Okwenza Indawo Yomsebenzi Ibe Yingozi
“Kunabantu abaningi abafela emsebenzini kunalabo abafa ezingozini zomgwaqo.” Leso kwakuyisihloko esikhulu sesithombe esasakazwa yi-WorkCover, inhlangano yezokuphepha eNew South Wales, e-Australia.
KODWA-KE, izingozi ezibulalayo zimane nje ziyingxenye yale nkinga. Unyaka ngamunye, izigidi zilimala kabi emsebenzini, ngisho nangendlela eshintsha ukuphila kwazo. Abanye abaningi bafa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngenxa yokuchayeka ezintweni eziyingozi emsebenzini noma ngenxa yokucindezeleka okusemsebenzini.
Njengoba ukufa okubangelwa umsebenzi nokulimala kabi kwenzeka cishe kuyo yonke imikhakha yezezimboni nezohwebo, kuyafaneleka ukuba sibuze: Uphephe kangakanani ngempela endaweni osebenza kuyo? Yiziphi izimo ezingasongela impilo nokuphila kwakho lapho?
Isimo Esicindezelayo
Ngokuvamile izisebenzi zicindezelwa kanzima ukuba zifeze okuthé xaxa. EJapane igama elithi karoshi—“ukubulawa umsebenzi okhandlayo”—laqala ukusetshenziswa yimikhaya eshonelwe ezicelweni zesinxephezelo. Ngokocwaningo olwenziwa kulelo zwe laseJapane eminyakeni edlule, izisebenzi zasemahhovisi ezingamaphesenti angu-40 zazinovalo lokuthi zizobulawa ukusebenza ngokweqile. Ummeli owayesebenza ngalezi zicelo zezinxephezelo walinganisela ukuthi “kunezisulu ezibalelwa ku-30 000 ezibulawa yi-karoshi eJapane unyaka ngamunye.”
Amaphoyisa aseJapane abonisa ukuthi izinkinga ezihlobene nomsebenzi ziyimbangela eyinhloko yokwanda kwabantu abazibulalayo abaneminyaka engu-50 kuya kwengu-59 ubudala. Ngokwencwadi ethi The Violence-Prone Workplace, inkantolo yathwesa umqashi othile icala ngenxa yokuzibulala kwesisebenzi esasikhungethwe yizinkinga zasemsebenzini.
Iphephandaba lase-Australia i-Canberra Times lathi ‘amaMelika asethathelé amaJapane isikhundla ngokusebenza isikhathi eside kunabo bonke abantu emhlabeni.’ Ngakho, imibiko yezindaba enezihloko ezinjengesithi “Ukusebenza Isikhathi Eside Kukhandla Abantu Baze Bafe” ilandisa ngezisebenzi ezitubekile, njengabashayeli bama-ambulensi, bezindiza, izisebenzi zokwakha, izisebenzi zezokuthula nalabo abasebenza ebusuku abafela emsebenzini.
Njengoba izinkampani zihlela kabusha futhi zidiliza izisebenzi ukuze ziqhubeke zithola inzuzo, izisebenzi zicindezelwa nakakhulu ukuba zifeze okuthé xaxa. I-British Medical Journal yabika ukuthi ukudiliza izisebenzi kunomphumela oyingozi empilweni yazo.
Ubudlova Emsebenzini
Izisebenzi ezikhandlekile nezicindezelekile aziyona ingozi kuzo ngokwazo kuphela. Inhlolo-vo yaseBrithani yathola ukuthi izisebenzi eziningi zasehhovisi zichitha cishe lonke usuku zicasukele ezinye izisebenzi nokuthi izingxabano ezinjalo zivame ukubangela ukuqhuma kwentukuthelo okunobudlova.
Umagazini i-Business Week uthi: “Kubulawa izisebenzi ezingaba ngu-15 emsebenzini isonto ngalinye eMelika.” I-Harvard Business Review iyaphawula: “Ayikho imenenja ekuthandayo ukuxoxa ngobudlova basemsebenzini. Kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi minyaka yonke amakhulu ezisebenzi ahlasela noma aze abulale ezinye izisebenzi.”
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abaningi babhekana nobudlova emsebenzini behlaselwa amakhasimende abo. Umbiko wamacala obugebengu e-Australia ubonisa ukuthi abanye odokotela besaba ukuhlaselwa ngobudlova kangangokuba bahamba nothile lapho bevakashela iziguli emakhaya. Abanye abasengozini bahlanganisa amaphoyisa nothisha.
Olunye uhlobo lobudlova basemsebenzini ukuhlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo, i-International Labor Organization ekubheka njengobudlova obungokwengqondo. Uhlobo oluyinhloko lwalokhu kuhlukumeza ukuqinela abanye.
UProfesa Robert L. Veninga wase-University of Minnesota, e-U.S.A., ubika ukuthi “ukucindezeleka nokugula okukubangelayo kuthinta izisebenzi cishe kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba.” Waphawula ukuthi “inkinga eyinhloko ngokwe-World Labor Report ka-1993 ye-United Nations’ International Labor Organization, iwukuthi ukucindezeleka kubangelwa yizindawo zomsebenzi ezingenakho ukukhathalela, ezishintsha njalo, futhi ezinobutha.”
Ngakho umbuzo uwukuthi, Yini abaqashi nezisebenzi abangayenza ukuze indawo yomsebenzi iphephe kakhudlwana? Lokhu kuzocatshangelwa esihlokweni esilandelayo.