Kuumirira Mwambo Kodi Ndiko Chiyani?

KODI kuumirira mwambo kunayambira kuti? Kumapeto kwa zaka za zana lapita, akatswiri a zaumulungu ololera anali kusintha zimene anakhulupirira kuti alole maphunziro apamwamba ofufuza Baibulo ndi nthanthi za sayansi, monga chisinthiko. Chotero, anthu anasiya kulidalira Baibulo. Atsogoleri achipembedzo osunga mwambo ku United States anachitapo kanthu mwa kukhazikitsa zimene anatcha mfundo zazikulu za zikhulupiriro.a Kuchiyambi cha zaka za zana la 20, anafalitsa nkhani ya mfundo zimenezi mumpambo wa mabuku otchedwa The Fundamentals: A Testimony to the Truth. Liwu lakuti “fundamentalism” (kuumirira mwambo) latengedwa pa mutu umenewu.

M’theka loyamba la zaka za zana la 20, nkhani ya kuumirira mwambo inali kutuluka kaŵirikaŵiri. Mwachitsanzo, mu 1925, oumirira mwambo wachipembedzo anapititsa kukhoti mphunzitsi wotchedwa John Scopes wa ku Tennessee, U.S.A., pa umene unatchedwa mlandu wa Scopes. Zimene analakwa? Anali kuphunzitsa chisinthiko, ndipo lamulo la boma silinalole zimenezo. Masikuwo, ena ankakhulupirira kuti kuumirira mwambo sikudzakhalitsa. Mu 1926, Christian Century, magazini yachiprotesitanti, inatero kuti iko kunali “kopanda pake ndi konyengezera” ndi “kopandiratu mikhalidwe yachipambano yoyenera kapena yokhalitsa.” Zonenazo zinali zolakwika chotani nanga!

Kuyambira m’ma 1970, kuumirira mwambo kwatuluka m’nkhani nthaŵi zonse. Profesa Miroslav Volf, wa pa Fuller Theological Seminary, California, U.S.A., akuti: “Kuumirira mwambo sikunangopitiriza chabe, komanso kwafalikira.” Lerolino, liwulo “kuumirira mwambo” silimangogwira ntchito pamagulu achiprotesitanti okha komanso ndi a zipembedzo zina, zonga Chikatolika, Chisilamu, Chiyuda, ndi Chihindu.

Kwakhalako Chifukwa cha Masiku Athu Ano

Nchifukwa ninji kuumirira mwambo kwafalikira? Amene amakupenda amati chifukwa china ndicho kusokonezeka kwa anthu ponena za makhalidwe abwino ndi chipembedzo masiku athu ano. Kale mafuko ochuluka anali kuwadziŵa makhalidwe abwino potsata mwambo wawo. Tsopano zimene anakhulupirirazo ena amazikayikira kapena kuzitsutsa. Anzeru ambiri amatero kuti Mulungu kulibe ndi kuti munthu ali yekha m’chilengedwe chosamdziŵa. Asayansi ambiri amaphunzitsa kuti anthu anakhalako mwa chisinthiko chongochitika chokha, osati kuti analengedwa ndi Mlengi wachikondi. Mzimu wolekerera zinthu uli ponseponse. Dziko lawonongeka chifukwa chosoŵa makhalidwe kulikonse kumene mungayang’ane m’chitaganya.​—2 Timoteo 3:4, 5, 13.

Oumirira mwambo amalakalaka zakale zomwe anali kudziŵa, ndipo ena a iwo amayesa kukakamiza mafuko awo ndi maiko awo kuti atsate mwambo woyenera ndi ziphunzitso zake. Amachita zonse zotheka pokakamiza ena kuti atsate malamulo “olongosoka” a makhalidwe ndi zikhulupiriro zawo ponena za ziphunzitso. Woumirira mwambo amakhulupiriradi kuti iye ali bwino ndi kuti ena onse ngolakwa. Profesa James Barr, m’buku lakuti Fundamentalism, akutero kuti mawu a kuumirira mwambo “kaŵirikaŵiri amamveka audani ndi onyoza, osonyeza kusalolera, liuma, kutsutsa ndi mpatuko.”

