Ukubuka Okwezwe
Izinto Eziza Kuqala Eziphendukezelwe
Izimo zokuphila ezilusizi emazweni asathuthuka bezingathuthuka kakhulu ukuba ohulumeni bebengalungisa isimiso sokusebenzisa izimali zesizwe, ngokomagazini waseNetherlands i-Internationale Samenwerking (Ukubambisana Kwezizwe Zonke). Usekela iziphetho zayo embikweni wamuva owakhishwa iDevelopment Program yeUN, lomagazini uthi “uma amazwe asathuthuka abenganciphisa nje imali ayisebenzisa ezikhalini,” abengalondoloza amaRandi ayizigidi zezigidi ezingu-27,5 ngonyaka. Imali engako, leyo umagazini oyibiza ngokuthi ingxenye yokuthula, ingakhokhela imfundo eyisisekelo, ukunakekelwa kwempilo okuyinhloko, ukudla okwanele, namanzi okuphuza angenazifo. Nokho, lomagazini uphawula futhi ukuthi amazwe amaningi “njengamanje achitha imali okungenani ephindwe kabili ezikhalini kunasemfundweni nasekunakekelweni kwempilo,” ubala amazwe anjengeAfrika, iAsia, neNingizimu Melika njengezibonelo.
Ukusekelwa Kukagwayi EAfrika
Njengoba ukubhema kusaqhubeka kubulala izigidi zabantu baseAfrika, izikhulu zezempilo zikhuluma ngokungagwegwesi. UDkt. Paul Wangai, inxusa leNhlangano Yezwe Yezempilo eKenya, eAfrika, uthi: “Ugwayi . . . uwukuphela komkhiqizo engiwaziyo obulalayo uma usetshenziswa ngendlela umenzi wayo ahlose ngayo.” Ngokwephephandaba laseAfrika eseningizimu iLesotho Today, “Minyaka yonke eAfrika kubhenywa ogwayi abayizigidi zezigidi ezingu-175.” Lokhu kusho ukuchitha imali elingana nephindeke kathathu nengxenye yezindleko zesizwe saseCôte d’Ivoire. UDkt. Wangai ugomela ngokuthi abenzi bakagwayi basizakala kabi ngokungabikho kwemingcele ekukhangiseni eAfrika kanye nangokungazi okusakazekile ngezingozi ezingokwempilo zokubhema. NgokweLesotho Today, engxenyeni enkulu yeAfrika ukukhangisa ngogwayi namaphakethe awo akunazo “izixwayiso ezingokwempilo njengoba kuyimfuneko emazweni asethuthukile.”
Indebe Engcolile Yenkululeko
Ukuwa kwemiGoqo Yensimbi kuye kwembula ukuthi iMpumalanga Yurophu igcwele izinkinga ezihilela indawo ezungezile, kusho iLondon Calling, iphephabhuku lezinhlelo leBroadcasting Corporation yaseBrithani. “Amafekthri amakhemikhali anganakekelwa, imigudu yamanzi engcolile, amahlathi afayo nemishini yenuzi engaphephile,” kubika leliphephabhuku, kumane nje kuyingxenye “yefa lendawo ezungezile elashiywa ubuKhomanisi . . . , isivuno esimuncu endebeni yenkululeko.”
“Ukulahlwa Kwasebegugile”
Izisebenzi zasezibhedlela zibiza lomkhuba ngokuthi ukulahlwa kwasebegugile. Amalungu emikhaya aletha isihlobo esigugile egumbini lasesibhedlela labembulwa bembeswa, ngokuvamile bekhala ngento ethile esemzimbeni engase idinge uchungechunge lokuhlola okubizayo nokulaliswa ubusuku obubodwa noma ngaphezulu. Ngemva kokuhlola, isibhedlela sizama ukuthintana nomkhaya walomuntu osegugile, sithole ukuthi ikheli nenombolo yocingo abakushiyile kungamanga. Amanye amakhaya asebegugile alandela umkhuba ofanayo. Lapho isakhamuzi esigugile sisesibhedlela, amane alalise omunye embhedeni waso—ngokuvamile ikhasimende elikhokha ngokwethembeka—bese enqaba lapho isibhedlela sizama ukubuyisa isiguli. Ngokukamagazini iNewsweek, ochwepheshe bayavuma ukuthi lomkhuba uyanda. Uphawula ukuthi kokunye ukuhlola okwenziwa ngokwethukela, “abanye odokotela babika iziguli ezigugile ezicishe zibe isishiyagalombili ezilahlelwa emagumbini alabo abembulwa bembeswa masonto onke.”
