Pane Chingaitwa Here?
UNOFANIRA kuita sei nechinhu chausingadi? “Chirase” ndiyo inoita semhinduro iri nyore yaungatarisira kuwana. Zvisinei, kurasa zvinhu hakusi nyore. Kuchirasa kupi? Sangano rinoona nezvakatikomberedza rokuItaly rinofungidzira kuti bhodhoro rinokandwa mugungwa rinopedza makore 1 000 kuti riore. Kusiyana neizvi, matishu anoora mumwedzi mitatu chete. Chigusvani chefodya chinogara mugungwa kusvika kumakore mashanu; mapepa epurasitiki anoita makore 10 kusvika 20; zvinhu zvenaironi zvinotora makore 30 kusvika ku40; magaba anotora makore 500; uye purasitiki yakaomarara inotora makore 1 000.
Kuwanda kwemarara akadaro kwakawedzera zvikuru. Mazuva ano kune zvinhu zvakawanda zvokutengesa, uye vezvokushambadza vanoda kuti tifunge kuti tinozvida zvose. Pepanhau rokuBritain rinonzi The Guardian rinotaura nemashoko mashoma kuti: “Vanoshambadza vanoita kuti tizadzise zvido zvataisaziva kuti tinazvo.” Chokwadi, tinova nomuedzo wokuti titenge zvinhu zvitsva zvinenge zvichiwanikwa, kuitira kuti tisapotswa nechimwe chinhu chitsva. Uye chokwadi, mumashoko okushambadza “chitsva” chinoreva “chakanaka uye chinokunda zvimwe,” nepo “chitsaru” chichireva “chisingakoshi uye chekare.”
Nokudaro, kakawanda tinokurudzirwa kutenga chimwe chinhu chitsva pane kugadzirisa chitsaru. Zvinotaurwa kuti kutsiva zvinhu zvekare nezvitsva kunochengeta mari pane kuzvigadzirisa. Dzimwe nguva izvozvo ndozvazviri. Zvisinei, kakawanda kurasa zvekare nokuzvitsiva nezvitsva kunodhura uye hakukoshi.
Zvinhu zvakawanda nhasi zvinogadzirwa kuti zvizoraswa. Zvinogona kunge zvichinetsa kugadzirisa—chinhu chokufunga nezvacho kana munhu achitenga zvinhu. Imwe magazini yevatengi yokuGermany yakati: “Urefu hwenguva inogarwa nezvinhu huri kuramba huchiderera. Zvinenge zviri zvitsva nhasi mangwana zvave zvitsaru uye kakawanda zvinoraswa. Nokudaro, zvinhu zvinokosha zvinoshandiswa pakugadzira zvinhu nhasi mangwana zvinenge zvave marara asingabatsiri!”
Kutenga kusingadzorwi kwose uku kunobatsira mutengi here? Chokwadi ndechokuti vanobatsirwa ndevemabhizimisi vanoda kuva nemazakwatira emari. Pepanhau rinobuda pavhiki rokuSwitzerland rinonzi Die Weltwoche rinoti: “Upfumi hungatoparara chete kana munhu aizoshandisa midziyo yake nemotokari yake kwoupenyu hwose uye kunyange kwemakore anopetwa kaviri kupfuura zvaanoita zvino.” Kuparara kwoupfumi handiyo mhinduro yacho, nokuti izvi zvinoita kuti vatengi vacho vashaye mabasa. Saka zvino chinetso chokuwandisa kwemarara chingapera sei?
Kuzvirasa Here, Kuzvigadzira Patsva, Kana Kuti Kuzvideredza?
Dzimwe nyika dzakabudirira dzinongoita zviri nyore nokurasa marara adzo munyika dzichiri kubudirira. Somuenzaniso, mumwe mushumo unoratidza kuti “pane imwe nzvimbo inozivikanwa kwazvo muNigeria pakawanikwa pane matani 3 500 omuchetura waibuda mumadhiramu 8 000 aidyiwa nengura, uchikuvadza zvose ivhu nokushatisa mvura yomuvhu.” Nzira yakadaro yokurasa nayo marara inoratidzika kuti handiyo nzira yokupedza chinetso chacho kana kuva nzira yakanaka yokubata vamwe.
Zvakadini nokugadzira patsva zvinhu zvisingadiwi kuti zvishandiswezve pane kungozvirasa? Chokwadi, zvirongwa zvakadaro zvinoda kuti vatengi varonge marara avo maererano nemarudzi awo, zvinova ndizvo zvava kutodiwa nomutemo mune dzimwe nzvimbo. Vakuru vakuru vangakumbira kuti marara arongwe muzvikamu zvakadai semapepa, makadhibhokisi, simbi, magirazi netsvina yemhuka. Magirazi anobva arongwa maererano noruvara.