Popeza palibe amene amakonda kutchedwa wosalolera, waliuma, kapena wampatuko, si onse amene amamvana ponena za amene ali woumirira mwambo ndi amene saali. Komabe, pali mbali zina zimene zimasonyeza kuumirira mwambo wachipembedzo.

Kumdziŵa Woumirira Mwambo

Kaŵirikaŵiri kuumirira mwambo wachipembedzo ndiko kuyesa kusunga zimene akhulupirira kuti ndizo miyambo yoyambirira kapena zikhulupiriro zoyambirira zachipembedzo za fuko lakutilakuti ndi kutsutsa zimene amaganiza kuti ndizo mzimu waudziko wa dzikoli. Zimenezi sizitanthauza kuti oumirira mwambo amatsutsa zinthu zamakono zonse. Ena amagwiritsira ntchito bwino lomwe njira zamakono zomvanirana kufalitsira malingaliro awo. Koma safuna kuti chitaganya chikhale chaudziko.b

Oumirira mwambo ena ngotsimikiza osati chabe kudzisungira okha mwambo wa ziphunzitso kapena moyo wawo komanso kuziumiriza pa ena, kusintha chikhalidwe cha anthu kuti chigwirizane ndi zikhulupiriro za oumirira mwambowo. Chifukwa chake, Mkatolika woumirira mwambo samangokana kuchotsa mimba. Angakakamizenso opanga malamulo m’dziko lake kuti apange malamulo oletsa kuchotsa mimba. Ku Poland, malinga ndi nyuzipepala ya La Repubblica, Tchalitchi cha Katolika chinachita “‘nkhondo’ imene chinagwiritsiramo ntchito mphamvu yake yonse ndi chisonkhezero chake” kuti lamulo loletsa kuchotsa mimba livomerezedwe. Motero, akuluakulu a tchalitchi anali kuchitadi ngati oumirira mwambo. Bungwe la Christian Coalition lachiprotesitanti ku United States limamenya “nkhondo” zonga zimenezo.

Oumirira mwambo amasiyana ndi ena onse chifukwa cha zikhulupiriro zawo zachipembedzo zolimba. Chotero, Mprotesitanti woumirira mwambo amachirikiza motsimikiza lingaliro lakuti Baibulo limafunika kulimasulira monga momwe lilili, ngakhale chikhulupiriro chakuti dziko lapansi linalengedwa m’masiku enieni asanu ndi limodzi. Mkatolika woumirira mwambo samakayikira kusalakwa kwa papa.

Choncho, nzomveka chifukwa chake liwulo “kuumirira mwambo” limakumbutsa za kutengeka maganizo kosalingalira ndi chifukwa chake aja amene sali oumirira mwambo amatekeseka poona kuumirira mwambo kukufalikira. Monga munthu payekha, sitingavomerezane ndi oumirira mwambo ndipo tingadabwe ndi kuloŵerera kwawo m’ndale ndi chiwawa chawo nthaŵi zina. Inde, oumirira mwambo a chipembedzo china angachite kakasi ndi zochita za aja a chipembedzo china! Komabe, anthu ambiri oganiza akuda nkhaŵa ndi zinthu zomwe zimasonkhezera kuti kuumirira mwambo kufalikire​—kulekerera makhalidwe oipa komakula, kutaya chikhulupiriro, ndi kukana mkhalidwe wauzimu m’chitaganya chamakono.

Kodi kuumirira mwambo ndiyo njira yokha yochitira ndi zizoloŵezi zimenezi? Ngati sindiyo, kodi njira ina njotani?

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 5]

Mu 1926 magazini yachiprotesitanti inatero kuti kuumirira mwambo kunali “kopanda pake ndi konyengezera” ndi “kopandiratu mikhalidwe yachipambano yoyenera kapena yokhalitsa”