Nea Enti a Ebinom Nkenkan Ade

NNIPA pii bu akenkan sɛ ɛyɛ adwuma. Dɛn ntia? Ade biako ne sɛ, ebinom ansua sɛnea wɔkenkan ade ankasa bere a wɔkɔ sukuu no. Ɔbea bi a wadi mfe 34 kae sɛ bere biara a ɔbɛhwɛ krataa bi a wɔatintim so no, nea ohu ara ne “biribi a ne nyinaa aka abom” a ɛnkyerɛ hwee. Ɛtɔ bere bi a, egye no bɛyɛ simma abien na ɔde akenkan asɛm biako.

Ɛnkyɛe na ntoaso sukuuni bi samanaa Asoɛe a ɛhwɛ San Francisco Mantam no sukuu ho nsɛm so no a ɔregye wɔn dɔla ɔpepem fã esiane sɛ wɔmaa no ntoaso sukuu adansedi krataa bere a onnya nyɛɛ obi a onim nhoma yiye no nti. Sɛnea na amanneɛbɔ no kyerɛ no, na n’akenkan te sɛ obi a ogyina mangoo anum anaa asia de bere a onyaa n’adansedi krataa no. Esiane eyi nti, bere a na ɔrehwehwɛ adwuma no, na ohu sɛ ontumi nni akwammisa nkrataasin no ho dwuma yiye. Ɛbɛyɛ dɛn na eyi atumi aba saa?

Akwan Ahorow a Wɔfa So Kyerɛkyerɛ

Nea ɛyɛ awerɛhow no, hwɛ sɛnea akwan ahorow bi a wɔfa so kyerɛkyerɛ akenkan no tɔ sin kɛse. Wɔ nnansa yi mfe no mu no, wɔakasa atia “hwɛ na ka” kwan a wɔfa so kyerɛkyerɛ no kɛse. Wɔ saa kwan yi so no, wɔkyerɛkyerɛ sukuufo no sɛ wɔnhwɛ nsɛmfua no nyinaa bere a wontumi mmobɔ nsɛm ntiantiaa ne nkyerɛwde a ɛka bom yɛ saa nsɛmfua no din no. Nea enye wɔ eyi ho titiriw no ne sɛ ɛma wɔyɛ akenkanfo a wɔbɔ wɔn tirim bobɔ nsɛmfua din a wontumi mmobɔ nsɛmfua afoforo a wohyia din na wontumi nkenkan ade yiye esiane sɛ wɔde nsɛmfua a ɛne ne ho sesɛ no frafra nti.

Sɛ nhwɛso no: Wɔ ne nhoma Why Johnny Still Can’t Read no mu no, ɔkyerɛwfo Rudolf Flesch san tintim krataa bi a ne nsa ka fii ɔbea bi a ɔno ankasa kae sɛ “hwɛ na ka” kwan no na wɔfaa so kyerɛkyerɛɛ no akenkan no nkyɛn no. Ɔbea no kae sɛ: “Na yetumi hwɛ mfonini ahorow no, sɛ nhwɛso no, paya. Ɔkyerɛkyerɛfo no ka kyerɛ yɛn sɛ yɛnkae asɛmfua paya no efisɛ “A” abien na ɛwom. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ bere biara a mehu asɛmfua a “A” abien wom no, minsusuw sɛ ɛkyerɛ paya.”

Wobu akontaa sɛ saa “hwɛ na ka” kwan a wɔfa so yi yɛ nea nsɛmfua 350 pɛ na ɛma abofra no tumi hu wɔ n’afe a edi kan no awiei. Ebedu afe a etia abien no awiei no na otumi hu nsɛmfua bɛyɛ 1,100, na otumi hu nsɛmfua foforo 1,200 wɔ bɛyɛ afe a ɛto so abiɛsa no awiei, ne nsɛmfua foforo 1,550 wɔ afe a ɛto so anan no awiei. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ abofra no nya nsɛmfua 4,200 wɔ ne kasa mu.

Wɔ ɔkwan foforo so no wobu akontaa sɛ mmofra a wɔkyerɛ wɔn akenkan denam “phonic first” kwan no so no betumi ahwɛ kwan sɛ wobesua nsɛmfua 40,000 wɔ wɔn afe a ɛto so anan wɔ mfitiase mu no mu. “Phonic” no kyerɛ “ɛnne nnyigyei,” na wɔ saa kwan yi so no, ɛnyɛ sɛnea wɔfrɛ nkyerɛwde bi nko na wɔkyerɛ sukuuni no na mmom senea egyigye wɔ asɛmfua bi mu nso. Wodi kan sua anom nnyigyei ahorow no ne afei ɛnne nnyigyei no nso. Ɛno akyi no, wɔde n’abien no bom wɔ nkyerɛwde abien abiɛsa, anaa anan mu de kyerɛw asɛmfua anaa asɛm ankasa bi. (Hwɛ Awake! July 8, 1967, nkratafa 12-16.) Ɛte sɛ nea sɔhwɛ ahorow a wɔayɛ no ani gye “phonic” kwan a wɔfa so kyerɛ akenkan wɔ mfitiase sukuu no ho