Kugadzira patsva kune zvakwakanakira. Bhuku rinonzi 5000 Days to Save the Planet rinoti kubika patsva aluminum “kunochengetedza simba rakawanda” uye kunogona “kuderedza kukuvadzwa kunoitwa zvakatipoteredza kunokonzerwa nokucherwa kwematombo anoshandiswa kuigadzira.” Bhuku racho rinowedzera kuti: “Pakuwanda kwemapepa anogadzirwa, kuagadzira patsva kunoshandisa hafu chete yesimba, uye chikamu chimwe mugumi chemvura. . . . Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinoraswa zvinogona kuwanikwazve, kugadzirwa patsva uye kushandiswazve. . . . Kunyange apo maindasitiri anenge asingagoni kushandisazve marara awo, anogona kuagadzira patsva kuti ashandiswe nevamwe. . . MuHolland, mubatanidzwa wokuchinjana marara wave uchishanda zvinobudirira kubvira kutanga kwema1970.”
Pane kutsvaka nzira dzokurasa marara, vamwe vakuru vakuru vari kunyanya kukoshesa kudzivisa kumbova nemarara kwacho. Bhuku rataurwa pamusoro rinonyevera kuti “chimwe chinhu chinofanira kuitwa nokukurumidza” kana vanhu “vachizorega kurasa marara . . . kuti vatange kuchengetedza zvinhu vachideredza marara uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwavo zviwanikwa.”
Zvisinei, vaya vanoda ku“rega kurasa zvinhu” vanotofanira kunge vachida kushandisa zvinhu zvavanotenga kwenguva yakareba, vachizozvirasa chete kana zvisisagadziriki. Zvinhu zvisingadiwi asi zvinogona kushandisika zvinofanira kupiwa vamwe vanogona kuzvishandisa. Hofisi iri muDarmstadt, Germany, yeÖko-Institut (Sangano reZvakatikomberedza) inoti musha une mutemo wokuti “Shandisa pane kutenga zvimwe” unova nemarara akaderera ne75 kubva muzana kupfuura angaitwa nemisha mizhinji.
Asi misha yakakwana ingaita izvozvo here? Zvinoita sezvisina kudaro. Chinetso chevanhu chokuva nemarara chiratidzo bedzi chenyaya huru. Pavanhu vanhasi vanongorasa zvinhu, vanhu vakawanda nhasi vava neyatingati pfungwa yokuda kungorasa. Ngationgorore mafungiro iwayo—uye zvinhu zvakaipisisa zvaangakonzera.
Chakaipira Pfungwa Yokuda Kungorasa Zvinhu
Pfungwa yokuda kungorasa zvinhu inogona kupfuura kungorasa zvinhu zvishoma. Inogona kuita kuti vanhu vasaonga uye vasafunga, zvokuti vanorasa kudya kwakawanda kusina kumbobatwa uye zvimwe zvinhu. Vaya vane udyire uye vanodzorwa nefashoni uye kungoda zvimwe zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana vangagara vachinzwa kumanikidzirwa kutenga dzimwe mbatya, midziyo, nezvimwe zvinhu zvitsva ivo vane zvimwe zvichakanaka.
Zvisinei, pfungwa yokuda kungorasa inogona kupfuura pakuda kurasa zvinhu chete. Chimwe chirongwa chokuGermany chinoita basa rokutora zvinhu zvomumba zvinenge zvaraswa chakati: “Mabatiro atinoita masofa, atinenge tisingachadi uye anoraswa kwapera makore mashanu kuti atsiviwe nematsva, ari kutevedzerwa achifanana nemabatiro atinoita vanhu. Nyaya iri pakuti vanhu vari munzanga yedu vangashivirira izvi kusvika papi.” Mushumo wacho unotsanangura kuti: “Kana munhu ave kutadza kunatsa kuita basa kwazvo, anotsiviwa nomumwe. Nokutika pane vashandi vakawanda vanogona kuwanikwa!”
Mubhuku rake rinonzi Earth in the Balance, aimbova mutevedzeri womutungamiriri weUnited States, Al Gore akabvunza mubvunzo unokosha wokuti: “Kana takasvika pakuona zvinhu zvatinoshandisa sezvinogona kungoraswa, tashandura here maonero atinoita vamwe vanhu? . . . Patinoita kudaro, tarasikirwa nokukoshesa kusiyana kwatakaita here?”