Ukubhola Emithanjeni
Odokotela eAustralia basebenzisa ithuluzi elisha elingavamile ekuvuleni imithambo yenhliziyo evalekile, kubika umagazini iAsiaweek. Njengoba libizwa ngokuthi iRotablator, lelithuluzi linesihloko esincane esimbozwe izinkulungwane zezinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu zedayimane. Njengoba isihloko sijikeleza ngemijikelezo engu-190 000 ngomzuzu, sivula imithambo evalekile enecalcium eningi, siyigaya ibe izinhlayiya ezicolisakele kakhulu ukuba zingadala ingozi yokufa uhlangothi ngokubambeka ebuchosheni. Igazi limane liyikhukhule ngendlela ephephile. NgokweAsiaweek, lelithuluzi linemba kangangokuthi “emibonisweni livula umgodi oqweqweni lweqanda eliluhlaza ngaphandle kokubhoboza ulwebu lwangaphakathi.”
Ingabe Umuntu Okahle Ongalingiswa?
“Ngingungqingili!” Lamazwi ashiwo umthombo omangazayo muva nje—umdlali oqavile wencwadi ehlekisayo. UNorthstar, umdlali oqavile waseCanada ogqoka isudi elibomvu wencwadi ehlekisayo ethandwayo enyatheliswa iMarvel Comics, wavezwa kweyamuva ethi ungungqingili. Nakuba esikhathini esidlule lomdlali ayebizwa ngokuthi “impohlo efaneleka kakhulu yaseCanada,” sekuyisikhathi eside ongqingili besola ukuthi wayehloselwe ukuba abe ungqingili, ngokweDaily News yaseNew York. Amaqembu ongqingili asihalalisela lesambulo samuva, esiqokonyiswa esembozweni salencwadi ehlekisayo ngalamazwi: “UNorthstar Ngendlela Ongakaze Umazi Ngayo Ngaphambili!” Njengomzali, ingabe ubheka ungqingili njengomuntu okahle ongase alingiswe abantwana bakho? IZwi likaNkulunkulu iBhayibheli lilahla labo ‘abasha ngokukhanukelana, abesilisa kwabesilisa.’ Libiza lokho abakwenzayo ngokuthi “kuyichilo.”—Roma 1:24-27.
Isihlahla Esingenasiqu
“Njengamanje, asisenayo incazelo yembulunga yonke yokuzivelela kokuphila emhlabeni,” kusho iFigaro-Magazine yaseParis. Ibika ngengqungquthela yomhlaba wonke eyayiseBlois, eFrance, lapho izazi zesayensi eziphambili ezingu-200 ezivela emhlabeni wonke zahlangana khona zizoxoxa ngemvelaphi yokuphila, lomagazini waphawula ukuthi “izimfundiso ezindala ziyawohloka.” Lomagazini ufushanisa ukukhulumela kwezazi zesayensi eziningana ngalendlela: “Imfundiso kaDarwin ingachaza inani elithile lezinto ezingabalulekile kodwa hhayi amazinga abalulekile okuziphendukela kwemvelo, njengokubonakala kwezitho ezintsha noma izinhlobo ezintsha zokuhleleka njengezinyoni noma izilwane ezinemigogodla.” Sikhulumela imihosha emikhulu egcwele kulemfundiso, isazi semivubukulo uRobert Fondi sathi: “Uma sibheka ngeso lengqondo isihlahla sokuziphendukela kwemvelo, kunamaqabunga namagatsha ambalwa kuphela kodwa alikho iqhubu noma isiqu. Siyisihlahla esingenakukwazi ukuma!”
Abagula Ngengqondo Nabangenamakhaya
Inani labantu abangenamakhaya nabagula ngengqondo liyaqhubeka linyuka eUnited States. Eqinisweni, izinhlu zaleliqembu elihawulayo lanyuka ngamaphesenti angu-7 onyakeni nje odlule, ngokokuhlolwa kwamadolobha angu-21 aseNyakatho Melika okwenziwa iConference of Mayors yaseU.S. Lamadolobha angu-21 abika ingqikithi elinganiselwa ku-208 000 yabangenamakhaya, cishe ingxenye yabo yesithathu—abantu abangu-69 000—igula kakhulu ngengqondo. Lokhu kuhlola kwakuhlanganisa amadolobha amathathu amakhulu kakhulu ezweni—iNew York, iChicago, neLos Angeles. Abanye abaphathi bamadolobha engqungqutheleni bakhononda ngokuthi lenkinga ngokwengxenye enkulu ibangelwa ukungaxhasi kukahulumeni ukunakekelwa kwempilo engokwengqondo yabantu abakhubazeke ngokwengqondo.