Nanso, nea ɛma asɛm no sɛe kɛse no, ebia akyerɛkyerɛfo binom de adwene a enye besusuw wɔn sukuufo no akenkan ho. Ɔbenfo bi kae sɛ: “Sɛ́ ɛyɛ nea mmofra no wɔ ‘biribi a eye’ anaasɛ ‘wonni bi,’ sɛ wɔyɛ tuntum anaafitaa, adefo anaa ahiafo no mfa sɛnea mmofra no tumi sua akenkan no ho. Wɔ m’adwuma mu osuahu ahorow a manya mu no, nsɛm a ɛte sɛɛ yi yɛ anoyi ara kwa wɔ mmofra a wɔnkyerɛ wɔn akenkan ho.”​—Yɛn na yɛde nkyerɛwde soronko akyerɛw afã bi no.

Nneɛma Afoforo a Ɛhaw Akenkan

Wɔkyerɛ sɛ television yɛ ade foforo nti a nkurɔfo nkenkan ade no. Wobu akontaa sɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ United States a wodi mfe 70 no de nnɔnhwerew 70,000 hwɛ television wɔ wɔn asetra mu, biribi a ɛtɔ bere a wɔde yɛ adwuma ne nea wɔde da no so abien! TV Guide bɔ amanneɛ sɛ: “Nyansahu mu nhwehwɛmu ahorow pii di adanse sɛ TV a mmofra a wofi mfitiase sukuu ase hwɛ no pii no ne akenkan ne akyerɛw a wosua nhyia. Nhwehwɛmu . . . kyerɛ sɛ mmofra a wofi fie a wobu akenkan sɛ ɛsom bo mu nanso wɔma wɔn kwan ma wɔhwɛ TV pii no taa hyia akenkan mu nsɛnnennen ahorow kɛse.”

Nneɛma afoforo nso wɔ hɔ a ɛka sua a obi besua akenkan yiye no. “Abofra a n’ani nyɛ adwuma yiye ti betumi apae no n’ani bɛyɛ ne yaw, ɔbɛyɛ basaa a nyarewa afoforo a ɛremma akenkan nyɛ anigye ka ho.” Nanso wɔ sukuu mu ankasa no, wɔntaa mfa adwene nsi mmofra a wɔte sɛɛ so kɛse.​—Diagnostic and Remedial Teaching, kratafa 49.

Ɛtɔ bere bi a asɛm a wɔnte no yiye nso haw. Ɔkwan biara so no, mmofra a wɔyare wɔn aso bɛtɔ sin wɔ sukuu a wɔfa ɔkwan a yɛkaa ho asɛm akyiri yi so kyerɛkyerɛ no mu.

Nkate ho asɛm nso wom kɛse. Sɛ nhwɛso, “abofra a wantumi ankenkan ade yiye mfitiase no ara no nya adwene bi wɔ akenkan ho a esiw nkɔso foforo a obenya kwan,” saa na ɔdenimfo bi kae, na ɔde kaa ho sɛ: “Ɛyɛ nea wonim sɛ nnipa binom wo hɔ a nhoma a wɔn anim bɔ so anaa asɛm akenkan din a wobɔ ma wɔyɛ basaa na wɔn ho ntɔ wɔn.’ Afei nso tebea a ɛwɔ ofie a emu apaapae mu, ahotɔ a enni fie hɔ, anaasɛ awofo a wɔyɛ kẽka betumi anya abofra no nkɔso wɔ akenkan mu no so tumi mpɛn pii.

Ade a sen biara a ɛhaw obi a n’akenkan nye ne ade a ɔrenkenkan. Asɛm no ne sɛ, obiara nni hɔ a watumi ahu akenkan bere a ɔnkenkan ade. Mpɛn pii ade a wɔnkenkan yi fi nneɛma ahorow a yɛadi kan abobo din no mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa.

Sɛ́ den ara na ɛma obi ntumi nkenkan ade yiye no, mmɔden ankasa a wobɛbɔ sɛ wobedi so yɛ nea biribi befi mu aba wɔ bere tiaa mu. Nea edi hɔ no yɛde nyansahyɛ ahorow a ebia ɛbɛboa bɛma.

[Kratafa 5 mfoni]

Mmofra a wɔma wɔn kwan ma wɔhwɛ TV pii dodo no taa hyia nsɛnnennen a ɛfa akenkan ho