi: “Kepha nina enimshiya uJehova, nikhohlwe intaba yami engcwele, nihlelele iNhlanhla itafula, nigcwalisele isiMiselo iwayini elixutshanisiweyo.”​—⁠Isaya 65:⁠11.

Bangaki kwabawinayo abambalwa abemayo bacabange ukuthi inhlanhla yabo bodwa isekelwe eshweni lezigidi zabadliwayo? Ingabe ukugembula kuyalubonakalisa nganoma iyiphi indlela ‘uthando ngomakhelwane?’ Ingabe kunengqondo noma kungokweBhayibheli ukucabanga ukuthi iNkosi enguMbusi wendawo yonke kumelwe izihilele emikhubeni enjalo yobugovu njengokugembula?​—⁠Mathewu 22:⁠39.