Ukwenyuka Kwezinga Lokushisa Lomhlaba
Iminyaka yawo-1980 yayiyishumi leminyaka elishisayo. IPerspectives, umagazini onyatheliswa i-International Institute for Environment and Development, ibika ukuthi “iminyaka eyisithupha kweyisikhombisa eyayishisa kakhulu enkathini eyiminyaka engu-140 okuye kwagcinwa kuyo imibhalo yezinga lokushisa yonke iye yaba khona kusukela ngo-1980.” Futhi ngokwemininingwane eyakhishwa iMeteorological Office yaseBrithani, u-1990 kwakungunyaka oshisa kunayo yonke emlandweni. Lokhu kwaziswa, kusho iPerspectives, “kuqinisekisa ukuthi isilinganiso sezinga lokushisa elisemkhathini lomoya liyanyuka futhi kunikeza ubufakazi obusha bokuthi imbulunga isiqalisile ukushisa.”
Izinja ZaseParis
Njengoba kunenja eyodwa kulabo nalabobantu abayishumi, iParis, eFrance, iyaziqhenya ngokuba nezinja eziningi kanazo zonke izinhloko-dolobha zaseYurophu. Lezinja ezingu-200 000 zishiya indle engamathani ayishumi emigwaqweni nsuku zonke. Idolobha lichitha amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-22 ngonyaka ukuze liqashe izisebenzi ezigibela izithuthuthu ezikhuculula cishe ingxenye yaleyondle, kuyilapho enye kucatshangwa ukuthi ikhukhulekela emapayipini. Nokho, ingxenye enkulu yalento enyanyisayo isala ezindleleni zedolobha zabahamba ngezinyawo kangangokuba iyisikhalo sesithathu esivame kakhulu esenziwa abantu baseParis ngedolobha labo. Lelidolobha manje liqalisa umkhankaso wokuphoqelela imithetho eyala abantu ukuba baphiphe izinja zabo.
Inhlupho Yobugebengu Bentsha
“Ubuhlongandlebe bentsha buyanda. Buye baphindeka kabili eminyakeni emihlanu edlule. Buye banda ngengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu ezinyangeni nje ezimbalwa ezidlule.” Lolu uhlangothi olubi oluvezwa izibalo ngokwanda kobugebengu bentsha eNtaliyane phakathi kuka-1986 no-1990, ngokwephephandaba iRepubblica. Izenzakalo zokulimaza ngokomzimba okubi okwenziwa ngo-1986 zazingu-3 064, kuyilapho ngo-1990 kwakunobugebengu obunjalo obungu-6 092 obabuhilela intsha. Kwakunezenzakalo ezingu-715 zokushushumbisa nokusebenzisa izidakamizwa ngo-1986, uma kuqhathaniswa nezingu-2 113 ngo-1990. Ngokudabukisayo, iNtaliyane akuyona yodwa enalokhu. KuyiSecond International Conference on Security, eyayiseParis ngoNovember, kwachazwa ukuthi ngaphandle kweJapane, ubugebengu bentsha buyanda kuyo yonke indawo emhlabeni.
“Onogolantethe Basebusuku”
EBrazil, umagazini iVeja ubika ukuthi inhlangano yomshoshaphansi yabesifazane ishiya abantwana eminyango yemikhaya ecebile. Ngemva kokushiya umntwana, bayangqongqoza bese bebaleka bayobukela besemotweni emile eseduze. Kamuva ngalobobusuku bashayela lowomkhaya ucingo bengazichazi, bewunxusa ukuba uzithathele lowomntwana. Lowomkhaya awube usathintwa yilabo besifazane. IVeja ibika ukuthi eminyakeni eyisithupha edlule, imikhaya engu-60 ecebile eFeira de Santana, eBrazil, iye yabathola kanjalo abantwana abasanda kuzalwa emnyango. Iqembu labesifazane, elaziwa ngokuthi “onogolantethe basebusuku,” kuthiwa lizama ukusiza abantwana abalahliwe, kodwa lomkhuba kuyaphikiswana ngawo. UMárcia Serra Negra, ummeli nochwepheshe kwezemikhaya, ucashunwa ethi: “Lokho onogolantethe abakwenzayo kuwuhlobo oluthile lokuphoqelela.”