Vanhu vasingakoshesi kana kuremekedza vamwe vanozviona zviri nyore—uye vasina mhosva—kusiyana neshamwari kana vavakaroorana navo. Richitaura nezvemafungiro aya, pepanhau rokuGermany rinonzi Süddeutsche Zeitung rinoti: “Kaviri pagore tinotenga mbatya itsva, makore mana oga oga tinotenga motokari itsva, uye makore gumi oga oga tinotenga masofa matsva; gore negore tinotsvaka nzvimbo itsva yokushanyira; tinochinja misha, mabasa, mabhizimisi—ko tingazotadza nei kuchinja vatakaroorana navo?”
Vamwe vanhu vanoita sevanoda kurasa chinhu chose kana chave kuvapa zvinetso. Somuenzaniso, mune imwe nyika yokuEurope, katsi dzinofungidzirwa kuva 100 000 nembwa dzinofungidzirwa kuva 96 000 dzakaraswa muna 1999 nevaridzi vadzo. Mumwe anofarira kuchengetwa kwemhuka zvakanaka ikoko anoti vamwe vaanogara navo “havaoni kuchengeta chipfuwo sechinhu chokuita nguva dzose. Vanotenga mbwanana muna September, voirasa [papera gore pavanoenda kunoshanya] muna August.” Zvakatoipa zvikuru, pfungwa yokuda kungorasa zvinhu inosvika paupenyu hwomunhu chaipo.
Kusaremekedza Upenyu
Vakawanda nhasi vanoita sevanofunga kuti upenyu hwavo pachavo hahukoshi. Vanodaro sei? Somuenzaniso, imwe magazini yokuEurope yakataura kuti kuda kunoita vechiduku kuita zvinhu zvine ngozi mumakore achangopfuura kwawedzera. Izvi zvinogona kuonekwa mukuwedzera kuda kwavo kuita mitambo ine ngozi. Nokuda kwokunakidzwa kwenguva pfupi, vanoda kuisa upenyu hwavo pangozi! Vezvemabhizimisi vane makaro vanotora mukana wemaitiro iwaya. Mumwe wezvematongerwe enyika wokuGermany akataura kuti vanosimudzira mitambo ine ngozi “kakawanda vanofunga zvokuita mari zvikuru kupfuura zvavanoita utano noupenyu hwevanhu.”
Uye zvakadini nokurasa upenyu hwomunhu husati hwaberekwa? World Health Organisation inofungidzira kuti “pasi pose vana vanosvika mamiriyoni 75 vanonambwa gore negore havadiwi chero naani zvake. Kune vakadzi vakawanda, kubvisa pamuviri ndiko kuzvipedza.” Kunyange vaberekwa, vacheche vari mungozi. Maererano nepepanhau rokuBrazil rinonzi O Estado de S. Paulo, “nyaya dzevacheche vanoraswa mumigwagwa dziri kuramba dzichiwedzera.” Izvi ndizvo zviri kuitika kwaunogara here?
Kwose kwakatipota munyika yanhasi, tinoona uchapupu hwokuti kakawanda upenyu hwomunhu hunoonekwa sohusingakoshi, husina basa, sechimwe chinhu chinofanira kuraswa. Tinoona izvi mukurwisana kunoitwa mumitambo yokuvaraidza yakakurumbira, inenge ine “magamba” anenge achiuraya “vanhu vakaipa” vakawanda mufirimu kana kuti purogiramu yeterevhizheni imwe. Tinozviona pakurwisana kunoramba kuchiitwa pasi pose, apo mbavha dzinourayira vanhu tumari tushomanana—kana kuti pasina nechikonzero chose. Uye tinozviona munhau mumishumo inotambudza pfungwa yemabasa ougandanga, kuparadza mamwe madzinza, uye kuparadza rudzi, zvose zvichibatanidza kuuraya vanhu pamwero mukuru woutsinye—upenyu hunokosha huchiraswa semarara.
Tingasagona kubva munyika inongorasa zvinhu, asi tinogona kudzivisa kuva nepfungwa dzokuda kungorasa zvinhu. Nyaya inotevera ichakurukura chinogona kutibatsira kuti tigone kurarama munzanga yanhasi ine vanhu vanongorasa-rasa zvinhu pamwe nemafungiro asina kunaka anobatanidzwa nakwo.
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Kunzvimbo dzakawanda, mutemo unoti zvinhu zvinofanira kugadzirwa patsva kuti zvishandiswezve
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Fashoni dzinochinja dzinokumanikidza kurasa mbatya dzakanaka wotenga dzimwe itsva here?
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Mwana asati aberekwa anofanira kudiwa, kwete kuraswa
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Index Stock Photography Inc./BSIP Agency
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Upenyu hunokosha kwazvo zvokusafanira kuiswa pangozi nokuda kwemafaro bedzi